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Cluster sets (CS) may help counteract these issues; however, most evidence comes from athletes, and acute responses to CS versus TRAD across exercises in older adults remain poorly understood, limiting guidance for optimal prescription.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty apparently healthy, resistance-trained older adults (19 males, 11 females; 69.3\u2009\u00b1\u20096.6 years) performed chest press (CP) and leg press (LP) at 70% one-repetition maximum (1RM) at maximal concentric velocity. Participants performed CS (4\u2009\u00d7\u2009(2 \u00d7 5), 30s intra-set rest, 150s between sets; 570s total rest) and TRAD (4\u2009\u00d7\u200910, 180s rest between sets; 540s total rest) on separate occasions in randomized order. Mean concentric velocity (MCV), velocity loss (VL), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and estimated repetitions to failure (ERF) were measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      MCV was higher in CS than TRAD for CP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and LP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005). VL was lower in CS than TRAD for CP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and LP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), although CP exceeded 30% VL in both conditions, whereas LP remained below 20% VL. No differences were observed in RPE, whereas ERF was higher in CS for CP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.015) and LP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.045).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CS maintained better exercise performance in older adults, accompanied by perception that they could perform more repetitions compared to TRAD. However, the CS implemented did not significantly reduce perceived exertion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) under the identifier: ACTRN12622001573741.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-026-03324-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T11:21:49Z","timestamp":1768994509000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute effects of cluster vs. traditional sets on performance and perceptual responses during upper- and lower-limb power-oriented resistance exercises in older adults"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Boliang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Halaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek L.","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy B.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimberley L.","family":"Way","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy C.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glen M.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria A. 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