{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:48:57Z","timestamp":1790632137942,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eat Weight Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There is limited evidence of a link between Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) and Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and no definitive conclusions can be drawn. The interplay between socio-cultural context and ON has been poorly investigated as well. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were: (1) to investigate the differences in ON and OCD symptoms and (2) to assess the relationship between ON and OCD symptoms among university students. Six hundred and sixty-six university students participated in the present study: 286 from Poland and 320 from Italy. No age, gender and marital status differences were identified between two samples of university students. However, on average, Polish university students had a higher Body Mass Index than Italian ones. Our findings showed that Polish students present more problems related to obsessive symptomatology, core beliefs of OCD, perfectionism traits, and a major ON symptomatology than Italian ones. Also, Polish students with a higher level of ON exhibited higher levels of OCD symptoms and parental expectations\/parental criticism. While Italian students with a higher level of ON showed higher levels of perfectionism features (organization and concern over mistakes). In general, correlations were low as confirmation of partial independence ON from OCD symptoms and core beliefs of OCD in both Polish and Italian university students. The present results highlight a need for further investigation of the correlates of ON across different cultural groups. Future research may screen individuals with ON to determine the comorbidity between ON and OCD symptomology to facilitate appropriate treatment choices.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Level V, Opinions of respected authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-021-01228-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T12:04:09Z","timestamp":1622635449000},"page":"913-927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Orthorexia Nervosa and its association with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder symptoms: initial cross-cultural comparison between Polish and Italian university students"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5178-371X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Brytek-Matera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Pardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Modrzejewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Modrzejewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Szyma\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Czepczor-Bernat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Novara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1228_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-019-0246-2","volume":"7","author":"S Ambwani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ambwani S, Shippe M, Gao Z, Austin SB (2019) Is clean eating a healthy or harmful dietary strategy? Perceptions of clean eating and associations with disordered eating among young adults. J Eat Disord 7(1):1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40337-019-0246-2","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1228_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-020-00291-7","volume":"8","author":"L Vuillier","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vuillier L, Robertson S, Greville-Harris M (2020) Orthorexic tendencies are linked with difficulties with emotion identification and regulation. J Eat Disord 8:15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40337-020-00291-7","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1228_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-019-00809-2","author":"M Greville-Harris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Greville-Harris M, Smithson J, Karl A (2019) What are people\u2019s experiences of Orthorexia Nervosa? A qualitative study of online blogs. Eat Weight Disord. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-019-00809-2","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"key":"1228_CR4","first-page":"42","volume":"136","author":"S Bratman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bratman S (1997) Health food junkie. Yoga J 136:42\u201350","journal-title":"Yoga J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-018-0606-y","volume":"24","author":"H Cena","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cena H, Barthels F, Cuzzolaro M, Bratman S, Brytek-Matera A, Dunn T, Varga M, Missbach B, Donini LM (2019) Definition and diagnostic criteria for Orthorexia Nervosa: a narrative review of the literature. Eat Weight Disord 24(2):209\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-018-0606-y","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"key":"1228_CR6","volume-title":"Health food junkies: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating","author":"S Bratman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bratman S, Knight D (2000) Health food junkies: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating. Broadway Books, New York"},{"key":"1228_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2015.12.006","volume":"21","author":"TM Dunn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dunn TM, Bratman S (2016) On Orthorexia Nervosa: a review of the literature and proposed diagnostic criteria. Eat Behav 21:11\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2015.12.006","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"1228_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-017-0417-6","volume":"22","author":"S Bratman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bratman S (2017) Orthorexia vs. theories of healthy eating. Eat Weight Disord 22(3):381\u2013385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-017-0417-6","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"1228_CR9","first-page":"55","volume":"1","author":"A Brytek-Matera","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brytek-Matera A (2012) Orthorexia Nervosa: an eating disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder or disturbed eating habit. Arch Psychiatry Psychother 1(1):55\u201360","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatry Psychother"},{"issue":"5","key":"1228_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1708\/2476.25888","volume":"51","author":"L Dell\u2019Osso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dell\u2019Osso L, Abelli M, Carpita B, Massimetti G, Pini S, Rivetti L, Gorrasi F, Tognetti R, Ricca V, Carmassi C (2016) Orthorexia Nervosa in a sample of Italian university population. Riv Psichiatr 51(5):190\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1708\/2476.25888","journal-title":"Riv Psichiatr"},{"key":"1228_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S61665","volume":"11","author":"NS Koven","year":"2015","unstructured":"Koven NS, Abry AW (2015) The clinical basis of Orthorexia Nervosa: emerging perspectives. