{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:41:56Z","timestamp":1791510116030,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008460","name":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AT012126-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AT012126-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008460","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eat Weight Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eating disorder (ED) awareness is low. We assessed if ED symptom recognition, perceived need for treatment, perceived distress, perceived acceptability, and perceived prevalence differed depending on the gender of the individual with the ED.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>276 community participants were randomly assigned to one of three gender conditions (female, male, and non-binary), read three vignettes describing three different individuals with ED symptoms [anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED)], and then answered a series of questions related to participants ED symptom recognition, perceived need for treatment, perceived distress associated with having ED symptoms, perceived acceptability (e.g., the extent to which it may not be too bad to have an ED), and perceived prevalence. Mixed ANOVAs and chi-square analyses were conducted to examine differences between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were no significant main effects of gender condition across the outcome variables. There were main effects of ED type for problem recognition, perceived need for treatment, perceived level of distress, and perceived prevalence, with participants being more likely to recognize a problem in the AN and BN vignettes than the BED vignettes, refer for treatment and rate a higher perceived level of distress in then AN vignette than the BN and BED vignettes, and perceive a higher prevalence rate in the BN vignette than the AN vignette. There was a significant gender by condition interaction for perceived prevalence, with participants rating a higher prevalence of AN in women and non-binary individuals than men and a higher prevalence of BN in women than non-binary individuals and men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results highlight the importance of education on EDs and awareness that EDs can occur in any individual, regardless of their gender identification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level I, experimental study with randomization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-024-01672-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T06:01:54Z","timestamp":1719900114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Gender stereotypes in eating disorder recognition"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Margaret","family":"Sala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Coll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Flamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1672_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2013.827540","volume":"21","author":"M Sala","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sala M, Reyes-Rodr\u00edguez ML, Bulik CM, Bardone-Cone A (2013) Race, ethnicity, and eating disorder recognition by peers. Eat Disord J Treat Prev 21(5):423\u2013436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10640266.2013.827540","journal-title":"Eat Disord J Treat Prev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1672_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2010.01140.x","volume":"24","author":"S Hart","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hart S, Russell J, Abraham S (2011) Nutrition and dietetic practice in eating disorder management. J Hum Nutr Diet 24(2):144\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2010.01140.x","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"4","key":"1672_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2005.12.002","volume":"37","author":"KH Gordon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gordon KH, Brattole MM, Wingate LR Jr, Joiner TE (2006) The impact of client race on clinician detection of eating disorders. Behav Ther 37(4):319\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beth.2005.12.002","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"1672_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2495","volume":"25","author":"BP Nazar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nazar BP, Gregor LK, Albano G, Marchica A, Coco GL, Cardi V, Treasure J (2017) Early Response to treatment in Eating Disorders: a systematic review and a diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis. Eur Eat Disord Rev 25(2):67\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2495","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1672_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12170","volume":"9","author":"J Treasure","year":"2015","unstructured":"Treasure J, Stein D, Maguire S (2015) Has the time come for a staging model to map the course of eating disorders from high risk to severe enduring illness? An examination of the evidence. Early Interv Psychiatry 9(3):173\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eip.12170","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1672_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.10070","volume":"32","author":"KH Gordon","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gordon KH, Perez M, Joiner TE (2002) The impact of racial stereotypes on eating disorder recognition. Int J Eat Disord 32(2):219\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.10070","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"1672_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1080\/19325037.2020.1740120","volume":"51","author":"SR Blackstone","year":"2020","unstructured":"Blackstone SR, Sangiorgio C, Johnson AK (2020) Peer recognition of disordered eating behaviors: implications for improving awareness through health education. Am J Health Educ 51(3):142\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19325037.2020.1740120","journal-title":"Am J Health Educ"},{"key":"1672_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02574","author":"LAS Veillette","year":"2018","unstructured":"Veillette LAS, Serrano JM, Brochu PM (2018) What\u2019s weight got to do with it? Mental health trainees\u2019 perceptions of a client with anorexia nervosa symptoms. Front Psychol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02574","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1672_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20787","volume":"44","author":"L Marques","year":"2010","unstructured":"Marques L, Alegria M, Becker AE, Chen C, Fang A, Chosak A, Diniz JB (2010) Comparative prevalence, correlates of impairment, and service utilization for eating disorders across US ethnic groups: implications for reducing ethnic disparities in health care access for eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 44(5):412\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.20787","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"1672_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23812","volume":"55","author":"MC Riddle","year":"2022","unstructured":"Riddle MC, Robertson L, Blalock DV, Duffy A, Le Grange D, Mehler PS, Rienecke RD, Joiner T (2022) Comparing eating disorder treatment outcomes of transgender and nonbinary individuals with cisgender individuals. Int J Eat Disord 55(11):1532\u20131540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23812","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1672_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5TM. American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc: 947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"3","key":"1672_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.040","volume":"61","author":"JI Hudson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hudson JI, Hiripi E, Pope HG, Kessler RC (2007) The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Biol Psychiatry 61(3):348\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.040","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1672_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105312440298","volume":"18","author":"KJ Robinson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Robinson KJ, Mountford VA, Sperlinger DJ (2013) Being men with eating disorders: perspectives of male eating disorder service-users. J Health Psychol 18(2):176\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1359105312440298","journal-title":"J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1672_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2017.0043","volume":"3","author":"EW Diemer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Diemer EW, White Hughto JM, Gordon AR, Guss C, Austin SB, Reisner SL (2018) Beyond