{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T14:26:23Z","timestamp":1785767183741,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Berner Klinik Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006447","name":"University of Zurich","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006447","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aging Clin Exp Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Low magnesium and vitamin D levels negatively affect individuals\u2019 health.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We aimed to investigate the association of magnesium status with grip strength and fatigue scores, and evaluate whether this association differs by vitamin D status among older participants undergoing geriatric rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This is a 4-week observational study of participants aged\u2009\u2265\u200965\u00a0years undergoing rehabilitation. The outcomes were baseline grip strength and fatigue scores, and 4-week change from baseline in grip strength and fatigue scores. The exposures were baseline magnesium tertiles and achieved magnesium tertiles at week 4. Pre-defined subgroup analyses by vitamin D status (25[OH]D\u2009&lt;\u200950\u00a0nmol\/l\u2009=\u2009deficient) were performed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At baseline, participants (N\u2009=\u2009253, mean age 75.7\u00a0years, 49.4% women) in the first magnesium tertile had lower mean grip strength compared to participants in the third tertile (25.99 [95% CI 24.28\u201327.70] vs. 30.1 [95% CI 28.26\u201331.69] kg). Similar results were observed among vitamin D sufficient participants (25.54 [95% CI 22.65\u201328.43] kg in the first magnesium tertile vs. 30.91 [27.97\u201333.86] kg in the third tertile). This association was not significant among vitamin D deficient participants. At week 4, no significant associations were observed between achieved magnesium tertiles and change in grip strength, overall and by vitamin D status. For fatigue, no significant associations were observed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among older participants undergoing rehabilitation, magnesium status may be relevant for grip strength, particularly among vitamin D sufficient individuals. Magnesium status was not associated with fatigue, regardless of vitamin D status.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Study registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03422263; registered February 5, 2018.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-023-02450-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T10:07:26Z","timestamp":1686132446000},"page":"1619-1629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association of magnesium and vitamin D status with grip strength and fatigue in older adults: a 4-week observational study of geriatric participants undergoing rehabilitation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1638-549X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Kettig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7783-5872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Kistler-Fischbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6925-1201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0264-6318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heike A.","family":"Bischoff-Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8796-7016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devine Shimbagha","family":"Frundi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2450_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378S","DOI":"10.3945\/an.112.003483","volume":"4","author":"SL Volpe","year":"2013","unstructured":"Volpe SL (2013) Magnesium in disease prevention and overall health. Adv Nutr 4:378S-S383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/an.112.003483","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"2450_CR2","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference I (1997) The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Dietary reference intakes for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and Fluoride. The National Academies Collection: reports funded by National Institutes of Health. National Academies Press (US), Washington (DC)"},{"key":"2450_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00012.2014","volume":"95","author":"JH de Baaij","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Baaij JH, Hoenderop JG, Bindels RJ (2015) Magnesium in man: implications for health and disease. Physiol Rev 95:1\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00012.2014","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2450_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2015.10.002","volume":"73","author":"SM Glasdam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Glasdam SM, Glasdam S, Peters GH (2016) The importance of magnesium in the human body: a systematic literature review. Adv Clin Chem 73:169\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.acc.2015.10.002","journal-title":"Adv Clin Chem"},{"key":"2450_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2011.05.010","volume":"512","author":"AM Romani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Romani AM (2011) Cellular magnesium homeostasis. Arch Biochem Biophys 512:1\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abb.2011.05.010","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2450_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070129","volume":"114","author":"FI Wolf","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wolf FI, Trapani V (2008) Cell (patho)physiology of magnesium. Clin Sci (Lond) 114:27\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/CS20070129","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"2450_CR7","first-page":"180","volume":"19","author":"FH Nielsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nielsen FH, Lukaski HC (2006) Update on the relationship between magnesium and exercise. Magnes Res 19:180\u2013189","journal-title":"Magnes Res"},{"key":"2450_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy274","volume":"108","author":"Q Dai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dai Q, Zhu X, Manson JE et al (2018) Magnesium status and supplementation influence vitamin D status and metabolism: results from a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr 108:1249\u20131258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy274","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2450_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-187","volume":"11","author":"X