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 11:385\u2013394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/NDT.S61665","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"1228_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2019.05.005","volume":"140","author":"SE McComb","year":"2019","unstructured":"McComb SE, Mills JS (2019) Orthorexia Nervosa: a review of psychosocial risk factors. Appetite 140:50\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2019.05.005","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"3","key":"1228_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2008.00809.x","volume":"18","author":"A Kummer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kummer A, Dias FM, Teixeira AL (2008) On the concept of orthorexia nervosa. Scand J Med Sci Sports 18(3):395\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2008.00809.x","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"4","key":"1228_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.129","volume":"7","author":"J Strahler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Strahler J, Hermann A, Walter B, Stark R (2018) Orthorexia Nervosa: A behavioral complex or a psychological condition? J Behav Addict 7(4):1143\u20131156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.7.2018.129","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03325060","volume":"9","author":"L Donini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Donini L, Marsili D, Graziani M, Imbriale M, Cannella C (2004) Orthorexia Nervosa: A preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eat Weight Disord 9(2):151\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF03325060","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1228_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.2014.987920","volume":"54","author":"E Asil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Asil E, S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fco\u011flu MS (2015) Orthorexia Nervosa in Turkish dietitians. Ecol Food Nutr 54(4):303\u2013313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03670244.2014.987920","journal-title":"Ecol Food Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"1228_CR17","first-page":"283","volume":"19","author":"G Aruso\u011flu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aruso\u011flu G, Kabak\u00e7i E, K\u00f6ksal G, Merdol TK (2008) Orthorexia Nervosa and adaptation of ORTO-11 into Turkish. Turk J Psychiatry 19(3):283\u2013291 (PMID: 18791881)","journal-title":"Turk J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1228_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1026\/1616-3443\/a000399","volume":"46","author":"F Barthels","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barthels F, Meyer F, Huber T, Pietrowsky R (2017) Analyse des orthorektischen Ern\u00e4hrungsverhaltens von Patienten mit Essst\u00f6rungen und mit Zwangsst\u00f6rungen [Analysis of orthorexic eating behavior in patients with eating disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder]. Z Klin Psychol Psychother 46(1):32\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1026\/1616-3443\/a000399","journal-title":"Z Klin Psychol Psychother"},{"key":"1228_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-017-0427-4","volume":"22","author":"A Brytek-Matera","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brytek-Matera A, Fonte MA, Poggiogalle E, Donini LM, Cena H (2017) Orthorexia Nervosa: relationship with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, disordered eating patterns and body uneasiness among Italian university students. Eat Weight Disord 22:609\u2013617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-017-0427-4","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"key":"1228_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-019-2208-2","volume":"19","author":"C Gramaglia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gramaglia C, Gambaro E, Delicato C, Marchetti M, Sarchiapone M, Ferrante D, Roncero M, Perpi\u00f1\u00e1 C, Brytek-Matera A, Wojtyna E, Zeppegno P (2019) Orthorexia Nervosa, eating patterns and personality traits: a cross-cultural comparison of Italian, Polish and Spanish university students. BMC Psychiatry 19:235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-019-2208-2","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.5430\/jnep.v9n2p67","volume":"9","author":"CB Costa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Costa CB, Hardan-Khalil K (2019) Orthorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive behaviour among college students in the United States. J Nurs Educ Pract 9(2):67\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5430\/jnep.v9n2p67","journal-title":"J Nurs Educ Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.4236\/ojpsych.2013.32019","volume":"3","author":"NS Koven","year":"2013","unstructured":"Koven NS, Senbonmatsu R (2013) A neuropsychological evaluation of Orthorexia Nervosa. Open J Psychiatry 3(2):214\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/ojpsych.2013.32019","journal-title":"Open J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1076\/jcen.26.2.190.28091","volume":"26","author":"R Murphy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Murphy R, Nutzinger DO, Paul T, Leplow B (2004) Conditional-associative learning in eating disorders: a comparison with OCD. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 26(2):190\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1076\/jcen.26.2.190.28091","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"key":"1228_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2016.02.144","volume":"101","author":"J Bundros","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bundros J, Clifford D, Silliman K, Morris MN (2016) Prevalence of Orthorexia Nervosa among college students based on Bratman\u2019s test and associated tendencies. Appetite 101:86\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2016.02.144","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1891\/0889-8391.31.2.124","volume":"31","author":"O Hayes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hayes O, Wu MS, De Nadai AS, Storch EA (2017) Orthorexia Nervosa: an examination of the prevalence, correlates, and associated impairment in a university sample. J Cogn Psychother 31(2):124\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/0889-8391.31.2.124","journal-title":"J Cogn Psychother"},{"key":"1228_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koinig I (2021) Designing COVID-19 campaigns to achieve individual compliance: examples from Austria, the U.S., and Australia. In: Sari, G (ed) Handbook of research on representing health and medicine in modern media. IGI Global, pp 367\u2013391","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-6825-5.ch022"},{"issue":"5","key":"1228_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzz012","volume":"3","author":"C Vaillancourt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vaillancourt C, B\u00e9dard A, B\u00e9langer-Gravel A, Provencher V, B\u00e9gin C, Desroches S, Lemieux S (2019) Promoting healthy eating in adults: an evaluation of pleasure-oriented versus health-oriented messages. Curr Dev Nutr 3(5):12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cdn\/nzz012","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"1228_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980014001542","volume":"18","author":"L Schwingshackl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schwingshackl L, Missbach B, Hoffmann KJ (2015) Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr 18(7):1292\u20131299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1368980014001542 (Epub 2014 Aug 22 PMID: 25145972)","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"1228_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1241-2","volume":"17","author":"C Gramaglia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gramaglia C, Brytek-Matera A, Rogoza R, Zeppegno P (2017) Orthorexia and anorexia nervosa: two distinct phenomena? A cross-cultural comparison of orthorexic behaviours in clinical and non-clinical samples. BMC Psychiatry 17:75. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-017-1241-2","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"DH Gleaves","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gleaves DH, Graham EC, Ambwani S (2013) Measuring \u201corthorexia\u201d: development of the Eating Habits Questionnaire. Int J Educ Psychol Assess 12(2):1\u201318","journal-title":"Int J Educ Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"3","key":"1228_CR31","first-page":"291","volume":"23","author":"C Novara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Novara C, Pardini S, Pastore M, Mulatti C (2017) Ortoressia Nervosa: Un\u2019indagine del costrutto e delle caratteristiche psicometriche della versione italiana dell\u2019Eating Habits Questionnaire- 21(EHQ-21). [Orthorexia Nervosa: An investigation of the construct and psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Eating Habits Questionnaire-21 (EHQ-21)]. Psicoterap Cogn Comportam 23(3):291\u2013316","journal-title":"Psicoterap Cogn Comportam"},{"issue":"12","key":"1228_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3820","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123820","volume":"12","author":"A Brytek-Matera","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brytek-Matera A, Plasonja N, D\u00e9camps G (2020) Assessing orthorexia nervosa: validation of the Polish version of the Eating Habits Questionnaire in a general population sample. Nutrients 12(12):3820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12123820","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"1228_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.14.4.485","volume":"14","author":"EB Foa","year":"2002","unstructured":"Foa EB, Huppert JD, Leiberg S, Langner R, Kichic R, Hajcak G, Salkovskis PM (2002) The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: development and validation of a short version. Psychol Assess 14(4):485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1040-3590.14.4.485","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"1228_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2008.07.001","volume":"23","author":"C Sica","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sica C, Ghisi M, Alto\u00e8 G, Chiri LR, Franceschini S, Coradeschi D et al (2009) The Italian version of Obsessive Compulsive Inventory: Its psychometric properties on community and clinical samples. J Anxiety Disord 23:204\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.janxdis.2008.07.001","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"1228_CR35","first-page":"137","volume":"4","author":"M Je\u015bka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Je\u015bka M (2012) Narz\u0119dzia do pomiaru objaw\u00f3w zaburzenia obsesyjno-kompulsyjnego (zastosowanie, w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci, wady i zalety) [Tools for measuring the symptoms of obsessivecompulsive disorder (application, properties, advantages and disadvantages)]. Neuropsychiatria Przegl\u0105d Klin 4(3):137\u2013142","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatria Przegl\u0105d Klin"},{"issue":"6","key":"1228_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.13075\/ijomeh.1896.00792","volume":"29","author":"J Mojsa-Kaja","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mojsa-Kaja J, Golonka K, Gaw\u0142owska M (2016) Preliminary analyses of psychometric characteristics of the Polish version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) in a non-clinical sample. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 29(6):1011\u20131021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13075\/ijomeh.1896.00792","journal-title":"Int J Occup Med Environ Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"1228_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01172967","volume":"14","author":"RO Frost","year":"1990","unstructured":"Frost RO, Marten P, Lahart C, Rosenblate R (1990) The dimensions of perfectionism. Cogn Ther Res 14(5):449\u2013468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01172967","journal-title":"Cogn Ther Res"},{"key":"1228_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(97)00207-9","volume":"24","author":"J Strober","year":"1998","unstructured":"Strober J (1998) The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale Revisited: More perfect with four (instead of six) dimensions. Personal Individ Differ 24:481\u2013491","journal-title":"Personal Individ Differ"},{"issue":"3","key":"1228_CR39","first-page":"31","volume":"14","author":"C Lombardo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lombardo C (2008) Adattamento italiano della Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS). Psicoterap Cogn Comport 14(3):31\u201346","journal-title":"Psicoterap Cogn Comport"},{"key":"1228_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-019-00198-w","author":"K Piotrowski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Piotrowski K, Bojanowska A (2019) Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Polish adaptation of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. Curr Psychol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-019-00198-w","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"key":"1228_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(00)00085-1","volume":"39","author":"Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group","year":"2001","unstructured":"Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (2001) Development and initial validation of the obsessive beliefs questionnaire and the interpretation of intrusions inventory. Behav Res Ther 39:987\u20131006","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"1228_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00099-2","volume":"41","author":"Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group","year":"2003","unstructured":"Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (2003) Psychometric validation of the obsessive belief questionnaire and the interpretation of intrusion inventory: Part 1. Behav Res Ther 41:863\u2013878","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"1228_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.07.010","volume":"43","author":"Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group","year":"2005","unstructured":"Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (2005) Psychometric validation of the obsessive belief questionnaire and interpretation of intrusion inventory. Part II. Behav Res Therapy 43:1527\u20131542","journal-title":"Behav Res Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR44","first-page":"157","volume":"17","author":"C Novara","year":"2011","unstructured":"Novara C, Dorz S, Pastore M, Sica C, Sanavio E (2011) Presentazione della versione italiana dell\u2019Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (parte II). Validit\u00e0 convergente e specificit\u00e0 dei costrutti in un campione clinico. Psicoterap Cogn Comport 17(2):157\u2013172","journal-title":"Psicoterap Cogn Comport"},{"key":"1228_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.3390\/su10041281","volume":"10","author":"M Sajdakowska","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sajdakowska M, Kr\u00f3lak M, Zychowicz W, Je\u017cewska-Zychowicz M (2018) Acceptance of food technologies, perceived values and consumers\u2019 expectations towards bread. A survey among Polish Sample. Sustainability 10:1281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su10041281","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"4","key":"1228_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.5455\/NYS.20151221025259","volume":"53","author":"CA Poyraz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Poyraz CA, T\u00fcfek\u00e7io\u011flu EY, \u00d6zdemir A, Ba\u015f A, Kani AS, Ergin\u00f6z E, Duran A (2015) Relationship between orthorexia and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Yeni Symposium 53(4):22\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/NYS.20151221025259","journal-title":"Yeni Symposium"},{"issue":"2","key":"1228_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.12740\/pp\/onlinefirst\/85729","volume":"53","author":"I \u0141ucka","year":"2019","unstructured":"\u0141ucka I, Janikowska-Ho\u0142owe\u0144ko D, Domarecki P, Plenikowska-\u015alusarz T, Domarecka M (2019) Orthorexia Nervosa: a separate clinical entity, a part of eating disorder spectrum or another manifestation of obsessive-compulsive disorder? Psychiatr Pol 53(2):371\u2013382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12740\/pp\/onlinefirst\/85729","journal-title":"Psychiatr Pol"},{"key":"1228_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2018.12.006","volume":"134","author":"HF Zickgraf","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zickgraf HF, Ellis JM, Essayli JH (2019) Disentangling Orthorexia Nervosa from healthy eating and other eating disorder symptoms: relationships with clinical impairment, comorbidity, and self-reported food choices. Appetite 134:40\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2018.12.006","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"1228_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-020-00896-6","author":"CD Oberle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oberle CD, De Nadai AS, Madrid AL (2020) Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI): development and validation of a new measure of orthorexic symptomatology. Eat Weight Disord. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-020-00896-6","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"key":"1228_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s40037-019-00530-x","volume":"8","author":"PT Ross","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ross PT, Bibler Zaidi NL (2019) Limited by our limitations. Perspect Med Educ 8:261\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40037-019-00530-x","journal-title":"Perspect Med Educ"}],"container-title":["Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-021-01228-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40519-021-01228-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-021-01228-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T10:40:35Z","timestamp":1648550435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40519-021-01228-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-021-01228-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"The authors also declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was performed following the Declaration of Helsinki (adopted by the 18th World Medical Association General Assembly, Helsinki, Finland) and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. A research ethics committee approved it (no. WKEB59\/05\/2019 in Poland and no. 3067\u201414\/06\/2019 in Italy).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from each voluntary participant before his or her enrollment in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}