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Elisabetta Bugianesi: Consultant for Gilead, BMS, Boeringher, Intercept, Innova, Novo Nordisk. Patrizia Burra received personal fees from Biotest, Kedrion and Chiesi Farmaceutici for occasional scientific collaboration. Fabio Marra: Abbvie: consultant fees; Allergan: consultant fees; AstraZeneca: consultant fees; Gilead: speaker honoraria, consultant fees; Intercept: speaker honoraria; Menarini: consultant fees; Novartis: consultant fees; Novo Nordisk: consultant fees. Luca Miele: Advisory Board, Consultancy, Invited Speaker: Alfa-Sigma, Boehringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Echosens, Galmed, Gilead Sciences, IBSA, Intercept, MEDA, MyGenomics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, ProLon, Promethera, Rottapharm-Madaus, Siemens Healthineers, Synageva. Anna Alisi: no disclosures. Piero Vajro: no disclosures. Mario Masarone: Gilead travel grants, invited speech; Abbvie: travel grants, invited speech, advisory boards. Salvatore Petta: Advisor and\/or Speaker for Abbvie, Gilead, Intercept and Pfyzer. Marcello Persico acted as consultant for Abbvie and Gilead. Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni: no disclosures. Luca Valenti: Speaking: MSD, Gilead, AlfaSigma, AbbVie; Consulting: Gilead, Pfizer, Astra Zeneca, Novo Nordisk, Intercept pharmaceuticals, Diatech Pharmacogenetics, IONIS; Research: Gilead. Massimo Federici: no disclosures. Francesco Purrello: no disclosures. Ferdinando Carlo Sasso has been member of Advisory Boards for Boehringer and for Ely-Lilly and has received fees for scientific consultation and\/or lectures by Jansen, Roche Diagnostics, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, MSD, Astrazeneca. Giovanni Targher: no disclosures. Luca Busetto: no disclosures. Maria Letizia Petroni: no disclosures. Ferruccio Santini has worked as a consultant, participated in studies, and\/or received travel funds from the following companies, which are involved with obesity and related diseases: AstraZeneca, Aegerion Pharmaceuticals, Amryt, BioItalia, Bruno farmaceutici and Novo Nordisk. Calogero Camm\u00e0: no disclosures. Agostino Colli: no disclosures.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The article does not contain any studies with human participant or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For this type of study formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}