Deng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Deng X, Song Y, Manson JE et al (2013) Magnesium, vitamin D status and mortality: results from US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 to 2006 and NHANES III. BMC Med 11:187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1741-7015-11-187","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2450_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2018.037","volume":"118","author":"AM Uwitonze","year":"2018","unstructured":"Uwitonze AM, Razzaque MS (2018) Role of magnesium in vitamin D activation and function. J Am Osteopath Assoc 118:181\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7556\/jaoa.2018.037","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"key":"2450_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-019-04104-x","volume":"119","author":"KP Dzik","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dzik KP, Kaczor JJ (2019) Mechanisms of vitamin D on skeletal muscle function: oxidative stress, energy metabolism and anabolic state. Eur J Appl Physiol 119:825\u2013839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-019-04104-x","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2450_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12268","volume":"28","author":"EK McCarthy","year":"2015","unstructured":"McCarthy EK, Kiely M (2015) Vitamin D and muscle strength throughout the life course: a review of epidemiological and intervention studies. J Hum Nutr Diet 28:636\u2013645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jhn.12268","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"2450_CR13","first-page":"283","volume":"14","author":"HF Schimatschek","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schimatschek HF, Rempis R (2001) Prevalence of hypomagnesemia in an unselected German population of 16,000 individuals. Magnes Res 14:283\u2013290","journal-title":"Magnes Res"},{"key":"2450_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061836","author":"J Malinowska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Malinowska J, Malecka M, Ciepiela O (2020) Variations in magnesium concentration are associated with increased mortality: study in an unselected population of hospitalized patients. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12061836","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2450_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683211028240","volume":"35","author":"LA Simpson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Simpson LA, Hayward KS, McPeake M et al (2021) Challenges of estimating accurate prevalence of arm weakness early after stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 35:871\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15459683211028240","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"2450_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4381-4","volume":"29","author":"I Churilov","year":"2018","unstructured":"Churilov I, Churilov L, MacIsaac RJ et al (2018) Systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of sarcopenia in post acute inpatient rehabilitation. Osteoporos Int 29:805\u2013812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-018-4381-4","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2450_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs381%JEuropeanHeartJournal","volume":"34","author":"S F\u00fclster","year":"2012","unstructured":"F\u00fclster S, Tacke M, Sandek A et al (2012) Muscle wasting in patients with chronic heart failure: results from the studies investigating co-morbidities aggravating heart failure (SICA-HF). Eur Heart J 34:512\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs381%JEuropeanHeartJournal","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2450_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e103","DOI":"10.5114\/amsad.2019.85406","volume":"4","author":"M Polikandrioti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Polikandrioti M, Kalafatakis F, Koutelekos I et al (2019) Fatigue in heart failure outpatients: levels, associated factors, and the impact on quality of life. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 4:e103\u2013e112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/amsad.2019.85406","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis"},{"key":"2450_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1179\/1074935714Z.0000000015","volume":"22","author":"M Nadarajah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nadarajah M, Goh HT (2015) Post-stroke fatigue: a review on prevalence, correlates, measurement, and management. Top Stroke Rehabil 22:208\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/1074935714Z.0000000015","journal-title":"Top Stroke Rehabil"},{"key":"2450_CR20","first-page":"1407","volume":"23","author":"F Wolfe","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wolfe F, Hawley DJ, Wilson K (1996) The prevalence and meaning of fatigue in rheumatic disease. J Rheumatol 23:1407\u20131417","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2450_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S222143","volume":"14","author":"N Aspell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aspell N, Laird E, Healy M et al (2019) Vitamin D deficiency is associated with impaired muscle strength and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults: findings from the english longitudinal study of ageing. Clin Interv Aging 14:1751\u20131761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CIA.S222143","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"2450_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.1.419","volume":"84","author":"LJ Dominguez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dominguez LJ, Barbagallo M, Lauretani F et al (2006) Magnesium and muscle performance in older persons: the InCHIANTI study. Am J Clin Nutr 84:419\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/84.1.419","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2450_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020463","author":"M Barbagallo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barbagallo M, Veronese N, Dominguez LJ (2021) Magnesium in aging health and diseases. