{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T18:07:06Z","timestamp":1761156426862},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]],"date-time":"2018-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Vice Chancellor of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","award":["5\/97\/515"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5\/97\/515"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aging Clin Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-018-0892-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]],"date-time":"2018-01-16T05:32:06Z","timestamp":1516080726000},"page":"1117-1125","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Geriatric nutritional risk index as a simple tool for assessment of malnutrition among geriatrics in Northwest of Iran: comparison with mini nutritional assessment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Saghafi-Asl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elnaz","family":"Vaghef-Mehrabany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nahid","family":"Karamzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lida","family":"Daeiefarshbaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parinaz","family":"Kalejahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Asghari-Jafarabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"892_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2015) 10 facts on aging and life course. \n                    http:\/\/www.whoint\/topics\/ageing\/en\/htm\n                    \n                  . Accessed 2 Dec 2016"},{"key":"892_CR2","first-page":"326","volume":"2","author":"M Mirzaie","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mirzaie M, Shams M (2007) Demographic of elderly in Iran based on 1956\u20132006 headcounts. Salmand 2:326\u2013331 [Persian]","journal-title":"Salmand"},{"key":"892_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2007.03.005","volume":"121","author":"M Gilhooly","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gilhooly M, Hanlon P, Mowat H, Cullen B, Macdonald S, Whyte B (2007) Successful ageing in an area of deprivation: Part 1-A qualitative exploration of the role of life experiences in good health in old age. Public health 121:807\u2013813","journal-title":"Public health"},{"key":"892_CR4","first-page":"368","volume-title":"Krause\u2019s food and the nutrition care process","author":"NS Wellman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wellman NS, Kamp B (2017) Nutrition in Aging. In: Mahan LK, Raymond JL (eds) Krause\u2019s food and the nutrition care process, 14th\u00a0edn. Elsevier, St. Louis, p.\u00a0368","edition":"14"},{"key":"892_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-8-54","volume":"8","author":"M Oliveira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oliveira M, Fogaca K, Leandro-Merhi VA (2009) Nutritional status and functional capacity of hospitalized elderly. Nutr J 8:54","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"892_CR6","first-page":"i89-i93","volume":"29","author":"JE Morley","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morley JE (2012) Undernutrition in older adults. Fam pract 29:i89-i93","journal-title":"Fam pract"},{"key":"892_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/00075197-200101000-00002","volume":"4","author":"B Vellas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Vellas B, Lauque S, Andrieu S, Nourhashemi F, Rolland Y, Baumgartner R, Garry P (2001) Nutrition assessment in the elderly. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 4:5\u20138","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"892_CR8","first-page":"3","volume":"1","author":"MT Joghataei","year":"2006","unstructured":"Joghataei MT, Nejati V (2006) Assessment of health status of elderly people in the city of kashan. Salmand 1:3\u201310 [Persian]","journal-title":"Salmand"},{"key":"892_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2010.64","volume":"64","author":"T Drescher","year":"2010","unstructured":"Drescher T, Singler K, Ulrich A, Koller M, Keller U, Christ-Crain M, Kressig W R (2010) Comparison of two malnutrition risk screening methods (MNA and NRS 2002) and their association with markers of protein malnutrition in geriatric hospitalized patients. Eur J Clin Nutr 64:887\u2013893","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR10","first-page":"590","volume":"27","author":"P Dur\u00e1n Alert","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dur\u00e1n Alert P, Mil\u00e0 Villarroel R, Formiga F, Virgili Casas N, Vilarasau Farr\u00e9 C (2012) Assessing risk screening methods of malnutrition in geriatric patients: Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) versus Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI). Nutr Hosp 27:590\u2013598","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"892_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/21551197.2012.678214","volume":"31","author":"E Dent","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dent E, Visvanathan R, Piantadosi C, Chapman I (2012) Nutritional screening tools as predictors of mortality, functional decline, and move to higher level care in older people: a systematic review. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 31:97\u2013145","journal-title":"J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"892_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12169","volume":"14","author":"T Kamo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kamo T, Nishida Y (2013) Direct and indirect effects of nutritional status, physical function and cognitive function on activities of daily living in Japanese older adults requiring long-term care. Geriatr Gerontol Int 14:799\u2013805","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"892_CR13","first-page":"627","volume":"26","author":"G Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim G, Kim H, Kim Y, Kim HJ, Son JI, Kim SY, Chang N (2012) Relationship of cognitive function with plasma homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12 levels and nutrient intake in cognitively impaired elderly. FASEB J 26:627","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"892_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12252","volume":"14","author":"S Ogawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ogawa S (2014) Nutritional management of older adults with cognitive decline and dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 14:17\u201322","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"892_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1159\/000327351","volume":"58","author":"E Fabian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fabian E, Bogner M, Kickinger A, Wagner KH, Elmadfa I (2011) Intake of medication and vitamin status in the elderly. Ann Nutr Metab 