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Subsequent fracture incidence and mortality were followed up for 15\u00a0years. Extended Cox regression analysis was used to compare the associations between living arrangements and mortality risk during the first post-fracture year and during the non-fracture time. All participants contributed to the non-fracture state until a fracture occurred or until death\/end of follow-up if they did not sustain a fracture. Participants who sustained a fracture during the follow-up returned to the non-fracture state 1\u00a0year after the fracture unless they died or were censored due to end of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Altogether, 22% of men and 40% of women sustained a fracture. During the first post-fracture year, mortality risk was over threefold compared to non-fracture time but did not differ by living arrangement. In women, living alone was associated with lower mortality risk during non-fracture time, but the association attenuated after adjustment for self-rated health. In men, living alone was associated with increased mortality risk during non-fracture time, although not significantly.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The results suggest that living alone is not associated with pronounced mortality risk after a fracture compared to living with someone.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-020-01511-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T13:03:07Z","timestamp":1583845387000},"page":"1697-1705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Living alone vs. living with someone as a predictor of mortality after a bone fracture in older age"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0710-0069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaisa","family":"Koivunen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elina","family":"Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikaela","family":"von Bonsdorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ritva","family":"Sakari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Pynn\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taina","family":"Rantanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1511_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00065-4","volume":"51","author":"LF Berkman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Berkman LF, Glass T, Brissette I et al (2000) From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. 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