{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:14:32Z","timestamp":1788887672890,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82173899"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82173899"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020439","name":"Jiangsu Pharmaceutical Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H202108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H202108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020439","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020439","name":"Jiangsu Pharmaceutical Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A2021021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2021021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020439","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020439","name":"Jiangsu Pharmaceutical Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A2021024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2021024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020439","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021JJ70021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ70021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Hunan innovation guidance grant of clinical medical technology","award":["2020SK50920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020SK50920"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aging Clin Exp Res"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-023-02573-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T06:02:30Z","timestamp":1697868150000},"page":"2951-2960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A risk prediction model based on machine learning for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with non-cardiac surgery"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Xianhai","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junlin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaojing","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0886-3153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianjun","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanna","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2573_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03804-6","volume":"23","author":"X Ding","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ding X, Zha T, Abudurousuli G et al (2023) Effects of regional cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr 23:123","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"2573_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110310","volume":"72","author":"ML van Zuylen","year":"2021","unstructured":"van Zuylen ML, Gribnau A, Admiraal M et al (2021) The role of intraoperative hypotension on the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review. J Clin Anesth 72:110310","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"2573_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000779","volume":"36","author":"B Mei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mei B, Xu G, Han W et al (2020) The benefit of dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive function is unrelated to the modulation on peripheral inflammation. Clin J Pain 36:88\u201395","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"2573_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-018-00559-0","volume":"27","author":"A Luo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Luo A, Yan J, Tang X et al (2019) Postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the aged: the collision of neuroinflammaging with perioperative neuroinflammation. Inflammopharmacology 27:27\u201337","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"2573_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000080","volume":"120","author":"CC Price","year":"2014","unstructured":"Price CC, Tanner JJ, Schmalfuss I et al (2014) A pilot study evaluating presurgery neuroanatomical biomarkers for postoperative cognitive decline after total knee arthroplasty in older adults. Anesthesiology 120:601\u2013613","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2573_CR6","first-page":"119","volume":"111","author":"I Rundshagen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rundshagen I (2014) Postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Dtsch Arztebl Int 111:119\u2013125","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"2573_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07382-0","volume":"351","author":"JT Moller","year":"1998","unstructured":"Moller JT, Cluitmans P, Rasmussen LS et al (1998) Long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly: ISPOCD1 study. Lancet 351:857\u2013861","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2573_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200206000-00014","volume":"96","author":"TMT Johnson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Johnson TMT, Rasmussen LS, Abildstrom H et al (2002) Postoperative cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged patients. Anesthesiology 96:1351\u20131357","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2573_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E320","DOI":"10.1532\/hsf.3551","volume":"24","author":"N Xie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xie N, Yan S, Sun X et al (2021) Establish a nomogram of cardiac postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Heart Surg Forum 24:E320\u2013E326","journal-title":"Heart Surg Forum"},{"key":"2573_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.715517","volume":"13","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang Z, Cai Y, Zhang X et al (2021) Predicting delayed neurocognitive recovery after non-cardiac surgery using resting-state brain network patterns combined with machine learning. Front Aging Neurosci 13:715517","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"2573_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/20298","volume":"23","author":"M Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu M, Shu X, Yu G et al (2021) A risk prediction model based on machine learning for cognitive impairment among Chinese community-dwelling elderly people with normal cognition: development and validation study. J Med Internet Res 23:e10","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2573_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-018-1071-x","volume":"42","author":"B Brati\u0107","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brati\u0107 B, Kurbalija V, Ivanovi\u0107 M et al (2018) Machine learning for predicting cognitive diseases: methods, data sources and risk factors. J Med Syst 42:243","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"key":"2573_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-019-0991-9","volume":"19","author":"E Ford","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ford E, Rooney P, Oliver S et al (2019) Identifying undetected dementia in UK primary care patients: a retrospective case-control study comparing machine-learning and standard epidemiological approaches. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 19:248","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"2573_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","volume":"12","author":"F Mf","year":"1975","unstructured":"Mf F, Folstein SE, PR M, (1975) \u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189\u2013198","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2573_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12709","volume":"136","author":"H Delavaran","year":"2017","unstructured":"Delavaran H, Jonsson AC, Lovkvist H et al (2017) Cognitive function in stroke survivors: a 10-year follow-up study. Acta Neurol Scand 136:187\u2013194","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"2573_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2307\/2531595","volume":"44","author":"ER DeLong","year":"1988","unstructured":"DeLong ER, DeLong DM, Clarke-Pearson DL (1988) Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics 44:837\u2013845","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"2573_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.06.013","volume":"34","author":"AV Karhade","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karhade AV, Schwab JH, Bedair HS (2019) Development of Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of Sustained Postoperative Opioid Prescriptions After Total Hip Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 34:2272-2277.e2271","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"2573_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.11.006","volume":"41","author":"H Shi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shi H, Yang D, Tang K et al (2022) Explainable machine learning model for predicting the occurrence of postoperative malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease. Clin Nutr 41:202\u2013210","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2573_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.106163","volume":"95","author":"S Bhushan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhushan S, Li Y, Huang X et al (2021) Progress of research in postoperative cognitive dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients: A review article. Int J Surg 95:106163","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"2573_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-3363-2","volume":"472","author":"MG Zywiel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zywiel MG, Prabhu A, Perruccio AV et al (2014) The influence of anesthesia and pain management on cognitive dysfunction after joint arthroplasty: a systematic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 472:1453\u20131466","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2573_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.02.007","volume":"27","author":"AR Atti","year":"2006","unstructured":"Atti AR, Palmer K, Volpato S et al (2006) Anaemia increases the risk of dementia in cognitively intact elderly. Neurobiol Aging 27:278\u2013284","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2573_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-3363-2","volume":"472","author":"MG Zywiel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zywiel MG, Prabhu A, Perruccio AV et al (2014) The influence of anesthesia and pain management on cognitive dysfunction after joint arthroplasty: a systematic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 472:1453\u20131466","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2573_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2013.10.028","volume":"93","author":"H Chi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chi H, Kawano T, Tamura T et al (2013) Postoperative pain impairs subsequent performance on a spatial memory task via effects on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in aged rats. Life Sci 93:986\u2013993","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2573_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00079","volume":"91","author":"J Marino","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marino J, Russo J, Kenny M et al (2009) Continuous lumbar plexus block for postoperative pain control after total hip arthroplasty. A randomized controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:29\u201337","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2573_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjcn\/zvab086","volume":"21","author":"T Bowden","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bowden T, Hurt CS, Sanders J et al (2022) Predictors of cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery: a systematic review. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 21:192\u2013204","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"key":"2573_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1308-7","volume":"19","author":"T Qin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qin T, Yan M, Fu Z et al (2019) Association between anemia and cognitive decline among Chinese middle-aged and elderly: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study. BMC Geriatr 19:305","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"}],"container-title":["Aging Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02573-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02573-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02573-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T23:40:05Z","timestamp":1702597205000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02573-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2573"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-023-02573-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1720-8319"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1720-8319","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 March 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China (approval number: KY20220621-05-KS-01).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"We didn't perform any intervention on human or animal.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for written informed consent was waived.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}