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13020463","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2450_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907385","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.907385","volume":"9","author":"DS Frundi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Frundi DS, Kettig E, Popp LL et al (2022) Physical performance and glycemic control under SGLT-2-inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases or high cardiovascular risk (PUSH): Design of a 4-week prospective observational study. Front Cardiovasc Med 9:907385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.907385","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2450_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90129-5","volume":"47","author":"M Charlson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Charlson M, Szatrowski TP, Peterson J et al (1994) Validation of a combined comorbidity index. J Clin Epidemiol 47:1245\u20131251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90129-5","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2450_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-019-1155-4","volume":"23","author":"L De Dobbeleer","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Dobbeleer L, Beyer I, Hansen \u00c5M et al (2019) Grip work measurement with the jamar dynamometer: validation of a simple equation for clinical use. J Nutr Health Aging 23:221\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12603-019-1155-4","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"2450_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1992.16.5.215","volume":"16","author":"GF Hamilton","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hamilton GF, McDonald C, Chenier TC (1992) Measurement of grip strength: validity and reliability of the sphygmomanometer and jamar grip dynamometer. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 16:215\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.1992.16.5.215","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2450_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/s0363-5023(84)80146-x","volume":"9","author":"V Mathiowetz","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mathiowetz V, Weber K, Volland G et al (1984) Reliability and validity of grip and pinch strength evaluations. J Hand Surg Am 9:222\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0363-5023(84)80146-x","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"2450_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2009.06.015","volume":"26","author":"LH Jakobsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jakobsen LH, Rask IK, Kondrup J (2010) Validation of handgrip strength and endurance as a measure of physical function and quality of life in healthy subjects and patients. Nutrition 26:542\u2013550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nut.2009.06.015","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"2450_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afv192","volume":"45","author":"RM Dodds","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dodds RM, Syddall HE, Cooper R et al (2016) Global variation in grip strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis of normative data. Age Ageing 45:209\u2013216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afv192","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"2450_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23350","volume":"46","author":"RW Bohannon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bohannon RW, Magasi SR, Bubela DJ et al (2012) Grip and knee extension muscle strength reflect a common construct among adults. Muscle Nerve 46:555\u2013558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.23350","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"2450_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e025755","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025755","volume":"9","author":"D Kuh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuh D, Hardy R, Blodgett JM et al (2019) Developmental factors associated with decline in grip strength from midlife to old age: a British birth cohort study. BMJ Open 9:e025755. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025755","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2450_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S194543","volume":"14","author":"RW Bohannon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bohannon RW (2019) Grip strength: an indispensable biomarker for older adults. Clin Interv Aging 14:1681\u20131691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CIA.S194543","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"2450_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509348519","volume":"15","author":"IK Penner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Penner IK, Raselli C, Stocklin M et al (2009) The fatigue scale for motor and cognitive functions (FSMC): validation of a new instrument to assess multiple sclerosis-related fatigue. Mult Scler 15:1509\u20131517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1352458509348519","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"2450_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-8-59","volume":"8","author":"A Sehle","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sehle A, Mundermann A, Starrost K et al (2011) Objective assessment of motor fatigue in multiple sclerosis using kinematic gait analysis: a pilot study. J Neuroeng Rehabil 8:59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-0003-8-59","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"2450_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1114248","volume":"367","author":"LA Inker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Inker LA, Schmid CH, Tighiouart H et al (2012) Estimating glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine and cystatin C. N Engl J Med 367:20\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1114248","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2450_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953","volume":"385","author":"LA Inker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Inker LA, Eneanya ND, Coresh J et al (2021) New creatinine- and cystatin C-based equations to estimate GFR without race. N Engl J Med 385:1737\u20131749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2450_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2011-0964","volume":"50","author":"CS Knudsen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Knudsen CS, Nexo E, Hojskov CS et al (2012) Analytical validation of the roche 25-OH vitamin D total assay. Clin Chem Lab Med 50:1965\u20131968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2011-0964","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"2450_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","volume":"96","author":"MF Holick","year":"2011","unstructured":"Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA et al (2011) Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96:1911\u20131930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2450_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2018.7851","volume":"48","author":"YC Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang YC, Bohannon RW, Li X et al (2018) Hand-grip strength: normative reference values and equations for individuals 18 to 85 years of age residing in the United States. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 48:685\u2013693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.2018.7851","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2450_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.03147.x","volume":"58","author":"D Scott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scott D, Blizzard L, Fell J et al (2010) Associations between dietary nutrient intake and muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling older adults: the Tasmanian older adult cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc 58:2129\u20132134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.03147.x","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2450_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2692","volume":"31","author":"AA Welch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Welch AA, Kelaiditi E, Jennings A et al (2016) Dietary magnesium is positively associated with skeletal muscle power and indices of muscle mass and may attenuate the association between circulating C-reactive protein and muscle mass in women. J Bone Miner Res 31:317\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.2692","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2450_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1684\/mrh.2011.0290","volume":"24","author":"DA Santos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Santos DA, Matias CN, Monteiro CP et al (2011) Magnesium intake is associated with strength performance in elite basketball, handball and volleyball players. Magnes Res 24:215\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/mrh.2011.0290","journal-title":"Magnes Res"},{"key":"2450_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829857","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.829857","volume":"9","author":"W Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang W, Ma X, Chen Y et al (2022) Dietary magnesium intake modifies the association between vitamin D and systolic blood pressure: results from NHANES 2007\u20132014. Front Nutr 9:829857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.829857","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"2450_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.008631","volume":"7","author":"A Rosanoff","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosanoff A, Dai Q, Shapses SA (2016) Essential nutrient interactions: does low or suboptimal magnesium status interact with vitamin D and\/or calcium status? Adv Nutr 7:25\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/an.115.008631","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"2450_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-020-02387-2","volume":"199","author":"F Kheyruri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kheyruri F, Sarrafzadeh J, Hosseini AF et al (2021) Randomized study of the effects of vitamin D and magnesium co-supplementation on muscle strength and function, body composition, and inflammation in vitamin D-deficient middle-aged women. Biol Trace Elem Res 199:2523\u20132534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-020-02387-2","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"2450_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061755","author":"A Ganapathy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ganapathy A, Nieves JW (2020) Nutrition and sarcopenia\u2014what do we know? Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12061755","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2450_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.11.007","volume":"132","author":"AJ Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Dawson Hughes B, Scott D et al (2020) Nutritional strategies for maintaining muscle mass and strength from middle age to later life: a narrative review. Maturitas 132:57\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.11.007","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2450_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-011-1099-7","volume":"19","author":"H Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park H, Parker GL, Boardman CH et al (2011) A pilot phase II trial of magnesium supplements to reduce menopausal hot flashes in breast cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 19:859\u2013863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-011-1099-7","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2450_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.076","volume":"109","author":"G Bjorklund","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bjorklund G, Dadar M, Pen JJ et al (2019) Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): suggestions for a nutritional treatment in the therapeutic approach. Biomed Pharmacother 109:1000\u20131007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.076","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"2450_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91371-z","volume":"337","author":"IM Cox","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cox IM, Campbell MJ, Dowson D (1991) Red blood cell magnesium and chronic fatigue syndrome. Lancet 337:757\u2013760. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91371-z","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2450_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5353","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005353","volume":"95","author":"A Nowak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nowak A, Boesch L, Andres E et al (2016) Effect of vitamin D3 on self-perceived fatigue: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Medicine 95:e5353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000005353","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2450_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102531","author":"M Pennisi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pennisi M, Malaguarnera G, Di Bartolo G et al (2019) Decrease in serum vitamin D level of older patients with fatigue. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu11102531","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2450_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.6.558","volume":"281","author":"T Rantanen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rantanen T, Guralnik JM, Foley D et al (1999) Midlife hand grip strength as a predictor of old age disability. JAMA 281:558\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.281.6.558","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2450_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/61.6.594","volume":"61","author":"RD Semba","year":"2006","unstructured":"Semba RD, Bartali B, Zhou J et al (2006) Low serum micronutrient concentrations predict frailty among older women living in the community. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 61:594\u2013599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/61.6.594","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2450_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12603","volume":"324","author":"A Carf\u00ec","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carf\u00ec A, Bernabei R, Landi F (2020) Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19. JAMA 324:603\u2013605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.12603","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2450_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00692-1","volume":"17","author":"K Davies","year":"2021","unstructured":"Davies K, Dures E, Ng WF (2021) Fatigue in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: current knowledge and areas for future research. Nat Rev Rheumatol 17:651\u2013664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41584-021-00692-1","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"2450_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12154","volume":"41","author":"S El Sayed","year":"2021","unstructured":"El Sayed S, Shokry D, Gomaa SM (2021) Post-COVID-19 fatigue and anhedonia: a cross-sectional study and their correlation to post-recovery period. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 41:50\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/npr2.12154","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol Rep"},{"key":"2450_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.4103\/jcrt.JCRT_50_17","volume":"13","author":"H Mohandas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mohandas H, Jaganathan SK, Mani MP et al (2017) Cancer-related fatigue treatment: an overview. J Cancer Res Ther 13:916\u2013929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcrt.JCRT_50_17","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Ther"},{"key":"2450_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb04702.x","volume":"48","author":"S Liao","year":"2000","unstructured":"Liao S, Ferrell BA (2000) Fatigue in an older population. J Am Geriatr Soc 48:426\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb04702.x","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2450_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3999(97)00291-2","volume":"45","author":"JH Loge","year":"1998","unstructured":"Loge JH, Ekeberg O, Kaasa S (1998) Fatigue in the general Norwegian population: normative data and associations. J Psychosom Res 45:53\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3999(97)00291-2","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"2450_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2006.09.011","volume":"62","author":"C Wijeratne","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wijeratne C, Hickie I, Brodaty H (2007) The characteristics of fatigue in an older primary care sample. J Psychosom Res 62:153\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2006.09.011","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"2450_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020444","author":"D Azzolino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Azzolino D, Arosio B, Marzetti E et al (2020) Nutritional status as a mediator of fatigue and its underlying mechanisms in older people. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12020444","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2450_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.148.11.2415","volume":"148","author":"RA Reinhart","year":"1988","unstructured":"Reinhart RA (1988) Magnesium metabolism. A review with special reference to the relationship between intracellular content and serum levels. Arch Intern Med 148:2415\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.148.11.2415","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2450_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/s0009-8981(99)00258-2","volume":"294","author":"NE Saris","year":"2000","unstructured":"Saris NE, Mervaala E, Karppanen H et al (2000) Magnesium. An update on physiological, clinical and analytical aspects. Clin Chim Acta 294:1\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0009-8981(99)00258-2","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2450_CR66","first-page":"117","volume":"10","author":"RK Rude","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rude RK, Stephen A, Nadler J (1991) Determination of red blood cell intracellular free magnesium by nuclear magnetic resonance as an assessment of magnesium depletion. Magnes Trace Elem 10:117\u2013121","journal-title":"Magnes Trace Elem"},{"key":"2450_CR67","first-page":"65","volume":"8","author":"H Millart","year":"1995","unstructured":"Millart H, Durlach V, Durlach J (1995) Red blood cell magnesium concentrations: analytical problems and significance. Magnes Res 8:65\u201376","journal-title":"Magnes Res"}],"container-title":["Aging Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02450-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02450-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02450-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T12:23:14Z","timestamp":1690028594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02450-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2450"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02450-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1720-8319"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1720-8319","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 June 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Authors EK, MK-F, CDGRCM, HAB-F, DSF have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Cantonal Ethical Commission of Bern, Switzerland (BASEC-ID 2017\u201301724).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}