{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:06:54Z","timestamp":1787162814526,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]],"date-time":"2019-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]],"date-time":"2019-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aging Clin Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01422-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]],"date-time":"2019-11-25T07:02:22Z","timestamp":1574665342000},"page":"827-833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Activity-based occupational therapy intervention for delirium superimposed on dementia in nursing home setting: a feasibility study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Pozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Lanzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Lucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Salimbeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc Pieter","family":"DeVreese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Bellelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Fabbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4848-2507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Morandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1422_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association A","year":"2013","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association A (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edn. APA, Washington","edition":"5"},{"key":"1422_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2012.04199.x","volume":"60","author":"A Morandi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morandi A, McCurley J, Vasilevskis EE et al (2012) Tools to detect delirium superimposed on dementia: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc 60:2005\u20132013","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"1422_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50468.x","volume":"50","author":"DM Fick","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fick DM, Agostini JV, Inouye SK (2002) Delirium superimposed on dementia: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc 50:1723\u20131732","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"1422_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.055335","volume":"195","author":"EL Sampson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sampson EL, Blanchard MR, Jones L et al (2009) Dementia in the acute hospital: prospective cohort study of prevalence and mortality. Br J Psychiatry 195:61\u201366","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1422_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.2077","volume":"8","author":"DM Fick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fick DM, Steis MR, Waller JL et al (2013) Delirium superimposed on dementia is associated with prolonged length of stay and poor outcomes in hospitalized older adults. J Hosp Med 8:500\u2013505","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"key":"1422_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/62.11.1306","volume":"62","author":"G Bellelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bellelli G, Frisoni GB, Turco R et al (2007) Delirium superimposed on dementia predicts 12-month survival in elderly patients discharged from a postacute rehabilitation facility. J Gerontol Ser A Biol Sci Med Sci 62:1306\u20131309","journal-title":"J Gerontol Ser A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"1422_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.12.084","volume":"15","author":"A Morandi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morandi A, Davis D, Fick DM et al (2014) Delirium superimposed on dementia strongly predicts worse outcomes in older rehabilitation inpatients. J Am Med Dir Assoc 15:349\u2013354","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"1422_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2015.07.010","volume":"79","author":"A Morandi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Morandi A, Lucchi E, Turco R et al (2015) Delirium superimposed on dementia: a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of patient experience. J Psychosom Res 79:281\u2013287","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"1422_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2015.06.012","volume":"79","author":"A Morandi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Morandi A, Lucchi E, Turco R et al (2015) Delirium superimposed on dementia: a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of informal caregivers and health care staff experience. J Psychosom Res 79:272\u2013280","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"1422_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01194-7","author":"E Grossi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grossi E, Lucchi E, Gentile S (2019) Preliminary investigation of predictors of distress in informal caregivers of patients with delirium superimposed on dementia. Aging Clin Exp Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-019-01194-7","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"1422_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14076","volume":"64","author":"KJ Neufeld","year":"2016","unstructured":"Neufeld KJ, Yue J, Robinson TN (2016) Antipsychotic medication for prevention and treatment of delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc 64:705\u2013714","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"1422_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1159\/000017177","volume":"10","author":"SK Inouye","year":"1999","unstructured":"Inouye SK (1999) Predisposing and precipitating factors for delirium in hospitalized older patients. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 10:393\u2013400","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"1422_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-016-0719-9","volume":"20","author":"I Abraha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abraha I, Rimland JM, Trotta F et al (2016) Non-pharmacological interventions to prevent or treat delirium in older patients: clinical practice recommendations The SENATOR-ONTOP series. J Nutr Health Aging 20:927\u2013936","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"1422_CR14","first-page":"CD005563","volume":"11","author":"N Siddiqi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Siddiqi N, Harrison JK, Clegg A et al (2016) Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 11:CD005563","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"1422_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2016.09.002","volume":"37","author":"EA Alvarez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alvarez EA, Garrido MA, Tobar EA et al (2017) Occupational therapy for delirium management in elderly patients without mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit. A pilot randomized clinical trial. J Crit Care 37:85\u201390","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"1422_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60658-9","volume":"373","author":"WD Schweickert","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schweickert WD, Pohlman MC, Pohlman AS et al (2009) Early physical and occupational therapy in mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 373:1874\u20131882. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60658-9","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1422_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-018-1078-7","volume":"31","author":"C Pozzi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pozzi C, Lanzoni A, Lucchi E et al (2018) A pilot study of community-based occupational therapy for persons with dementia (COTID-IT Program) and their caregivers: evidence for applicability in Italy. Aging Clin Exp Res 31:1299\u20131304","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"1422_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.09.005","volume":"18","author":"C Pozzi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pozzi C, Lucchi E, Lanzoni A et al (2017) Preliminary evidence of a positive effect of occupational therapy in patients with delirium superimposed on dementia. J Am Med Dir Assoc 18:1091\u20131092","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"1422_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610297004754","volume":"9","author":"DW Molloy","year":"1997","unstructured":"Molloy DW, Standish TI (1997) A guide to the standardized mini-mental state examination. Int Psychogeriatr 9:87\u201394","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"1422_CR20","first-page":"637","volume":"24","author":"L Berg","year":"1988","unstructured":"Berg L (1988) Clinical dementia rating (CDR). Psychopharmacol Bull 24:637\u2013639","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"1422_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1995.tb06377.x","volume":"43","author":"PA Parmelee","year":"1995","unstructured":"Parmelee PA, Thuras PD, Katz IR et al (1995) Validation of the cumulative illness rating scale in a geriatric residential population. J Am Geriatr Soc 43:130\u2013137","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"1422_CR22","first-page":"61","volume":"14","author":"FI Mahoney","year":"1965","unstructured":"Mahoney FI, Barthel DW (1965) Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index: a simple index of independence useful in scoring improvement in the rehabilitation of the chronically ill. Md State Med J 14:61\u201365","journal-title":"Md State Med J"},{"key":"1422_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90717-5","volume":"80","author":"ME Tinetti","year":"1986","unstructured":"Tinetti ME, Williams TF, Mayewski R (1986) Fall risk index for elderly patients based on number of chronic disabilities. Am J Med 80:429\u2013434","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"1422_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-015-0070-1","volume":"14","author":"P Voyer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Voyer P, Champoux N, Desrosiers J et al (2015) Recognizing acute delirium as part of your routine [RADAR]: a validation study. BMC Nurs 14:19","journal-title":"BMC Nurs"},{"key":"1422_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.1003","volume":"7","author":"JG Chester","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chester JG, Beth Harrington M, Rudolph JL (2012) Serial administration of a modified Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale for delirium screening. J Hosp Med 7:450\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jhm.1003","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"key":"1422_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1410","volume":"20","author":"JF de Jonghe","year":"2005","unstructured":"de Jonghe JF, Kalisvaart KJ, Timmers JF et al (2005) Delirium-O-Meter: a nurses\u2019 rating scale for monitoring delirium severity in geriatric patients. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 20:1158\u20131166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/gps.1410","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1422_CR27","volume-title":"Model of human occupation: theory and application","author":"G Kielhofner","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kielhofner G (2008) Model of human occupation: theory and application, 4th edn. Lippinicott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia","edition":"4"},{"key":"1422_CR28","volume-title":"Canadian occupational performance measure (COPM)","author":"M Law","year":"2014","unstructured":"Law M, Baptiste S, Carswell A et al (2014) Canadian occupational performance measure (COPM). CAOT publications, Ottawa"},{"key":"1422_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217002344","volume":"30","author":"SM Dyer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dyer SM, Harrison SL, Laver K et al (2017) An overview of systematic reviews of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Int Psychogeriatr 30:295\u2013309","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"1422_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7201390010p1","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2018.721001","volume":"72","author":"CV Piersol","year":"2018","unstructured":"Piersol CV, Jensen L, Lieberman D et al (2018) Occupational therapy interventions for people with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Am J Occup Ther 72:7201390010p1\u20137201390010p6","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"1422_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2014.009829","volume":"68","author":"R DiZazzo-Miller","year":"2014","unstructured":"DiZazzo-Miller R, Samuel PS, Barnas JM et al (2014) Addressing everyday challenges: feasibility of a family caregiver training program for people with dementia. Am J Occup Ther 68:212\u2013220","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"1422_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15194","volume":"66","author":"LN Gitlin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gitlin LN, Arthur P, Piersol C et al (2018) Targeting behavioral symptoms and functional decline in dementia: a randomized clinical trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 66:339\u2013345","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"1422_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39001.688843.BE","volume":"333","author":"MJ Graff","year":"2006","unstructured":"Graff MJ, Vernooij-Dassen MJ, Thijssen M et al (2006) Community based occupational therapy for patients with dementia and their care givers: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 333:1196","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1422_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-3136-0","volume":"40","author":"NE Brummel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brummel NE, Girard TD, Ely EW et al (2013) Feasibility and safety of early combined cognitive and physical therapy for critically ill medical and surgical patients: the activity and cognitive therapy in ICU (ACT-ICU) trial. Intensive Care Med 40:370\u2013379","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1422_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.05.010","volume":"17","author":"A Morandi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morandi A, Han JH, Meagher D et al (2016) Detecting delirium superimposed on dementia: evaluation of the diagnostic performance of the richmond agitation and sedation scale. J Am Med Dir Assoc 17:828\u2013833","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"1422_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13343","volume":"63","author":"P Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen P, Dowal S, Schmitt E et al (2015) Hospital elder life program in the real world: the many uses of the hospital elder life program website. J Am Geriatr Soc 63:797\u2013803","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"}],"container-title":["Aging Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40520-019-01422-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40520-019-01422-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40520-019-01422-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T10:07:26Z","timestamp":1608631646000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40520-019-01422-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1422"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-019-01422-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1720-8319"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1720-8319","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 June 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 November 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 November 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in the study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethical Committee Val Padana (Protocol 34788\/17) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from patients\u2019 authorized surrogates at study enrollment.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}