{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:08:05Z","timestamp":1793502485722,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]],"date-time":"2016-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eat Weight Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-016-0258-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]],"date-time":"2016-02-22T14:05:07Z","timestamp":1456149907000},"page":"185-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":182,"title":["Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa is less than 1\u00a0%: data from a US sample"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Dunn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josh","family":"Gibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noelle","family":"Whitney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Starosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"258_CR1","unstructured":"Bratman S (1997) The health food eating disorder. Yoga J 42\u201350"},{"key":"258_CR2","volume-title":"Health food junkies. Orthorexia nervosa: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating","author":"S Bratman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bratman S, Knight D (2000) Health food junkies. Orthorexia nervosa: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating. Broadway Books, New York"},{"key":"258_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.17.2255-JBK0502-2-1","volume":"285","author":"A Fugh-Berman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fugh-Berman A (2001) Health food: health food junkies: orthorexia nervosa: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating. JAMA 285:2255\u20132256. doi: 10.1001\/jama.285.17.2255-JBK0502-2-1","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"258_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2015.12.006","volume":"21","author":"TM Dunn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dunn TM, Bratman S (2016) On orthorexia nervosa: a review of the literature and proposed diagnostic criteria. Eat Behav 21:11\u201317. doi: 10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2015.12.006","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"key":"258_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03325060","volume":"9","author":"L Donini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Donini L, Marsili D, Graziani M, Imbriale M, Cannella C (2004) Orthorexia nervosa: a preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eat Weight Disord ST 9:151\u2013157. doi: 10.1007\/bf03325060","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord ST"},{"key":"258_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2014.03.003","volume":"56","author":"RM Moroze","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moroze RM, Dunn TM, Holland JC, Yager J, Weintraub P (2015) Microthinking about micronutrients: a case of transition from obsessions about healthy eating to near-fatal \u201cOrthorexia Nervosa\u201d and proposed diagnostic criteria. Psychosomatics 56:397\u2013403. doi: 10.1016\/j.psym.2014.03.003","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"258_CR7","first-page":"66","volume":"33","author":"MLC Zamora","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zamora MLC, Bonaechea BB, S\u00e1nchez FG, Rial BR (2005) Orthorexia nervosa. A new eating behavior disorder? Actas Esp Psiquiatr 33:66\u201368","journal-title":"Actas Esp Psiquiatr"},{"key":"258_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.5049\/EBP.2011.9.1.32","volume":"9","author":"SW Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park SW, Kim JY, Go GJ, Jeon ES, Pyo HJ, Kwon YJ (2011) Orthorexia nervosa with hyponatremia, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastimum, pneumothorax, and pancytopenia. Electrolyte Blood Press 9:32\u201337. doi: 10.5049\/EBP.2011.9.1.32","journal-title":"Electrolyte Blood Press"},{"key":"258_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.10.017","volume":"134","author":"S Saddichha","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saddichha S, Babu GN, Chandra P (2012) Orthorexia nervosa presenting as prodrome of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 134:110. doi: 10.1016\/j.schres.2011.10.017","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"258_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03327537","volume":"10","author":"L Donini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Donini L, Marsili D, Graziani M, Imbriale M, Cannella C (2005) Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eat Weight Disord ST 10:e28\u2013e32. doi: 10.1007\/bf03327537","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord ST"},{"key":"258_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e127","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03325318","volume":"16","author":"C Ramacciotti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ramacciotti C, Perrone P, Coli E, Burgalassi A, Conversano C, Massimetti G et al (2011) Orthorexia nervosa in the general population: a preliminary screening using a self-administered questionnaire (ORTO-15). Eat Weight Disord ST 16:e127\u2013e130. doi: 10.1007\/bf03325318","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord ST"},{"key":"258_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.3275\/8272","volume":"17","author":"C Segura-Garc\u00eda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Segura-Garc\u00eda C, Papaianni MC, Caglioti F, Procopio L, Nistic\u00f2 CG, Bombardiere L et al (2012) Orthorexia nervosa: a frequent eating disordered behavior in athletes. Eat Weight Disord ST 17:226\u2013233. doi: 10.3275\/8272","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord ST"},{"key":"258_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2007.04.007","volume":"49","author":"BAT Bosi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bosi BAT, \u00c7amur D, G\u00fcler \u00c7 (2007) Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in resident medical doctors in the faculty of medicine (Ankara, Turkey). Appetite 49:661\u2013666. doi: 10.1016\/j.appet.2007.04.007","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"258_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03325325","volume":"17","author":"M Alvarenga","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alvarenga