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Therefore, we conducted a Mendelian randomization study to investigate the effects of blood pressure and antihypertensive drugs on osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used published large-scale genome-wide association data and applied univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization methods. The main analysis model was inverse variance weighting, and the reliability of the results was tested using MR-Egger intercept analysis, Cochran's\n                      <jats:italic>Q<\/jats:italic>\n                      test, and leave-one-out analysis. We comprehensively evaluated the relationship between systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, 12 antihypertensive drugs, and osteoarthritis. We also conducted verification in the independent queue of UK Biobank and built a simple linear regression model to obtain an independent comparison.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found no evidence that systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly affected osteoarthritis. However, among antihypertensive drugs, we observed a significant positive correlation between potassium-preserving diuretics and aldosterone antagonists and all osteoarthritis (OR: 0.560, 95% CI 0.406\u20130.772,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0004). Sensitivity analysis showed no horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity, and the leave-one-out analysis demonstrated the reliability of the results. This result was replicated with nominally statistical significance in the validation cohort and exhibited significant correlation in the linear regression analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study suggested that controlling the protein targets of potassium-sparing diuretics and aldosterone antagonists may have beneficial results for osteoarthritis. These findings provide valuable medication strategies for the control of hypertension in patients with osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-023-02530-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T05:02:06Z","timestamp":1692594126000},"page":"2437-2444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Effects of blood pressure and antihypertensive drugs on osteoarthritis: a mendelian randomized study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Yinzhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanpeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changwei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2530_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2019.10.007","volume":"104","author":"B Abramoff","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abramoff B, Caldera FE (2020) Osteoarthritis: pathology, diagnosis, and treatment options. 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Yinzhen Zhang, Yanpeng Wang, Wenjun Cai, Zhengyan Wang, Changwei Zhao, and Wenhai Zhao certify they have no non-financial association that might pose a non-financial conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper. The funders had no role in the design of the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study uses publicly available data, therefore no additional ethical declaration is required. All of the studies and consortia accessed in the present study were approved by their respective ethics committee.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of human and animal rights"}},{"value":"The subjects from\nall the cohorts provided written informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}