58:118\u2013125","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"892_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0690(02)00059-9","volume":"18","author":"Y Guigoz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Guigoz Y, Lauque S, Vellas BJ (2002) Identifying the elderly at risk for malnutrition: the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Clin Geriatr Med 18:737\u2013757","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med"},{"key":"892_CR17","first-page":"45","volume":"2","author":"M Aliabadi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aliabadi M, Kimiaghar M, Ghior Mobarhan M, Ielati Faizabadi AA (2007) Prevalence of malnutrition and some related factors in Khorasan Razavi Province. Iran J Nutr Food Sci 2:45\u201356 (Persian)","journal-title":"Iran J Nutr Food Sci"},{"key":"892_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2004.08.023","volume":"21","author":"M Kuzuya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kuzuya M, Kanda S, Koike T, Suzuki Y, Satake S, Iguchi A (2005) Evaluation of mini-nutritional assessment for Japanese frail elderly. Nutrition 21:498\u2013503","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"892_CR19","first-page":"421","volume":"11","author":"L Donini","year":"2007","unstructured":"Donini L, Savina C, Rosano A, Cannella C (2007) Systematic review of nutritional status evaluation and screening tools in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 11:421","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"892_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2006.09.007","volume":"26","author":"E Cereda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cereda E, Vanotti A (2007) The new Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index is a good predictor of muscle dysfunction in institutionalized older patients. Clin Nutr 26:78\u201383","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2007.09.006","volume":"27","author":"E Cereda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cereda E, Vanotti A (2008) Short dietary assessment improves muscle dysfunction identification by Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in uncomplicated institutionalised patients over 70 years old. Clin Nutr 27:126\u2013132","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2008.10719718","volume":"27","author":"E Cereda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cereda E, Pusani C, Limonta D, Vanotti A (2008) The association of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and total lymphocyte count with short-term nutrition-related complications in institutionalised elderly. J Am Coll Nutr 27:406\u2013413","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1985.tb02276.x","volume":"33","author":"WC Chumlea","year":"1985","unstructured":"Chumlea WC, Roche AF, Steinbaugh ML (1985) Estimating stature from knee height for persons 60 to 90 years of age. J Am Geriatr Soc 33:116\u2013120","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"892_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.4.777","volume":"82","author":"O Bouillanne","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bouillanne O, Morineau G, Dupont C, Coulombel I, Vincent JP, Nicolis I, Benazeth S, Cynober L, Aussel C (2005) Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index: a new index for evaluating at-risk elderly medical patients. Am J Clin Nutr 82:777\u2013783","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2116","volume":"20","author":"J Jyrkk\u00e4","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jyrkk\u00e4 J, Enlund H, Lavikainen P, Sulkava R, Hartikainen S (2011) Association of polypharmacy with nutritional status, functional ability and cognitive capacity over a three-year period in an elderly population. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 20:514\u2013522","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"892_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.2014.994743","volume":"54","author":"L Ghazi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ghazi L, Fereshtehnejad SM, AbbasiFard S, Sadeghi M, Shahidi GA, L\u00f6kk J (2015) Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) is rather a reliable and valid instrument to assess nutritional status in Iranian healthy adults and elderly with a chronic disease. Ecol Food Nutr 54:342\u2013357","journal-title":"Ecol Food Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2013.04.008","volume":"33","author":"Bokhorst-de Schueren vanvan der","year":"2014","unstructured":"van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren, Guaitoli MA, Jansma PR, de Vet EP HC (2014) Nutrition screening tools: does one size fit all? A systematic review of screening tools for the hospital setting. Clin Nutr 33:39\u201358","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Landis JR, Koch GG (1997) The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33:159\u2013174","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"892_CR29","first-page":"1108","volume":"33","author":"WM Abd-El-Gawad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abd-El-Gawad WM, Abou-Hashem RM, El Maraghy MO, Amin GE (2014) The validity of Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index: simple tool for prediction of nutritional-related complication of hospitalized elderly patients. Comparison with Mini Nutritional Assessment. Clin Nurt 33:1108\u20131116","journal-title":"Clin Nurt"},{"key":"892_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509222677","volume":"102","author":"E Cereda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cereda E, Pusani C, Limonta D, Vanotti A (2009) The ability of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index to assess the nutritional status and predict the outcome of home-care resident elderly: a comparison with the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Br J Nutr 102:563\u2013570","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2011.11.017","volume":"31","author":"KA Poulia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poulia KA, Yannakoulia M, Karageorgou D, Gamaletsou M, Panagiotakos DB, Sipsas NV, Zampelas A (2012) Evaluation of the efficacy of six nutritional screening tools to predict malnutrition in the elderly. Clin Nutr 31:378\u2013385","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR32","first-page":"2165","volume":"28","author":"C G\u00f3mez-Candela","year":"2013","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Candela C, Serrano Labajos R, Garc\u00eda-Vazquez N, Valero P\u00e9rez M, Morato Mart\u00ednez M, Santurino Fontecha C, Gonz\u00e1lez Madro\u00f1o A, Palma-Milla S; Comisi\u00f3n de Nutrici\u00f3n del Hospital Universitario La Paz (2013) Complete process of implantation of a nutritional risk screening system in the University Hospital La Paz, Madrid. Nutr Hosp 28:2165\u20132174 (In