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This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001\u20132010) to explore this association. Biological age was assessed using Klemera-Doubal method age (KDMAge) and phenotypic age (PhenoAge). PCa was identified through self-reported diagnoses, and highly probable PCa was determined by PSA levels. We analyzed the prevalence of PCa and PSA-defined highly probable PCa across quartiles of biological age measures using weighted chi-square and linear trend tests. Associations were evaluated using weighted multiple logistic regression models. Among 7,209 and 6,682 males analyzed, the overall weighted prevalence of PCa was 2.86%, increasing to 9.60% in those aged 65 and above. A significant rise in PCa prevalence was observed with higher quartiles of KDMAge or PhenoAge (P for trend\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), particularly in those under 65. In this younger group, higher PhenoAge acceleration quartiles were linked to increased PCa prevalence and higher risk of PCa (OR\u2009=\u20091.50, P\u2009=\u20090.015) as well as highly probable PCa in those without a diagnosis (OR\u2009=\u20091.28, P\u2009=\u20090.031). These findings suggest that accelerated biological aging is associated with an increased risk of PCa and may indicate early risk as signaled by PSA levels, even in those without a PCa diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-024-02861-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T15:03:29Z","timestamp":1729782209000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Association of biological aging with prostate cancer: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Weiqi","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baiyang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengling","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junhui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zejun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengxin","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2861_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00651-2","volume":"403","author":"ND James","year":"2024","unstructured":"James ND, Tannock I, N\u2019Dow J et al (2024) The Lancet Commission on prostate cancer: planning for the surge in cases. 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The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Approval of the research protocol by an Institutional Review Board: The study was approved by the NCHS Ethics Review Board.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All NHANES participants provided written informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}}],"article-number":"209"}}