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However, the precise causal relationship remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the potential causal association between frailty and LBP, we conducted bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis (MR) study. Genetic data on frailty index (FI) and LBP were acquired from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Various MR methodologies were utilized, such as inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger, to evaluate causality. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Genetically predicted higher FI (IVW, odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20091.66, 95% CI 1.17\u20132.36,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094.92E-03) was associated with a higher risk of LBP. As for the reverse direction, genetic liability to LBP showed consistent associations with a higher FI (IVW, OR\u2009=\u20091.13, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.19,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092.67E-05). The outcomes from various MR techniques and sensitivity analyses indicate the robustness of our findings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our research findings provide additional evidence bolstering the bidirectional causal relationship between frailty and LBP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-024-02843-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T03:02:39Z","timestamp":1726023759000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Causal associations between frailty and low back pain: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Zuying","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaming","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huilian","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letian","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cunlong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyuan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2843_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7555.1430","volume":"332","author":"BW Koes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Koes BW, van Tulder MW, Thomas S (2006) Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain. 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