Spanish)","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"892_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2012.00018","volume":"33","author":"SH Kang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kang SH, Cho KH, Park JW, Woo Yoon K, Do JY (2013) Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a prognostic factor in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 33:405\u2013410","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"892_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.4162\/nrp.2015.9.6.637","volume":"9","author":"MH Baek","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baek MH, Heo YR (2015) Evaluation of the efficacy of nutritional screening tools to predict malnutrition in the elderly at a geriatric care hospital. Nutr Res Pract 9:637\u2013643","journal-title":"Nutr Res Pract"},{"key":"892_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.152445","volume":"26","author":"M Edalat-Nejad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Edalat-Nejad M, Zameni F, Qlich-Khani M, Salehi F (2015) Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index: a mortality predictor in hemodialysis patients. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 26:302\u2013308","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"892_CR36","first-page":"196","volume":"31","author":"R Campos del Portillo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Campos del Portillo R, Palma MiIla S, Garc\u00eda V\u00e1quez N, Plaza L\u00f3pez B, Bermejo L\u00f3pez L, Riob\u00f3 Serv\u00e1n P, Garc\u00eda-Luna PP, G\u00f3mez-Candela C (2015) Assessment of nutritional status in the healthcare setting in Spain. Nutr Hosp 31:196\u2013208","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"892_CR37","first-page":"221","volume":"9","author":"AH Ranhoff","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ranhoff AH, Gj\u00f8en AU, Mow\u00e9 M (2005) Screening for malnutrition in elderly acute medical patients: the usefulness of MNA-SF. J Nutr Health Aging 9:221\u2013225","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"892_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2010.03667.x","volume":"20","author":"F Neelemaat","year":"2011","unstructured":"Neelemaat F, Meijers J, Kruizenga H, van Ballegooijen H, van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren M (2011) Comparison of five malnutrition screening tools in one hospital inpatient sample. J Clin Nurs 20:2144\u20132152","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"892_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.05.045","volume":"118","author":"Y Honda","year":"2016","unstructured":"Honda Y, Nagai T, Iwakami N, Sugano Y, Honda S, Okada A, Asaumi Y, Aiba T, Noguchi T, Kusano K, Ogawa H, Yasuda S, Anzai T, NaDEF investigators (2016) Usefulness of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index for assessing nutritional status and its prognostic impact in patients aged \u2265\u00a065 years with acute heart failure. Am J Cardiol 118:550\u2013555","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"892_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-014-0233-z","volume":"26","author":"KP Izawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Izawa KP, Watanabe S, Oka K, Osada N, Omiya K, Brubaker PH, Shimizu H (2014) Differences in daily in-hospital physical activity and geriatric nutritional risk index in older cardiac inpatients: preliminary results. Aging Clin Exp Res 26:599\u2013605","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"892_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-015-0520-3","volume":"28","author":"KP Izawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Izawa KP, Watanabe S (2016) Relation of nutritional status to physiological outcomes after cardiac surgery in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus: a preliminary study. Aging Clin Exp Res 28:1267\u20131271","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"892_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-011-0355-3","volume":"16","author":"K Kubota","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kubota K, Kadomura T, Ohta K, Koyama K, Okuda H, Kobayashi M, Ishii C, Fujiwara Y, Nishiora T, Ohmae Y, Ohmae T, Kitajima M (2012) Analyses of laboratory data and establishment of reference values and intervals for healthy elderly people. J Nutr Health Aging 16:412\u2013416","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"892_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602289","volume":"60","author":"G Sergi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sergi G, Coin A, Enzi G, Volpato S, Inelmen EM, Buttarello M, Peloso M, Mulone S, Marin S, Bonometto P (2006) Role of visceral proteins in detecting malnutrition in the elderly. Eur J Clin Nutr 60:203\u2013209","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"892_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00627.2006","volume":"102","author":"MA Schrager","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schrager MA, Metter EJ, Simonsick E, Ble A, Bandinelli S, Lauretani F, Ferrucci L (2007) Sarcopenic obesity and inflammationin the InCHIANTI study. J Appl Physiol 102:919\u2013925","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"892_CR45","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2012) Nutrition for older persons. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. \n                    http:\/\/www.who.int\/nutrition\/topics\/ageing\/en\/index1.html\n                    \n                  . Accessed 15 Nov 2012"},{"key":"892_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601024","volume":"54","author":"R Roubenoff","year":"2000","unstructured":"Roubenoff R (2000) Sarcopenia and its implication for the elderly. Eur J Clin Nutr 54:S40\u2013S47","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"}],"container-title":["Aging Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40520-018-0892-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40520-018-0892-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40520-018-0892-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]],"date-time":"2019-01-16T00:44:12Z","timestamp":1547599452000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40520-018-0892-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["892"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-018-0892-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1720-8319"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1720-8319","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 August 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"We declare herein that we have no conflict of interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki, and all procedures involving human subjects were approved by the ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Ethics code:TBZMED.REC.1394.24).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}