{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T12:12:42Z","timestamp":1783339962789,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737590400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006692","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006692","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eat Weight Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Eating disorders (EDs) pose significant challenges to mental and physical health, particularly among adolescents and young adults, with the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating risk factors. Despite advancements in psychosocial and pharmacological treatments, improvements remain limited. Early intervention in EDs, inspired by the model developed for psychosis, emphasizes the importance of timely identification and treatment initiation to improve prognosis. Challenges in identifying prodromal phases and measuring the duration of untreated illness highlight the complexity of early intervention efforts in EDs. Current research focuses on reducing the duration of untreated eating disorder (DUED) and understanding the cognitive and behavioral symptoms preceding ED onset. However, current early intervention programs for EDs showed mixed results, necessitating further investigation. We introduce here the chronopathogram, a tool that may aid in precisely investigating the role of development in EDs. A chronopathogram is a graphical representation of pathological events as they unfold over time. Understanding the neurodevelopmental aspects of EDs and utilizing tools like the chronopathogram can aid in tracking the unfolding of symptoms over time, facilitating early detection and intervention efforts. Overall, addressing the key factors influencing the onset and course of EDs is essential for effective early intervention in these conditions.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>Level of evidence<\/jats:bold>: Level V narrative review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-025-01715-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T04:45:25Z","timestamp":1737607525000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Early intervention in eating disorders: introducing the chronopathogram"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9003-9838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Preti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1992-5460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Bevione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0037-3948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Carla","family":"Lacidogna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3709-4111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Raballo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3306-8197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Poletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5826-5664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Abbate-Daga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1715_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30059-3","volume":"395","author":"J Treasure","year":"2020","unstructured":"Treasure J, Duarte TA, Schmidt U (2020) Eating disorders. The Lancet 395:899\u2013911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30059-3","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"1715_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2022) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. American Psychiatric Association Publishing","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"1715_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022) ICD-11: International classification of diseases (11th revision). In: https:\/\/icd.who.int\/"},{"key":"1715_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Mental Disorders Collaborators (2022) Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Psychiatry 9:137\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3"},{"key":"1715_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000641","volume":"33","author":"D van Hoeken","year":"2020","unstructured":"van Hoeken D, Hoek HW (2020) Review of the burden of eating disorders: mortality, disability, costs, quality of life, and family burden. Curr Opin Psychiatry 33:521\u2013527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000641","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy342","volume":"109","author":"M Galmiche","year":"2019","unstructured":"Galmiche M, D\u00e9chelotte P, Lambert G, Tavolacci MP (2019) Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000\u20132018 period: a systematic literature review. Am J Clin Nutr 109:1402\u20131413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy342","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1715_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000818","volume":"35","author":"Y Sil\u00e9n","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sil\u00e9n Y, Keski-Rahkonen A (2022) Worldwide prevalence of DSM-5 eating disorders among young people. Curr Opin Psychiatry 35:362\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000818","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3994","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12123994","volume":"12","author":"M Panero","year":"2023","unstructured":"Panero M, Abbate-Daga G (2023) What\u2019s new in research during the current epidemic wave of eating disorders? J Clin Med 12:3994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12123994","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"1715_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-023-01547-2","volume":"28","author":"\u00c2 G\u00fczel","year":"2023","unstructured":"G\u00fczel \u00c2, Mutlu NL, Molendijk M (2023) COVID-19-related changes in eating disorder pathology, emotional and binge eating and need for care: a systematic review with frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses. Eat Weight Disord Stud Anorex Bulim Obes 28:19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-023-01547-2","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord Stud Anorex Bulim Obes"},{"key":"1715_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881120920453","volume":"34","author":"E Cassioli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cassioli E, Sensi C, Mannucci E et al (2020) Pharmacological treatment of acute-phase anorexia nervosa: evidence from randomized controlled trials. J Psychopharmacol 34:864\u2013873. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269881120920453","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"1715_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104857","volume":"142","author":"AM Monteleone","year":"2022","unstructured":"Monteleone AM, Pellegrino F, Croatto G et al (2022) Treatment of eating disorders: a systematic meta-review of meta-analyses and network meta-analyses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 142:104857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104857","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2023.115357","volume":"327","author":"A Argyrou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Argyrou A, Lappas AS, Bakaloudi DR et al (2023) Pharmacotherapy compared to placebo for people with Bulimia Nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 327:115357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2023.115357","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"1715_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2174\/1874205X01913010022","volume":"13","author":"W Milano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Milano W, Capasso A (2019) Psychopharmacological options in the multidisciplinary and multidimensional treatment of eating disorders. Open Neurol J 13:22\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874205X01913010022","journal-title":"Open Neurol J"},{"key":"1715_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2020-1099","volume":"43","author":"M Solmi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Solmi M, Radua J, Stubbs B et al (2021) Risk factors for eating disorders: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses. Braz J Psychiatry 43:314\u2013323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1516-4446-2020-1099","journal-title":"Braz J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-023-00517-0","volume":"12","author":"CM Grilo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Grilo CM, Juarascio A (2023) Binge-eating disorder interventions: review, current status, and implications. Curr Obes Rep 12:406\u2013416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13679-023-00517-0","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"key":"1715_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2020.1790270","volume":"30","author":"SB Murray","year":"2022","unstructured":"Murray SB, Strober M, Tadayonnejad R et al (2022) Neurosurgery and neuromodulation for anorexia nervosa in the 21st century: a systematic review of treatment outcomes. Eat Disord 30:26\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10640266.2020.1790270","journal-title":"Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2256","volume":"21","author":"J McClelland","year":"2013","unstructured":"McClelland J, Bozhilova N, Campbell I, Schmidt U (2013) A systematic review of the effects of neuromodulation on eating and body weight: evidence from human and animal studies. Eur Eat Disord Rev 21:436\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2256","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562231159514","volume":"31","author":"A Phillipou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Phillipou A, McGorry P, Killackey E, Maguire S (2023) Eating disorders in young people. Australas Psychiatry 31:346\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10398562231159514","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2023.2465","volume":"66","author":"J Tiller","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tiller J, Maguire T, Newman-Taylor K (2023) Early intervention in psychosis services: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of barriers and facilitators to seeking access. Eur Psychiatry 66:e92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2023.2465","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1979.tb01634.x","volume":"21","author":"AH Crisp","year":"1979","unstructured":"Crisp AH (1979) Early recognition and prevention of Anorexia Nervosa. Dev Med Child Neurol 21:393\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1979.tb01634.x","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"1715_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1982.03970470029007","volume":"136","author":"DB Herzog","year":"1982","unstructured":"Herzog DB (1982) Bulimia in the adolescent. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 136:985. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpedi.1982.03970470029007","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"1715_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3109\/01612848209141046","volume":"4","author":"M Johnson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Johnson M (1982) Anorexia nervosa: framework for early identification and intervention. Issues Ment Health Nurs 4:87\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/01612848209141046","journal-title":"Issues Ment Health Nurs"},{"key":"1715_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-108X(199701)21:1<1::AID-EAT1>3.0.CO;2-R","volume":"21","author":"C Schoemaker","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schoemaker C (1997) Does early intervention improve the prognosis in anorexia nervosa? A systematic review of the treatment-outcome literature. Int J Eat Disord 21:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1098-108X(199701)21:1%3c1::AID-EAT1%3e3.0.CO;2-R","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1080\/09638230500347939","volume":"14","author":"L Currin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Currin L, Schmidt U (2005) A critical analysis of the utility of an early intervention approach in the eating disorders. J Ment Health 14:611\u2013624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638230500347939","journal-title":"J Ment Health"},{"key":"1715_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12170","volume":"9","author":"J Treasure","year":"2015","unstructured":"Treasure J, Stein D, Maguire S (2015) Has the time come for a staging model to map the course of eating disorders from high risk to severe enduring illness? An examination of the evidence. Early Interv Psychiatry 9:173\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eip.12170","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23373","volume":"53","author":"M Radunz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Radunz M, Keegan E, Osenk I, Wade TD (2020) Relationship between eating disorder duration and treatment outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 53:1761\u20131773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23373","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24069","volume":"56","author":"A Gumz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gumz A, Reuter L, L\u00f6we B et al (2023) Factors influencing the duration of untreated illness among patients with anorexia nervosa <scp>: a<\/scp> multicenter and