M, Martins M, Sato K, Vargas S, Philippi S, Scagliusi F (2012) Orthorexia nervosa behavior in a sample of Brazilian dietitians assessed by the Portuguese version of ORTO-15. Eat Weight Disord ST 17:e29\u2013e35","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord ST"},{"key":"258_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-014-0100-0","volume":"19","author":"A Brytek-Matera","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brytek-Matera A, Krupa M, Poggiogalle E, Donini LM (2014) Adaptation of the ORTHO-15 test to Polish women and men. Eat Weight Disord ST 19:69\u201376. doi: 10.1007\/s40519-014-0100-0","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord ST"},{"key":"258_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-015-0038-2","volume":"3","author":"A Brytek-Matera","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brytek-Matera A, Donini LM, Krupa M, Poggiogalle E, Hay P (2015) Orthorexia nervosa and self-attitudinal aspects of body image in female and male university students. J Eat Disord 3:1\u20138. doi: 10.1186\/s40337-015-0038-2","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"258_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03327792","volume":"19","author":"G Aruso\u011flu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aruso\u011flu G, Kabakci E, K\u00f6ksal G, Merdol TK (2008) Orthorexia nervosa and adaptation of ORTO-11 into Turkish. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 19:283\u2013291. doi: 10.1007\/bf03327792","journal-title":"Turk Psikiyatri Derg"},{"key":"258_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2009.03.001","volume":"51","author":"T Fidan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fidan T, Ertekin V, I\u015fikay S, K\u0131rp\u0131nar I (2010) Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum, Turkey. Compr Psychiatry 51:49\u201354. doi: 10.1016\/j.comppsych.2009.03.001","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"258_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-14-59","volume":"14","author":"M Varga","year":"2014","unstructured":"Varga M, Thege BK, Dukay-Szab\u00f3 S, T\u00fary F, van Furth EF (2014) When eating healthy is not healthy: orthorexia nervosa and its measurement with the ORTO-15 in Hungary. BMC Psychiatry 14:59\u201370. doi: 10.1186\/1471-244X-14-59","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"258_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135772","volume":"10","author":"B Missbach","year":"2015","unstructured":"Missbach B, Hinterbuchinger B, Dreiseitl V, Zellhofer S, Kurz C, K\u00f6nig J (2015) When eating right, is measured wrong! A validation and critical examination of the ORTO-15 Questionnaire in German. PLoS One 10:1\u201315. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0135772","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"258_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0282-y","volume":"14","author":"FR Smink","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smink FR, van Hoeken D, Hoek HW (2012) Epidemiology of eating disorders: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. Curr Psychiatry Rep 14:406\u2013414","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"258_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-75182015000100005","volume":"42","author":"T Jerez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jerez T, Lagos R, Vald\u00e9s-Badilla P, Pacheco E, P\u00e9rez C (2015) Prevalencia de conducta ortor\u00e9xica en estudiantes de educaci\u00f3n media de Temuco [Prevalence of orthorexic behaviour in high school students of Temuco]. Rev Chil Nutr 42:41\u201344. doi: 10.4067\/S0717-75182015000100005","journal-title":"Rev Chil Nutr"},{"key":"258_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.12.1856","volume":"156","author":"RL Spitzer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Wakefield JC (1999) DSM-IV diagnostic criterion for clinical significance: does it help solve the false positives problem? Am J Psychiatry 156:1856\u20131864","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"258_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2015.12.006","volume":"21","author":"TM Dunn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dunn TM, Bratman S (2016) On orthorexia nervosa: a review of the literature and proposed diagnoistic criteria. Eat Behav 21:11\u201317","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"key":"258_CR25","first-page":"97","volume":"10","author":"MR Lopes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lopes MR, Kirsten VR (2009) Comortamentos de ortorexia nervosa em mulheres jovens [Orthorexia nervosa behaviors in young women]. Disciplinarum Scientia 10:97\u2013105","journal-title":"Disciplinarum Scientia"}],"container-title":["Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40519-016-0258-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-016-0258-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-016-0258-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-016-0258-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T23:54:17Z","timestamp":1692230057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40519-016-0258-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-016-0258-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1124-4909","1590-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1124-4909","type":"print"},{"value":"1590-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 November 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors disclose that we have no conflicts of interest with this research and are not receiving any consideration with this work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Prior to data collection, this study was approved by our university\u2019s institutional review board for the ethical treatment of human participants in research. The project was given \u201cexempt\u201d status.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All participants read informed consent statements. As our study consisted solely of anonymous questionnaires, and a signed consent statement would be the sole way to identify participants, they provided consent by taking the anonymous questionnaire.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}