{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T17:40:13Z","timestamp":1739641213965,"version":"3.37.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eat Weight Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Anxiety due to a phobia of normal body weight is a core feature and maintenance factor of anorexia nervosa (AN). This is the first study to explore the efficacy and acceptability of using a novel imaginal exposure response prevention group to target fears associated with being a normal body weight to reduce anxiety in adolescents with AN.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The lead author adapted an I-ERP manual used to treat AN in adults in 1\u20131 therapy. Content was adapted for an adolescent population, sessions reduced from 10 to 4 and was delivered in a group format with audio recordings to be more accessible for patients. Nineteen patients with AN completed the group and the group therapist collected outcome measures before and after the intervention. A paired samples <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test was used to assess change in eating disorder psychopathology (EDEQ), anxiety and depression (RCAD) and fear of food (FOFM). Qualitative feedback to assess acceptability was also gathered.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Statistically significant reduction in anxiety in a variety of situations pertaining to weight and shape was found after completion of the group. There were no significant changes shown in eating disorder psychopathology. Adolescents provided qualitative feedback which suggested the intervention was acceptable for users.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>I-ERP which has been adapted for adolescents with AN in a group format seems to improve eating disorder psychopathology and reduce weight, shape, social and separation anxiety and phobias when used as an adjuvant to inpatient treatment. Further controlled research is advised.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Level III.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-025-01723-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T17:18:47Z","timestamp":1739639927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A pilot evaluation of the efficacy and acceptability of a novel imaginal exposure prevention (I-ERP) group programme to treat core weight, shape and social fears or phobias in adolescents with anorexia nervosa in an inpatient setting"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Kelsie","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7302-6496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Hubert","family":"Lacey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1723_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4236\/psych.2021.1211112","volume":"2","author":"J Abramowitz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Abramowitz J, Franklin M, Foa E (2002) Empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analytic review. Roman J Cogn Behav Psychother 2:89\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/psych.2021.1211112","journal-title":"Roman J Cogn Behav Psychother"},{"key":"1723_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.11.014","volume":"319","author":"T Agren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Agren T, Bj\u00f6rkstrand J, Fredrikson M (2017) Disruption of human fear reconsolidation using imaginal and in vivo extinction. Behav Brain Res 319:9\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.11.014","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"1723_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders [Preprint]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"1723_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butler RM, O'Day EB, Heimberg RG. Cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder: Being flexible while maintaining fidelity. In: Kendall PC, editors. Flexibility within fidelity: Breathing life into a psychological treatment manual. Oxford University Press. 2022. p. 5\u201324","DOI":"10.1093\/med-psych\/9780197552155.003.0002"},{"issue":"2","key":"1723_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.07.008","volume":"55","author":"RM Butler","year":"2023","unstructured":"Butler RM, Crumby EK, Christian C, Brosof LC, Vanzhula IA, Levinson CA (2023) Facing eating disorder fears: an open trial adapting prolonged exposure to the treatment of eating disorders. Behav Ther 55(2):347\u2013360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beth.2023.07.008","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"key":"1723_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00130-8","volume":"38","author":"BF Chorpita","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chorpita BF, Yim LM, Moffitt CE, Umemoto LA, Francis SE (2000) Assessment of symptoms of DSM-IV anxiety and depression in children: a revised child anxiety and depression scale. Behav Res Ther 38:835\u2013855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00130-8","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"1723_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S211117","volume":"12","author":"C Law","year":"2019","unstructured":"Law C, Boisseau CL (2019) Exposure and response prevention in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: current perspectives. Psychol Res Behav Manag 12:1167\u20131174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PRBM.S211117","journal-title":"Psychol Res Behav Manag"},{"key":"1723_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155","volume":"112","author":"J Cohen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cohen J (1992) A power primer. Psychol Bull 112:155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"7","key":"1723_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1177\/003591577707000705","volume":"70","author":"AH Crisp","year":"1977","unstructured":"Crisp AH (1977) Diagnosis and outcome of anorexia nervosa. Proc R Soc Med 70(7):464\u2013470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/003591577707000705","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"1723_CR10","unstructured":"Crisp AH (1995) Anorexia nervosa let me be. Routledge London ISBN-10: 0863773834 ISBN-13: 978-0863773839"},{"key":"1723_CR11","volume-title":"Abnormal psychology","author":"G Davison","year":"1990","unstructured":"Davison G, Neale J (1990) Abnormal psychology. Wiley, New York"},{"issue":"2","key":"1723_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20207","volume":"39","author":"SS Delinsky","year":"2006","unstructured":"Delinsky SS, Wilson GT (2006) Mirror exposure for the treatment of body image disturbance. Int J Eat Disord 39(2):108\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.20207","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1723_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t03974-000","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Beglin SJ (1994) Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. PsycTESTS Dataset. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/t03974-000","journal-title":"PsycTESTS Dataset"},{"issue":"5","key":"1723_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/s0005-7967(02)00088-8","volume":"41","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Cooper Z, Shafran R (2003) Cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders: a \u201ctransdiagnostic\u201d theory and treatment. Behav Res Therapy 41(5):509\u2013528. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0005-7967(02)00088-8","journal-title":"Behav Res Therapy"},{"key":"1723_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Foa EB, Hembree E, Rothbaum B (2007) Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD: Therapist guide. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/med:psych\/9780195308501.001.0001","DOI":"10.1093\/med:psych\/9780195308501.001.0001"},{"key":"1723_CR16","volume-title":"Prolonged exposure therapy for adolescents with PTSD: Emotional processing of traumatic experiences: therapist guide","author":"EB Foa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Foa EB, Chrestman KR, Gilboa-Schechtman E (2009) Prolonged exposure therapy for adolescents with PTSD: Emotional processing of traumatic experiences: therapist guide. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"key":"1723_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.101771","volume":"74","author":"KA Glashouwer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Glashouwer KA, Van Der Veer RM, Adipatria F, De Jong PJ, Vocks S (2019) The role of body image disturbance in the onset, maintenance, and relapse of anorexia nervosa: a systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 74:101771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.101771","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1723_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-375096-9.00015-8","volume-title":"Social anxiety","author":"RG Heimberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Heimberg RG, Brozovich FA, Rapee RM (2010) A cognitive behavioral model of social anxiety disorder. Social anxiety. Elsevier, pp 395\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-375096-9.00015-8"},{"key":"1723_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2012.09.004","author":"T Hildebrandt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hildebrandt T, Loeb K, Troup S (2012) Adjunctive mirror exposure for eating disorders: a randomized controlled pilot study. Behav Res Therapy. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2012.09.004","journal-title":"Behav Res Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"1723_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2008.01270.x","volume":"119","author":"H J\u00f3nsson","year":"2008","unstructured":"J\u00f3nsson H, Hougaard E (2008) Group cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 119(2):98\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2008.01270.x","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"1723_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.1002","volume":"31","author":"A Key","year":"2002","unstructured":"Key A, George CL, Beattie D, Stammers K, Lacey H, Waller G (2002) Body image treatment within an inpatient program for anorexia nervosa: the role of mirror exposure in the desensitization process. Int J Eat Disord 31(2):185\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.1002","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"1723_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1891\/1933-3196.2.1.57","volume":"2","author":"D Kim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kim D, Bae H, Chon Park Y (2008) Validity of the subjective units of disturbance scale in EMDR. J EMDR Pract Res 2(1):57\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/1933-3196.2.1.57","journal-title":"J EMDR Pract Res"},{"key":"1723_CR23","unstructured":"Koran LM, Simpson HB (2013) Guideline watch (March 2013): practice guideline for the treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. APA Pract Guidel"},{"key":"1723_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lacey JH, Sly R (2015) Severe and enduring anorexia nervosa : diagnosis, features and radical treatment approaches Wiley Handbook of Eating Disorders. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781118574089.ch12","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118574089.ch12"},{"key":"1723_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1986.tb00382.x","author":"JH Lacey","year":"1986","unstructured":"Lacey JH (1986) The Impulsivist: a multi-impulsive personality disorder. Br J Addict. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1986.tb00382.x","journal-title":"Br J Addict"},{"issue":"3","key":"1723_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22344","volume":"48","author":"CA Levinson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levinson CA, Byrne M (2014) The fear of food measure: a novel measure for use in exposure therapy for eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 48(3):271\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22344","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1723_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-014-0115-6","volume":"19","author":"CA Levinson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levinson CA, Rapp J, Riley EN (2014) Addressing the fear of fat: extending imaginal exposure therapy for anxiety disorders to anorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord EWD 19(4):521\u2013524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-014-0115-6","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord EWD"},{"key":"1723_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2019.05.001","volume":"34","author":"CA Levinson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Levinson CA, Brosof LC, Ram SS, Pruitt A, Russell S, Lenze EJ (2019) Obsessions are strongly related to eating disorder symptoms in anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa. Eat Behav 34:101298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2019.05.001","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"key":"1723_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.075","volume":"276","author":"CA Levinson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Levinson CA, Christian C, Ram SS, Vanzhula I, Brosof LC, Michelson LP, Williams BM (2020) Eating disorder symptoms and core eating disorder fears decrease during online imaginal exposure therapy for eating disorders. J Affect Disord 276:585\u2013591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.075","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1723_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.003","volume":"277","author":"L Mandelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mandelli L, Draghetti S, Albert U, De Ronchi D, Atti AR (2020) Rates of comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder in eating disorders: A meta-analysis of the literature. J Affect Disord 277:927\u2013939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.003","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"1723_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2249","volume":"22","author":"JF Morgan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morgan JF, Lazarova S, Schelhase M, Saeidi S (2013) Ten session body image therapy: efficacy of a manualised body image therapy. Eur Eat Disord Rev 22(1):66\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2249","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1723_CR32","first-page":"102","volume":"17","author":"OH Mowrer","year":"1947","unstructured":"Mowrer OH (1947) On the dual nature of learning\u2014a re-interpretation of \u201cconditioning\u201d and \u201cproblem-solving.