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This age group is the fastest growing and has the highest risk of dementia. However, norms and score equivalence for screening tests are lacking for this group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To provide norms and score equivalence for commonly used cognitive screening tests for the oldest-old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on 157 participants of the Center for Healthy Aging Longevity Study aged 90\u2009+\u2009were analyzed. First, we derived norms for (1) subtests and cognitive domains of the in-person Montreal Cognitive Assessment having a maximum score of 30 (MoCA-30) and (2) the total MoCA-22 score, obtained from the in-person MoCA-30 by summing the subtests that do not require visual input to a maximum score of 22. These norms were derived from 124 participants with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)\u2009\u2265\u200927. Second, we derived score equivalences for MMSE to MoCA-30 and MoCA-22, and MoCA-30 to MoCA-22 using equipercentile equating method with log-linear smoothing, based on all 157 participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MoCA-22 total score norms are: mean\u2009=\u200918.3(standard deviation\u2009=\u20092.2). An MMSE score of 27 is equivalent to a MoCA-30 score of 22 and a MoCA-22 score of 16.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subtest, domain and MoCA-22 norms will aid in evaluation of the oldest-old who cannot complete the MoCA-30 or are tested over the phone. The equivalences of the three cognitive tests (MMSE, MoCA-30, MoCA-22) in the oldest-old will facilitate continuity of cognitive tracking of individuals tested with different tests over time and comparison of the studies that use different cognitive tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-021-01886-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,29]],"date-time":"2021-05-29T01:04:27Z","timestamp":1622250267000},"page":"3303-3311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Norms and equivalences for MoCA-30, MoCA-22, and MMSE in the oldest-old"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8495-5546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zarui A.","family":"Melikyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9901-3650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Malek-Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Atri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia H.","family":"Kawas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8168-8593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda M.","family":"Corrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1886_CR1","unstructured":"United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division. 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A.A. has received unrelated institutional grant funding from Alzheimer\u2019s Clinical Trials Consortium (ACTC), Alzheimer\u2019s Therapeutics Research Institute (ATRI), Alzheimer\u2019s Prevention Initiative (API), Arizona Alzheimer\u2019s Research Consortium, Global Alzheimer\u2019s Platform (GAP), Novartis, University of Indiana (with ATRI, NIH, Alzheimer\u2019s Association), University of Southern California (with ATRI, NIH, Alzheimer\u2019s Association or Department of Defense). A.A. has received consulting fees and honoraria from Acadia, Alzheimer\u2019s Association, Biogen, Eisai, Grifols, Harvard Medical School Post Graduate Education, NIH, Novo Nordisk, Roche\/Genentech, Suven, and Synexus; and royalties from Oxford University Press.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Western Institutional Review Board. Research was completed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All participants provided signed informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"All authors agree to this publication.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}