{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T14:00:18Z","timestamp":1777557618746,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694217600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Monash Bioeth. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Figuring out what pushes individuals to become organ donors has become the holy grail of social scientists interested in transplantations. In this paper I concentrate on solidarity as a determinant of organ donation and examine it through the history of organ donation in Israel. By following the history of transplantation policies since 1968 and examining them in relation to different types of solidarities, this paper leads to a nuanced understanding of the ties between solidarity and health policy. Attempts to foster an all-encompassing consensus on the definition of brain death yielded the Transplantation and the Brain-Respiratory Death Laws of 2008. It was hoped that a wide \u201ccivic solidarity\u201d would render Israel self-sufficient in its organ economy. However, the failure of the law led to the breakdown of civic solidarity in organ donation. As a result, initiatives such as the priority policy and non-directed living organ donations, developed out of a narrower conception of solidarity. Juxtaposing these initiatives sheds light on macro level processes for policy makers and suggests solidarity as a key bioethical concept to understand organ donation policies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40592-023-00179-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T17:01:22Z","timestamp":1694278882000},"page":"49-65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["How did organ donation in Israel become a club membership model? From civic to communal solidarity in organ sharing"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8201-1886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hagai","family":"Boas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"179_CR1","volume-title":"The strains of commitment: The political sources of solidarity in diverse societies","year":"2017","unstructured":"Banting, K., and W. Kymlicka, eds. 2017. The strains of commitment: The political sources of solidarity in diverse societies. Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"179_CR2","first-page":"223","volume":"153","author":"YM Barilan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barilan, Y.M. 2014. From altruism to altruistic punishment: A criticism on granting priority in the waiting list to donor card holders. Harefuah 153 (3\u20134): 223\u2013225 (in Hebrew).","journal-title":"Harefuah"},{"key":"179_CR3","volume-title":"Solidarity","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bayertz, K., ed. 1999. Solidarity, vol. 5. Dordrecht: Springer."},{"issue":"1","key":"179_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13584-018-0203-6","volume":"7","author":"C Berzon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Berzon, C. 2018. Israel\u2019s 2008 Organ Transplant Law: Continued ethical challenges to the priority points model. Israel Journal of Health Policy Research 7 (1): 1\u201312.","journal-title":"Israel Journal of Health Policy Research"},{"key":"179_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1017\/9781316671986.014","volume-title":"Biopolitics in Israel: Socio-legal, political and empirical aspects","author":"H Boas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boas, H., and S. Lavi. 2018. Brain death and organ donation in Israel: The limits of liberal bioethics. 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Organ trafficking and transplant tourism: A comment on the global realities. American Journal of Transplantation 8 (5): 925\u2013929.","journal-title":"American Journal of Transplantation"},{"key":"179_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/phe\/phs007","author":"A Dawson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dawson, A., and M. Verweij. 2012. Solidarity: A moral concept in need of clarification. Public Health Ethics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/phe\/phs007.","journal-title":"Public Health Ethics"},{"issue":"1","key":"179_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13584-020-00376-3","volume":"9","author":"A Elalouf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Elalouf, A., J.S. Pliskin, and T. Kogut. 2020. Attitudes, knowledge, and preferences of the Israeli public regarding the allocation of donor organs for transplantation. 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Heber and data on \u201cMatnat Chaim\u201d are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and materials"}},{"value":"The author declares that he has no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}