\u201d Harv Educ Rev 17:102\u2013148","journal-title":"Harv Educ Rev"},{"key":"1723_CR33","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2005). Eating Disorders\/Guidance,\nLondon"},{"issue":"3","key":"1723_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)00141-q","volume":"39","author":"S Nozoe","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nozoe S, Soejima Y, Yoshioka M, Naruo T, Masuda A, Nagai N, Tanaka H (1995) Clinical features of patients with anorexia nervosa: assessment of factors influencing the duration of in-patient treatment. J Psychosom Res 39(3):271\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3999(94)00141-q","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"1723_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.04.022","volume":"218","author":"JA Piqueras","year":"2017","unstructured":"Piqueras JA, Mart\u00edn-Vivar M, Sandin B, San Luis C, Pineda D (2017) The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale: a systematic review and reliability generalization meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 218:153\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2017.04.022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1723_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.03.015","volume":"88","author":"A Pittig","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pittig A, Treanor M, LeBeau RT, Craske MG (2018) The role of associative fear and avoidance learning in anxiety disorders: Gaps and directions for future research. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 88:117\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.03.015","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1723_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2008.09.012","volume":"92","author":"CH Rankin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rankin CH, Abrams T, Barry RJ, Bhatnagar S, Clayton DF, Colombo J, Coppola G, Geyer MA, Glanzman DL, Marsland S, McSweeney FK, Wilson DA, Wu CF, Thompson RF (2009) Habituation revisited: an updated and revised description of the behavioral characteristics of habituation. Neurobiol Learn Mem 92(2):135\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nlm.2008.09.012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"issue":"1","key":"1723_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2050-2974-1-42","volume":"1","author":"JS Rose","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rose JS, Vaewsorn A, Rosselli-Navarra F, Wilson GT, Weissman RS (2013) Test-retest reliability of the eating disorder examination-questionnaire (EDE-Q) in a college sample. J Eat Disord 1(1):1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2050-2974-1-42","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1723_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20936","volume":"45","author":"J Steinglass","year":"2011","unstructured":"Steinglass J, Albano AM, Simpson HB, Carpenter K, Schebendach J, Attia E (2011) Fear of food as a treatment target: exposure and response prevention for anorexia nervosa in an open series. Int J Eat Disord 45(4):615\u2013621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.20936","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"1723_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22214","volume":"47","author":"JE Steinglass","year":"2014","unstructured":"Steinglass JE, Albano AM, Simpson HB, Wang Y, Zou J, Attia E, Walsh BT (2014) Confronting fear using exposure and response prevention for anorexia nervosa: a randomized controlled pilot study. Int J Eat Disord 47(2):174\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22214","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1723_CR41","volume-title":"Behaviorism","author":"JB Watson","year":"1924","unstructured":"Watson JB (1924) Behaviorism. Norton, New York"},{"issue":"3","key":"1723_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(72)90043-5","volume":"10","author":"JP Watson","year":"1972","unstructured":"Watson JP, Gaind R, Marks IM (1972) Physiological habituation to continuous phobic stimulation. Behav Res Therapy 10(3):269\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0005-7967(72)90043-5","journal-title":"Behav Res Therapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"1723_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20730","volume":"43","author":"JE Wildes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wildes JE, Ringham RM, Marcus MD (2009) Emotion avoidance in patients with anorexia nervosa: Initial test of a functional model. Int J Eat Disord 43(5):398\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.20730","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1723_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t05183-000","author":"J Wolpe","year":"1969","unstructured":"Wolpe J (1969) Subjective units of distress scale. PsycTESTS Dataset. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/t05183-000","journal-title":"PsycTESTS Dataset"},{"issue":"3","key":"1723_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2022.04.005","volume":"30","author":"LA Zoellner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zoellner LA et al (2023) Brief imaginal exposure for PTSD: Trajectories of change in distress. Cogn Behav Pract 30(3):341\u2013353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpra.2022.04.005","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Pract"}],"container-title":["Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01723-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01723-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01723-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T17:18:54Z","timestamp":1739639934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01723-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1723"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-025-01723-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of Schoen Newbridge House Research & Ethics Committee and have been performed with the ethical standards as laid down by the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. The West Midlands-Black Country NHS Ethics Committee did not consider formal ethics were required because this was a paper-based and exploratory pilot study on therapy routinely provided for every patient.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed written consent was gained from all patients and their parents.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"16"}}