{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T20:11:12Z","timestamp":1780603872056,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]],"date-time":"2020-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585785600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]],"date-time":"2020-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eat Weight Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-020-00891-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]],"date-time":"2020-04-02T05:14:08Z","timestamp":1585804448000},"page":"407-415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Treatment studies with cannabinoids in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Emilie Vangsgaard","family":"Rosager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Sj\u00f6gren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"891_CR1","unstructured":"A Solvay Pharmaceuticals IC, Marietta G (2004) MARINOL\u00ae. https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2005\/018651s021lbl.pdf. Accessed 1 Nov 2019"},{"issue":"8","key":"891_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01865a083","volume":"62","author":"R Adams","year":"1940","unstructured":"Adams R, Baker BR, Wearn RB (1940) Structure of cannabinol. III. synthesis of cannabinol, 1-hydroxy-3-n-amyl-6,6,9-trimethyl-6-dibenzopyran1. J Am Chem Soc 62(8):2204\u20132207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja01865a083","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"891_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22173","volume":"47","author":"A Andries","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andries A, Frystyk J, Flyvbjerg A, Stoving RK (2014) Dronabinol in severe, enduring anorexia nervosa: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Eat Disord 47(1):18\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22173","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"891_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2015.07.006","volume":"25","author":"A Andries","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andries A, Frystyk J, Flyvbjerg A, Stoving RK (2015) Changes in IGF-I, urinary free cortisol and adipokines during dronabinol therapy in anorexia nervosa: results from a randomised, controlled trial. Growth Horm IGF Res 25(5):247\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ghir.2015.07.006","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"891_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-014-0132-5","volume":"20","author":"A Andries","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andries A, Gram B, Stoving RK (2015) Effect of dronabinol therapy on physical activity in anorexia nervosa: a randomised, controlled trial. Eat Weight Disord 20(1):13\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-014-0132-5","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"key":"891_CR6","unstructured":"Avraham Y, Latzer Y, Hasid D, Berry EM (2017) The impact of Delta9-THC on the psychological symptoms of anorexia nervosa: a pilot Study. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci 54(3):44\u201351. https:\/\/cdn.doctorsonly.co.il\/2018\/05\/08_The-Impact-of.pdf"},{"key":"891_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Banister SD, Arnold JC, Connor M, Glass M, McGregor IS (2019) Dark classics in chemical neuroscience: DELTA9-tetrahydrocannabinol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.8b00651","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.8b00651"},{"issue":"10","key":"891_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.136","volume":"9","author":"DP Begg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Begg DP, Woods SC (2013) The endocrinology of food intake. Nat Rev Endocrinol 9(10):584\u2013597. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrendo.2013.136","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"891_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1168","volume":"40","author":"L Cristino","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cristino L, Becker T, Di Marzo V (2014) Endocannabinoids and energy homeostasis: an update. BioFactors 40(4):389\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/biof.1168","journal-title":"BioFactors"},{"issue":"8","key":"891_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01062a046","volume":"86","author":"Y Gaoni","year":"1964","unstructured":"Gaoni Y, Mechoulam R (1964) Isolation, structure, and partial synthesis of an active constituent of Hashish. J Am Chem Soc 86(8):1646\u20131647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja01062a046","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"891_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-198306000-00004","volume":"3","author":"H Gross","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gross H, Ebert MH, Faden VB, Goldberg SC, Kaye WH, Caine ED et al (1983) A double-blind trial of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in primary anorexia nervosa. J Clin Psychopharmacol 3(3):165\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004714-198306000-00004","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"891_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(00)00059-5","volume":"392","author":"S Hao","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hao S, Avraham Y, Mechoulam R, Berry EM (2000) Low dose anandamide affects food intake, cognitive function, neurotransmitter and corticosterone levels in diet-restricted mice. Eur J Pharmacol 392(3):147\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0014-2999(00)00059-5","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"891_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-019-00984-4","volume":"269","author":"E Hoch","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hoch E, Niemann D, von Keller R, Schneider M, Friemel CM, Preuss UW et al (2019) How effective and safe is medical cannabis as a treatment of mental disorders? A systematic review. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 269(1):87\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-019-00984-4","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"891_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Howlett A, Barth F, Bonner T, Cabral G, Casellas P, Devane W et al (2002) International Union of Pharmacology. XXVII. Classification of cannabinoid receptors. Pharmacol Rev 54(2):161-202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/pr.54.2.161","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.54.2.161"},{"issue":"2","key":"891_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.54.2.161","volume":"54","author":"A Howlett","year":"2002","unstructured":"Howlett A, Barth F, Bonner T, Cabral G, Casellas P, Devane W et al (2002) International union of pharmacology. XXVII. Classification of cannabinoid receptors. Pharmacol Rev 54(2):161\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/pr.54.2.161","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"891_CR16","volume-title":"CADTH rapid response reports. In the use of medical cannabis with other medications: a review of safety and guidelines\u2014an update","author":"E MacDonald","year":"2019","unstructured":"MacDonald E, Adams A (2019) CADTH rapid response reports. In the use of medical cannabis with other medications: a review of safety and guidelines\u2014an update. Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK549545\/"},{"issue":"6284","key":"891_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1038\/346561a0","volume":"346","author":"LA Matsuda","year":"1990","unstructured":"Matsuda LA, Lolait SJ, Brownstein MJ, Young AC, Bonner TI (1990) Structure of a cannabinoid receptor and functional expression of the cloned cDNA. Nature 346(6284):561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/346561a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"891_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mechoulam R (2019) The pharmacohistory of cannabis sativa, pp 1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9780429260667-1","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429260667-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"891_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(95)00109-d","volume":"50","author":"R Mechoulam","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mechoulam R, Ben-Shabat S, Hanus L, Ligumsky M, Kaminski NE, Schatz AR et al (1995) Identification of an endogenous 2-monoglyceride, present in canine gut, that binds to cannabinoid receptors. Biochem Pharmacol 50(1):83\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-2952(95)00109-d","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"891_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-4020(63)85022-X","volume":"19","author":"R Mechoulam","year":"1963","unstructured":"Mechoulam R, Shvo Y (1963) Hashish\u2014I: the structure of cannabidiol. Tetrahedron 19(12):2073\u20132078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0040-4020(63)85022-X","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"issue":"6","key":"891_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300695","volume":"30","author":"P Monteleone","year":"2005","unstructured":"Monteleone P, Matias I, Martiadis V, De Petrocellis L, Maj M, Di Marzo V (2005) Blood levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide are increased in anorexia nervosa and in binge-eating disorder, but not in bulimia nervosa. Neuropsychopharmacology 30(6):1216\u20131221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.npp.1300695","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"6441","key":"891_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/365061a0","volume":"365","author":"S Munro","year":"1993","unstructured":"Munro S, Thomas KL, Abu-Shaar M (1993) Molecular characterization of a peripheral receptor for cannabinoids. Nature 365(6441):61. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/365061a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"891_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1177\/082585979401000105","volume":"10","author":"K Nelson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nelson K, Walsh D, Deeter P, Sheehan F (1994) A phase II study of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol for appetite stimulation in cancer-associated anorexia. J Palliat Care 10(1):14\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/082585979401000105","journal-title":"J Palliat Care"},{"key":"891_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-20825-1_1","volume-title":"Endocannabinoids","author":"RG Pertwee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pertwee RG (2015) Endocannabinoids and their pharmacological actions. In: Pertwee RG (ed) Endocannabinoids. Springer, Cham, pp 1\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-20825-1_1"},{"key":"891_CR25","unstructured":"Phillips B, Ball C, Sackett D, Badenoch D, Straus S, Haynes B, Dawes M (1998, 2009). Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine\u2014levels of Evidence (March 2009).\u00a0https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/2009\/06\/oxford-centre-evidence-based-medicine-levels-evidence-march-2009\/. Accessed 31 Jan 2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"891_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2008.07.013","volume":"18","author":"HC Steinhausen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Steinhausen HC (2009) Outcome of eating disorders. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 18(1):225\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2008.07.013","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"891_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2437","volume":"215","author":"T Sugiura","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sugiura T, Kondo S, Sukagawa A, Nakane S, Shinoda A, Itoh K et al (1995) 2-Arachidonoylglycerol: a possible endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand in brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 215(1):89\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2437","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"891_CR28","unstructured":"Treasure J (2019) Feighner\u2019s diagnostic criteria. Personal Communication"},{"issue":"5090","key":"891_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1470919","volume":"258","author":"AD William","year":"1992","unstructured":"William AD, Lumir H, Aviva B, Roger GP, Lesley AS, Graeme G et al (1992) Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to. Science 258(5090):1946. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1470919","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-020-00891-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40519-020-00891-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-020-00891-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T23:12:43Z","timestamp":1617318763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40519-020-00891-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-020-00891-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 April 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"All the authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers\u2019 bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies performed by any of the authors involving human participants or animals.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For this type of study, formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}