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Diagnosis of sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, muscle weakness, low muscle mass, and low calf circumference were defined according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. The primary outcome measure was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 3\u00a0months, with an mRS score of 3 or higher indicating a poor outcome. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine independent associations between each assessment and functional outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 247 patients (median age: 73\u00a0years) were included in this study. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 28% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200970), and in the adjusted model, sarcopenia (aOR\u2009=\u20092.60, 95% CI 1.07\u20136.31,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034), muscle weakness (aOR\u2009=\u20093.40, 95% CI 1.36\u20138.52,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009), and low muscle mass (aOR\u2009=\u20092.61, 95% CI 1.04\u20136.52) were significantly associated with poor functional outcome. Nevertheless, other evaluations did not demonstrate an independent association with the outcome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia, muscle weakness, and low muscle mass were found to be independently associated with functional outcomes 3\u00a0months after stroke, and muscle weakness exhibited the strongest association with outcomes among them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-023-02672-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T02:02:24Z","timestamp":1705975344000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Muscle weakness is more strongly associated with functional outcomes in patients with stroke than sarcopenia or muscle wasting: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5579-2258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masafumi","family":"Nozoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miho","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rio","family":"Ikeji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruka","family":"Seike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Majima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2672_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930221123175","volume":"17","author":"T Thayabaranathan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thayabaranathan T, Kim J, Cadilhac DA et al (2022) Global stroke statistics 2022. 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There are no specific statements and declarations about this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Konan Women\u2019s University (approval number: 2019030). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Konan Women\u2019s University (approval number: 2019030).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"4"}}