multi-informant study. Int J Eat Disord 56:2315\u20132327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.24069","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.722","volume":"14","author":"W Vandereycken","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vandereycken W (2006) Denial of illness in anorexia nervosa\u2014a conceptual review: part 2 different forms and meanings. Eur Eat Disord Rev 14:352\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.722","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23845","volume":"56","author":"M Radunz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Radunz M, Ali K, Wade TD (2023) Pathways to improve early intervention for eating disorders: Findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 56:314\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23845","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22598","volume":"50","author":"K Ali","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ali K, Farrer L, Fassnacht DB et al (2017) Perceived barriers and facilitators towards help-seeking for eating disorders: a systematic review. Int J Eat Disord 50:9\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22598","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-294","volume":"13","author":"G Abbate-Daga","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abbate-Daga G, Amianto F, Delsedime N et al (2013) Resistance to treatment and change in anorexia nervosa: a clinical overview. BMC Psychiatry 13:294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-244X-13-294","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.02273","author":"EC Gregertsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gregertsen EC, Mandy W, Serpell L (2017) The egosyntonic nature of anorexia: an impediment to recovery in anorexia nervosa treatment. Front Psychol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.02273","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"1715_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"003","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1758859","volume":"13","author":"H Nagy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nagy H, Paul T, Jain E et al (2023) A clinical overview of anorexia nervosa and overcoming treatment resistance. Avicenna J Med 13:003\u2013014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0042-1758859","journal-title":"Avicenna J Med"},{"key":"1715_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2023.23","volume":"66","author":"AM Monteleone","year":"2023","unstructured":"Monteleone AM, Barone E, Cascino G et al (2023) Pathways to eating disorder care: a European multicenter study. Eur Psychiatry 66:e36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2023.23","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1177\/00048674211020102","volume":"56","author":"A Hamilton","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hamilton A, Mitchison D, Basten C et al (2022) Understanding treatment delay: perceived barriers preventing treatment-seeking for eating disorders. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 56:248\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00048674211020102","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR36","first-page":"108","volume":"40","author":"M Yeo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yeo M, Hughes E (2011) Eating disorders-early identification in general practice. Aust Fam Physician 40:108\u2013111","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"key":"1715_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101813","volume":"54","author":"KR Wells","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wells KR, Jeacocke NA, Appaneal R et al (2020) The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) and National Eating Disorders Collaboration (NEDC) position statement on disordered eating in high performance sport. Br J Sports Med 54:1247\u20131258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101813","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"1715_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.17050480","volume":"175","author":"KK Anderson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anderson KK, Norman R, MacDougall A et al (2018) Effectiveness of early psychosis intervention: comparison of service users and nonusers in population-based health administrative data. Am J Psychiatry 175:443\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.17050480","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S181","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305018","volume":"109","author":"A Malla","year":"2019","unstructured":"Malla A, McGorry P (2019) Early intervention in psychosis in young people: a population and public health perspective. Am J Public Health 109:S181\u2013S184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305018","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"1715_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2745","volume":"29","author":"A Austin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Austin A, Flynn M, Richards K et al (2021) Duration of untreated eating disorder and relationship to outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. Eur Eat Disord Rev 29:329\u2013345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2745","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1080\/08039488.2017.1366548","volume":"71","author":"K Ranta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ranta K, V\u00e4\u00e4n\u00e4nen J, Fr\u00f6jd S et al (2017) Social phobia, depression and eating disorders during middle adolescence: longitudinal associations and treatment seeking. Nord J Psychiatry 71:605\u2013613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08039488.2017.1366548","journal-title":"Nord J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12984","volume":"60","author":"K Schaumberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schaumberg K, Zerwas S, Goodman E et al (2019) Anxiety disorder symptoms at age 10 predict eating disorder symptoms and diagnoses in adolescence. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 60:686\u2013696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12984","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000666","volume":"130","author":"E Stice","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stice E, Desjardins CD, Rohde P, Shaw H (2021) Sequencing of symptom emergence in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder and relations of prodromal symptoms to future onset of these disorders. J Abnorm Psychol 130:377\u2013387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/abn0000666","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"1715_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4657","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291722001568","volume":"53","author":"Y Yamamiya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yamamiya Y, Desjardins CD, Stice E (2023) Sequencing of symptom emergence in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder in adolescent girls and relations of prodromal symptoms to future onset of these eating disorders. Psychol Med 53:4657\u20134665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291722001568","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1715_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000477","volume":"129","author":"C Christian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Christian C, Perko VL, Vanzhula IA et al (2020) Eating disorder core symptoms and symptom pathways across developmental stages: a network analysis. J Abnorm Psychol 129:177\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/abn0000477","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"1715_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2959","volume":"31","author":"KL Allen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Allen KL, Mountford VA, Elwyn R et al (2023) A framework for conceptualising early intervention for eating disorders. Eur Eat Disord Rev 31:320\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2959","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2147\/AHMT.S115775","volume":"8","author":"R Rienecke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rienecke R (2017) Family-based treatment of eating disorders in adolescents: current insights. Adolesc Health Med Ther 8:69\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/AHMT.S115775","journal-title":"Adolesc Health Med Ther"},{"key":"1715_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00985","author":"KL Loeb","year":"2020","unstructured":"Loeb KL, Weissman RS, Marcus S et al (2020) Family-based treatment for anorexia nervosa symptoms in high-risk youth: a partially-randomized preference-design study. Front Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00985","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12382","volume":"12","author":"A Brown","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brown A, McClelland J, Boysen E et al (2018) The FREED Project (first episode and rapid early intervention in eating disorders): service model, feasibility and acceptability. Early Interv Psychiatry 12:250\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eip.12382","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.13139","volume":"16","author":"A Austin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Austin A, Flynn M, Shearer J et al (2022) The first episode rapid early intervention for eating disorders-upscaled study: clinical outcomes. Early Interv Psychiatry 16:97\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eip.13139","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718002088","volume":"49","author":"SB Murray","year":"2019","unstructured":"Murray SB, Quintana DS, Loeb KL et al (2019) Treatment outcomes for anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychol Med 49:535\u2013544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291718002088","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1715_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.1.19","volume":"130","author":"C Jacobi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jacobi C, Hayward C, de Zwaan M et al (2004) Coming to terms with risk factors for eating disorders: application of risk terminology and suggestions for a general taxonomy. Psychol Bull 130:19\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.130.1.19","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"1715_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-022-00717-4","volume":"11","author":"S Barakat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barakat S, McLean SA, Bryant E et al (2023) Risk factors for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review. J Eat Disord 11:8","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720005474","volume":"51","author":"HJ Watson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Watson HJ, Palmos AB, Hunjan A et al (2021) Genetics of eating disorders in the genome-wide era. Psychol Med 51:2287\u20132297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291720005474","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1715_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01071-z","volume":"25","author":"CM Bulik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bulik CM, Coleman JRI, Hardaway JA et al (2022) Genetics and neurobiology of eating disorders. Nat Neurosci 25:543\u2013554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-022-01071-z","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"1715_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgg.2021.09.005","volume":"49","author":"MC de Jorge","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Jorge MC, Rukh G, Williams MJ et al (2022) Genetics of anorexia nervosa: an overview of genome-wide association studies and emerging biological links. J Genet Genomics 49:1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgg.2021.09.005","journal-title":"J Genet Genomics"},{"key":"1715_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2019.1682930","author":"P Longo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Longo P, Bertorello A, Panero M et al (2019) (2019) Traumatic events and post-traumatic symptoms in anorexia nervosa. Eur J Psychotraumatol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20008198.2019.1682930","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"key":"1715_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23499","volume":"54","author":"S Hayes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hayes S, Linardon J, Kim C, Mitchison D (2021) Understanding the relationship between sexual harassment and eating disorder psychopathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 54:673\u2013689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23499","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.05.010","volume":"276","author":"EC Lloyd","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lloyd EC, Haase AM, Foster CE, Verplanken B (2019) A systematic review of studies probing longitudinal associations between anxiety and anorexia nervosa. Psychiatry Res 276:175\u2013185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.05.010","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"1715_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.01.142","volume":"266","author":"E