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Calf circumference (CC) is a useful surrogate marker of muscle mass and function. This prospective study was designed to investigate the association between CC and all-cause mortality during a follow-up for 5 years in the Chinese centenarians.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study (CHCCS) is conducted in 18 cities and counties of Hainan, China.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>All 231 centenarians had a mean age of 103.03 years. Survival participants had a longer CC and were often living alone compared with others (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05 for all). Multivariate Cox regression models showed that CC was negatively associated with all-cause mortality (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for all). Participants with a longer CC had a lower mortality risk compared with others [Exp(\u03b2): 0.918; 95%confidence interval: 0.863\u20130.977]. Participants with a longer CC had a lower mortality risk whether they were males or females and lived with family members or alone.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>CC was negatively associated with all-cause mortality and could be an indicator of future mortality among the Chinese centenarians. Further researches should focus on preventing a decline in the CC in order to promote human longevity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-024-02850-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T07:02:21Z","timestamp":1728111741000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Calf circumference was negatively associated with all-cause mortality among the Chinese centenarians: a prospective study with a 5-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Zhigao","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hengbo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongzong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2850_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-012-0434-0","volume":"17","author":"VE Arango-Lopera","year":"2013","unstructured":"Arango-Lopera VE, Arroyo P, Guti\u00e9rrez-Robledo LM, P\u00e9rez-Zepeda MU, Cesari M (2013) Mortality as an adverse outcome of Sarcopenia. 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