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Since chronic inflammation and decreased physical activity are risk factors for developing sarcopenia, it is critical to assess the role of sarcopenia in immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRDs). Moreover, nutritional interventions are emerging as key modifiable and affordable options to improve physical performance in sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The aim of this review is to critically summarize current information on the evidence linking nutritional interventions and sarcopenia in IMRDs.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The search and selection of articles was performed in Medline, Dimensions.ai, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, and Trip Database. The results were clustered into three areas: sarcopenia and IMRDs, sarcopenia and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), and nutritional interventions for sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Several cross-sectional studies have shown a higher prevalence of sarcopenia in IMRDs, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Although not fully established, evidence linking sarcopenia and other IMRDs (ankylosing spondylitis and systemic sclerosis) has been also described. For secondary sarcopenia prevention and treatment, bDMARDs\u2019 administration proved efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, there is growing evidence linking nutrition to the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Evidence linking unfavourable results in nutritional risk assessment, insufficient intake of protein, vitamin D, antioxidant nutrients, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and sarcopenia have been reported.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Given that sarcopenia and IMRDs have strong links, further research is needed to improve patient care.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-021-01800-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T07:51:10Z","timestamp":1612943470000},"page":"2929-2939","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Sarcopenia, immune-mediated rheumatic diseases, and nutritional interventions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7628-4861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso J.","family":"Cruz-Jentoft","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Romero-Yuste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6322-6846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugenio","family":"Chamizo Carmona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2358-6767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan M.","family":"Nolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1800_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0169548","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169548","volume":"12","author":"C Beaudart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Beaudart C, Zaaria M, Pasleau F et al (2017) Health outcomes of sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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Dra. Romero-Yuste has no conflict of interest to declare. Dr. Chamizo has no conflict of interest to declare. Dr. Nolla has received consulting fees and speaking fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Fresenius Kabi, Gebro, Kern, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, and UCB, and research support from AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gebro, Eli Lilly, MSD, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"For this type of study, ethics approval is not required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For this type of study, informed consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"For this type of study, consent for publication is not required.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}