Marzola","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marzola E, Porliod A, Panero M et al (2020) Affective temperaments and eating psychopathology in anorexia nervosa: Which role for anxious and depressive traits? J Affect Disord 266:374\u2013380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.01.142","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.07.011","volume":"362","author":"E Favaretto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Favaretto E, Bedani F, Brancati GE et al (2024) Synthesising 30 years of clinical experience and scientific insight on affective temperaments in psychiatric disorders: state of the art. J Affect Disord 362:406\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.07.011","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.06.035","volume":"141","author":"DH Drakes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Drakes DH, Fawcett EJ, Rose JP et al (2021) Comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder in individuals with eating disorders: an epidemiological meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 141:176\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.06.035","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"1715_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171100078X","volume":"41","author":"N Micali","year":"2011","unstructured":"Micali N, Hilton K, Natatani E et al (2011) Is childhood OCD a risk factor for eating disorders later in life? A longitudinal study. Psychol Med 41:2507\u20132513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S003329171100078X","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1715_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1407872","author":"M Di Luzio","year":"2024","unstructured":"Di Luzio M, Bellantoni D, Bellantoni AL et al (2024) Similarities and differences between eating disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder in childhood and adolescence: a systematic review. Front Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1407872","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.06.012","volume":"42","author":"B Kenny","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kenny B, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M, Moodie M et al (2022) Bi-directional associations between depressive symptoms and eating disorder symptoms in early adolescence. Body Image 42:246\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.06.012","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"1715_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(18)30180-9","volume":"2","author":"F Solmi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Solmi F, Melamed D, Lewis G, Kirkbride JB (2018) Longitudinal associations between psychotic experiences and disordered eating behaviours in adolescence: a UK population-based study. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2:591\u2013599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2352-4642(18)30180-9","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"key":"1715_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0749-x","volume":"26","author":"R Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang R, Larsen JT, Kuja-Halkola R et al (2021) Familial co-aggregation of schizophrenia and eating disorders in Sweden and Denmark. Mol Psychiatry 26:5389\u20135397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-020-0749-x","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.36131\/cnfioritieditore20220307","volume":"19","author":"M Poletti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poletti M, Preti A, Raballo A (2022) Eating disorders and psychosis as intertwined dimensions of disembodiment: a narrative review. Clin Neuropsychiatry 19:187\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36131\/cnfioritieditore20220307","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2244","volume":"21","author":"V Huke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Huke V, Turk J, Saeidi S et al (2013) Autism spectrum disorders in eating disorder populations: a systematic review. Eur Eat Disord Rev 21:345\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2244","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22643","volume":"49","author":"BP Nazar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nazar BP, Bernardes C, Peachey G et al (2016) The risk of eating disorders comorbid with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 49:1045\u20131057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22643","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23259","volume":"53","author":"E Saure","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saure E, Laasonen M, Lepist\u00f6-Paisley T et al (2020) Characteristics of autism spectrum disorders are associated with longer duration of anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 53:1056\u20131079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23259","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016611","volume":"21","author":"E Ro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ro E, Clark LA (2009) Psychosocial functioning in the context of diagnosis: assessment and theoretical issues. Psychol Assess 21:313\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0016611","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"1715_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mier D, Kirsch P (2015) Social-Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia. pp 397\u2013409","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2015_427"},{"key":"1715_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.13163","volume":"24","author":"ES Gillissie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gillissie ES, Lui LMW, Ceban F et al (2022) Deficits of social cognition in bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bipolar Disord 24:137\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bdi.13163","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.11.035","volume":"132","author":"JL Tauro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tauro JL, Wearne TA, Belevski B et al (2022) Social cognition in female adults with Anorexia Nervosa: a systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 132:197\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.11.035","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2010.61.8.774","volume":"61","author":"LJ Cabassa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cabassa LJ, Ezell JM, Lewis-Fern\u00e1ndez R (2010) Lifestyle interventions for adults with serious mental illness: a systematic literature review. Psychiatr Serv 61:774\u2013782. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/ps.2010.61.8.774","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"1715_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-014-0237-4","volume":"14","author":"P Esch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Esch P, Bocquet V, Pull C et al (2014) The downward spiral of mental disorders and educational attainment: a systematic review on early school leaving. BMC Psychiatry 14:237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-014-0237-4","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720002354","volume":"50","author":"H Dickson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dickson H, Hedges EP, Ma SY et al (2020) Academic achievement and schizophrenia: a systematic meta-analysis. Psychol Med 50:1949\u20131965. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291720002354","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1715_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-023-02560-7","volume":"59","author":"S Agnafors","year":"2024","unstructured":"Agnafors S, Barmark M, Sydsj\u00f6 G (2024) Correction: mental health and academic performance: a study on selection and causation effects from childhood to early adulthood. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 59:199\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00127-023-02560-7","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"1715_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00121-3","volume":"9","author":"NA Crossley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Crossley NA, Alliende LM, Czepielewski LS et al (2022) The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 9:565\u2013573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00121-3","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-6141-y","volume":"18","author":"M Helgesson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Helgesson M, Tingh\u00f6g P, Wang M et al (2018) Trajectories of work disability and unemployment among young adults with common mental disorders. BMC Public Health 18:1228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-018-6141-y","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"1715_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.12.030","volume":"222","author":"V Mousteri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mousteri V, Daly M, Delaney L et al (2019) Adolescent mental health and unemployment over the lifespan: population evidence from Sweden. Soc Sci Med 222:305\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.12.030","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1715_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1037\/prj0000409","volume":"44","author":"B Cloutier","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cloutier B, Francoeur A, Samson C et al (2021) Romantic relationships, sexuality, and psychotic disorders: a systematic review of recent findings. Psychiatr Rehabil J 44:22\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/prj0000409","journal-title":"Psychiatr Rehabil J"},{"key":"1715_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2018.09.011","volume":"114","author":"I Filip\u010di\u0107","year":"2018","unstructured":"Filip\u010di\u0107 I, \u0160imunovi\u0107 Filip\u010di\u0107 I, Gro\u0161i\u0107 V et al (2018) Patterns of chronic physical multimorbidity in psychiatric and general population. J Psychosom Res 114:72\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2018.09.011","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"1715_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30132-4","volume":"6","author":"J Firth","year":"2019","unstructured":"Firth J, Siddiqi N, Koyanagi A et al (2019) The lancet psychiatry commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness. Lancet Psychiatry 6:675\u2013712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30132-4","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2024.152468","volume":"131","author":"E Tomba","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tomba E, Tecuta L, Gardini V et al (2024) Staging models in eating disorders: a systematic scoping review of the literature. Compr Psychiatry 131:152468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.comppsych.2024.152468","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22715","volume":"50","author":"C Broomfield","year":"2017","unstructured":"Broomfield C, Stedal K, Touyz S, Rhodes P (2017) Labeling and defining severe and enduring anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and critical analysis. Int J Eat Disord 50:611\u2013623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22715","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-024-01040-w","volume":"12","author":"MM Voswinkel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Voswinkel MM, Hanegraaff SM, Mares SHW et al (2024) Ethical implications of defining longstanding anorexia nervosa. J Eat Disord 12:77. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40337-024-01040-w","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23246","volume":"53","author":"S Ambwani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ambwani S, Cardi V, Albano G et al (2020) A multicenter audit of outpatient care for adult anorexia nervosa: symptom trajectory, service use, and evidence in support of \u201cearly stage\u201d versus \u201csevere and enduring\u201d classification. Int J Eat Disord 53:1337\u20131348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23246","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(24)00060-9","volume":"11","author":"J Scott","year":"2024","unstructured":"Scott J, Iorfino F, Capon W et al (2024) Staging 2.0: refining transdiagnostic clinical staging frameworks to enhance reliability and utility for youth mental health. Lancet Psychiatry 11:461\u2013471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(24)00060-9","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3109\/07853899209149955","volume":"24","author":"GC Patton","year":"1992","unstructured":"Patton GC (1992) Eating disorders: antecedents, evolution and course. Ann Med 24:281\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/07853899209149955","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"1715_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2020.55","volume":"63","author":"J McClelland","year":"2020","unstructured":"McClelland J, Robinson L, Potterton R et al (2020) Symptom trajectories into eating disorders: a systematic review of longitudinal, nonclinical studies in children\/adolescents. Eur Psychiatry 63:e60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2020.55","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718000752","volume":"48","author":"J