the binary: differences in eating disorder prevalence by gender identity in a transgender sample. Transgender Health 3(1):17\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/trgh.2017.0043","journal-title":"Transgender Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"1672_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22627","volume":"50","author":"RJ Watson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Watson RJ, Veale JF, Saewyc EM (2017) Disordered eating behaviors among transgender youth: probability profiles from risk and protective factors. Int J Eat Disord 50(5):515\u2013522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22627","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"1672_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-023-00756-5","volume":"11","author":"AV Chaphekar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chaphekar AV, Downey A, Garber AK, Kuykendall M, Bojorquez-Ramirez P, Ganson KT, Buckelew SM, Nagata JM (2023) Eating disorders in sexual minority adolescents and young adults: examining clinical characteristics and psychiatric co-morbidities in an inpatient medical setting. J Eat Disord 11(1):32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40337-023-00756-5","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1672_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19359705.2024.2310266","author":"S Tempia Valenta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tempia Valenta S, Marcolini F, Martone A, Ronchi D (2024) Atti A (2024) Treating eating disorders in the LGBTQIA+ adult population: a scoping review. J Gay Lesbian Ment Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19359705.2024.2310266","journal-title":"J Gay Lesbian Ment Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1672_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2018.1504536","volume":"27","author":"E Schoen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schoen E, Brock R, Hannon J (2019) Gender bias, other specified and unspecified feeding and eating disorders, and college students: a vignette study. Eat Disord 27(3):291\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10640266.2018.1504536","journal-title":"Eat Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"1672_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.2014.953028","volume":"154","author":"G Boysen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Boysen G, Ebersole A, Casner R, Coston N (2014) Gendered mental disorders: masculine and feminine stereotypes about mental disorders and their relation to stigma. J Soc Psychol 154(6):546\u2013565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00224545.2014.953028","journal-title":"J Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1672_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7893.2010.00257.x","volume":"5","author":"JM Mond","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mond JM, Arrighi A (2011) Gender differences in perceptions of the severity and prevalence of eating disorders. Early Interv Psychiatry 5(1):41\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1751-7893.2010.00257.x","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"1672_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1080\/09638230701677787","volume":"17","author":"JM Mond","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mond JM, Hay P, Rodgers B, Owen C (2008) Mental health literacy and eating disorders: what do women with bulimic eating disorders think and know about bulimia nervosa and its treatment? J Ment Health 17(6):565\u2013575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638230701677787","journal-title":"J Ment Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"1672_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000645","volume":"33","author":"JM Nagata","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nagata JM, Ganson KT, Austin SB (2020) Emerging trends in eating disorders among sexual and gender minorities. Curr Opin Psychiatry 33(6):562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000645","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"1672_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2012.715512","volume":"20","author":"E Strother","year":"2013","unstructured":"Strother E, Lemberg R, Stanford SC, Turberville D (2013) Eating disorders in men: underdiagnosed, undertreated, and misunderstood. Curr Findings Males Eating Disord 20(5):346\u2013355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10640266.2012.715512","journal-title":"Curr Findings Males Eating Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"1672_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-017-0787-5","volume":"19","author":"JM Lavender","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lavender JM, Brown TA, Murray SB (2017) Men, muscles, and eating disorders: an overview of traditional and muscularity-oriented disordered eating. Curr Psychiatry Rep 19(6):32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11920-017-0787-5","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"1672_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2147\/AHMT.S147480","volume":"9","author":"CA Limbers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Limbers CA, Cohen LA, Gray BA (2018) Eating disorders in adolescent and young adult males: prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Adolesc Health Med Ther 9:111\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/AHMT.S147480","journal-title":"Adolesc Health Med Ther"},{"key":"1672_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.08.001","volume":"57","author":"SB Murray","year":"2017","unstructured":"Murray SB, Nagata JM, Griffiths S, Calzo JP, Brown TA, Mitchison D et al (2017) The enigma of male eating disorders: a critical review and synthesis. Clin Psychol Rev 57:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.08.001","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"1672_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22846","volume":"51","author":"KR Sonneville","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sonneville KR, Lipson SK (2018) Disparities in eating disorder diagnosis and treatment according to weight status, race\/ethnicity, socioeconomic background, and sex among college students. Int J Eat Disord 51(6):518\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22846","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1672_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.07.022","volume":"59","author":"MA Goldstein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goldstein MA, Alinsky R, Medeiros C (2016) Males with restrictive eating disorders: barriers to their care. J Adolesc Health 59(4):371\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.07.022","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"1672_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.3200\/JACH.56.6.617-622","volume":"56","author":"L Ousley","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ousley L, Cordero ED, White S (2008) Eating disorders and body image of undergraduate men. J Am Coll Health 56(6):617\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3200\/JACH.56.6.617-622","journal-title":"J Am Coll Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1672_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0282-y","volume":"14","author":"FRE Smink","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smink FRE, van Hoeken D, Hoek HW (2012) Epidemiology of eating disorders: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. Curr Psychiatry Rep 14(4):406\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11920-012-0282-y","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"1672_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy342","volume":"109","author":"M Galmiche","year":"2019","unstructured":"Galmiche M, D\u00e9chelotte P, Lambert G, Tavolacci MP (2019) Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000\u20132018 period: a systematic literature review. Am J Clin Nutr 109(5):1402\u20131413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy342","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"}],"container-title":["Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-024-01672-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40519-024-01672-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-024-01672-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T06:03:16Z","timestamp":1719900196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40519-024-01672-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1672"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-024-01672-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Yeshiva University institutional review board.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The author(s) declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"45"}}