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Evidence suggests that tendencies towards OrNe may be prevalent across diet groups, and this is particularly the case in vegans and vegetarians. Our previous work has identified that alongside individual differences in obsessive compulsiveness and perfectionism, cognitive biases (attentional preference for healthy-related cues) are associated with OrNe, whereas explicit identity (as a vegan\/vegetarian) is only associated with a healthy orthorexia form. No work has assessed whether one\u2019s known identity (explicit identity) or that form of identity which is based on fast acting cognitive associations (implicit identity) further differentiate healthy orthorexia from OrNe tendencies in addition to compulsiveness and perfectionism. One hundred and forty-four self-identified vegans (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200945), vegetarians (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200950) and meat-eaters (omnivores) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200949) (66 females, 74 males, 4 non-binary; <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic> age\u2009=\u200935.09) completed measures of current hunger status, obsessive compulsivity, perfectionism, the Teruel Orthorexia Scale, perceived identity centrality as a vegan\/vegetarian (explicit identity) and a \u201cself as vegan\/vegetarian\u201d implicit association test (implicit identity). Results showed increased orthorexia tendencies in both vegans and vegetarians compared to meat eaters (omnivores) but only in terms of healthy orthorexia. In addition, no differences were shown for OrNe suggesting the diet type is not influential in pathological orthorexia. Explicit identity and current hunger status were both shown to be associated with healthy orthorexia and not OrNe. Implicit identity as a vegan\/vegetarian was unrelated to both dimensions, while compulsiveness and perfectionism predicted OrNe. Despite individuals implicitly associating the self with being a vegan\/vegetarian, this identity does not serve as a maker of orthorexia nervosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-025-01734-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T07:23:27Z","timestamp":1742282607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Patterns of implicit and explicit identity as a vegan or vegetarian in predicting healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ian P.","family":"Albery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Frings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcantonio","family":"Spada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1734_CR1","first-page":"68","volume":"1","author":"IP Albery","year":"2015","unstructured":"Albery IP, Sharma D, Noyce S, Frings D, Moss AC (2015) Testing a frequency of exposure hypothesis in attentional bias for alcohol-related stimuli amongst social drinkers. 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