Kerr-Gaffney","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kerr-Gaffney J, Harrison A, Tchanturia K (2018) Social anxiety in the eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 48:2477\u20132491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291718000752","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1715_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23366","volume":"53","author":"SC Garcia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garcia SC, Mikhail ME, Keel PK et al (2020) Increased rates of eating disorders and their symptoms in women with major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. Int J Eat Disord 53:1844\u20131854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23366","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2007.07.001","volume":"28","author":"E Pallister","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pallister E, Waller G (2008) Anxiety in the eating disorders: understanding the overlap. Clin Psychol Rev 28:366\u2013386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2007.07.001","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101952","volume":"83","author":"K Schaumberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schaumberg K, Reilly EE, Gorrell S et al (2021) Conceptualizing eating disorder psychopathology using an anxiety disorders framework: evidence and implications for exposure-based clinical research. Clin Psychol Rev 83:101952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101952","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2021.110318","volume":"110","author":"MM Carr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carr MM, Wiedemann AA, Macdonald-Gagnon G, Potenza MN (2021) Impulsivity and compulsivity in binge eating disorder: a systematic review of behavioral studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 110:110318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2021.110318","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23009","volume":"52","author":"SC Dahlenburg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dahlenburg SC, Gleaves DH, Hutchinson AD (2019) Anorexia nervosa and perfectionism: a meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 52:219\u2013229","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22019","volume":"45","author":"KA Halmi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Halmi KA, Bellace D, Berthod S et al (2012) An examination of early childhood perfectionism across anorexia nervosa subtypes. Int J Eat Disord 45:800\u2013807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22019","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113354","volume":"293","author":"M Howard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Howard M, Gregertsen EC, Hindocha C, Serpell L (2020) Impulsivity and compulsivity in anorexia and bulimia nervosa: a systematic review. Psychiatry Res 293:113354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113354","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"1715_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2931","author":"P Longo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Longo P, Bevione F, Amodeo L et al (2024) Perfectionism in anorexia nervosa: associations with clinical picture and personality traits. Clin Psychol Psychother. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpp.2931","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Psychother"},{"key":"1715_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2286","volume":"22","author":"BC Machado","year":"2014","unstructured":"Machado BC, Gon\u00e7alves SF, Martins C et al (2014) Risk factors and antecedent life events in the development of anorexia nervosa: a portuguese case-control study. Eur Eat Disord Rev 22:243\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2286","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-023-00882-0","volume":"11","author":"J-P Charrat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Charrat J-P, Massoubre C, Germain N et al (2023) Systematic review of prospective studies assessing risk factors to predict anorexia nervosa onset. J Eat Disord 11:163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40337-023-00882-0","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-023-00090-4","volume":"1","author":"A Duffy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Duffy A, Goodday SM, Christiansen H et al (2023) The well-being of children at familial risk of severe mental illness: an overlooked yet crucial prevention and early intervention opportunity. Nature Mental Health 1:534\u2013541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44220-023-00090-4","journal-title":"Nature Mental Health"},{"key":"1715_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000076","volume":"24","author":"MA Hameed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hameed MA, Lewis AJ (2016) Offspring of parents with schizophrenia. Harv Rev Psychiatry 24:104\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000076","journal-title":"Harv Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000266","volume":"28","author":"M Poletti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Poletti M, Raballo A (2020) Developmental psychotic risk: toward a neurodevelopmentally informed staging of vulnerability to psychosis. Harv Rev Psychiatry 28:271\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000266","journal-title":"Harv Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20230736","volume":"180","author":"JK Forsyth","year":"2023","unstructured":"Forsyth JK, Bearden CE (2023) Rethinking the first episode of schizophrenia: identifying convergent mechanisms during development and moving toward prediction. Am J Psychiatry 180:792\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.20230736","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720005334","volume":"51","author":"SE Legge","year":"2021","unstructured":"Legge SE, Santoro ML, Periyasamy S et al (2021) Genetic architecture of schizophrenia: a review of major advancements. Psychol Med 51:2168\u20132177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291720005334","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1715_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30057-2","volume":"7","author":"C Davies","year":"2020","unstructured":"Davies C, Segre G, Estrad\u00e9 A et al (2020) Prenatal and perinatal risk and protective factors for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 7:399\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30057-2","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.18040461","volume":"176","author":"A Duffy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duffy A, Goodday S, Keown-Stoneman C, Grof P (2019) The emergent course of bipolar disorder: observations over two decades from the canadian high-risk offspring cohort. Am J Psychiatry 176:720\u2013729. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.18040461","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbx126","volume":"43","author":"M Parellada","year":"2017","unstructured":"Parellada M, Gomez-Vallejo S, Burdeus M, Arango C (2017) Developmental differences between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophr Bull 43:1176\u20131189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbx126","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"1715_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23612","volume":"54","author":"B Mah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mah B, Cibralic S, Hanna J et al (2021) Outcomes for infants whose mothers had an eating disorder in the perinatal period: a systematic review of the evidence. Int J Eat Disord 54:2077\u20132094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23612","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1715_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.1901","volume":"78","author":"A Raballo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A (2021) Applying transgenerational scientific evidence to the next wave of early identification strategies for psychopathological risk\u2014transdiagnostic, developmental, and personalized. JAMA Psychiat 78:1067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.1901","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat"},{"key":"1715_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004453","volume":"4","author":"A Easter","year":"2014","unstructured":"Easter A, Howe LD, Tilling K et al (2014) Growth trajectories in the children of mothers with eating disorders: a longitudinal study. BMJ Open 4:e004453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004453","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"1715_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxt004","volume":"36","author":"F Solmi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Solmi F, Sallis H, Stahl D et al (2014) Low birth weight in the offspring of women with anorexia nervosa. Epidemiol Rev 36:49\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/epirev\/mxt004","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712002188","volume":"43","author":"R Kothari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kothari R, Solmi F, Treasure J, Micali N (2013) The neuropsychological profile of children at high risk of developing an eating disorder. Psychol Med 43:1543\u20131554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291712002188","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1715_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2274","volume":"22","author":"R Kothari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kothari R, Rosinska M, Treasure J, Micali N (2014) The early cognitive development of children at high risk of developing an eating disorder. Eur Eat Disord Rev 22:152\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2274","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1715_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.43947","volume":"5","author":"\u00c4 Mantel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mantel \u00c4, \u00d6rtqvist AK, Hirschberg AL, Stephansson O (2022) Analysis of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring of mothers with eating disorders in Sweden. JAMA Netw Open 5:e2143947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.43947","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"1715_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12112","volume":"55","author":"N Micali","year":"2014","unstructured":"Micali N, Stahl D, Treasure J, Simonoff E (2014) Childhood psychopathology in children of women with eating disorders: understanding risk mechanisms. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 55:124\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12112","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1715_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-020-01057-5","volume":"24","author":"E Marzola","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marzola E, Cavallo F, Panero M et al (2021) The role of prenatal and perinatal factors in eating disorders: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health 24:185\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00737-020-01057-5","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"1715_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-019-00748-y","volume":"24","author":"E Marzola","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marzola E, Fassino S, Migliaretti G et al (2019) Development and validation of the premorbid childhood traits questionnaire (PCT-Q) in eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord Stud Anorexia Bulim Obes 24:815\u2013823. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-019-00748-y","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord Stud Anorexia Bulim Obes"},{"key":"1715_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3005","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-022-01473-9","volume":"27","author":"E Marzola","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marzola E, Panero M, Longo P et al (2022) Research in eating disorders: the misunderstanding of supposing serious mental illnesses as a niche specialty. Eat Weight Disord Stud Anorexia, Bulim Obes 27:3005\u20133016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-022-01473-9","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord Stud Anorexia, Bulim Obes"}],"container-title":["Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01715-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01715-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01715-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T04:45:33Z","timestamp":1737607533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01715-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"references-count":122,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1715"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01715-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was not sought for the present study, because it retrieved and synthesized data from published studies.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All the studies included in this review were assessed for the acquisition of informed consent from participants, as reported in their respective publications.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"9"}}