{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:21:06Z","timestamp":1777670466778,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578960000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T32HL120823-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32HL120823-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800003I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800003I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800004I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800004I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800005I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800005I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800006I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800006I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800007I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800007I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-020-00699-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T14:19:01Z","timestamp":1579011541000},"page":"687-697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Gendered Race and Setting Matter: Sources of Complexity in the Relationships Between Reported Interpersonal Discrimination and Cardiovascular Health in the CARDIA Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9659-7096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. S.","family":"Bey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. D.","family":"Person","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Kiefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"699_CR1","unstructured":"Secretary\u2019s Advisory Committee on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives for 2020. Healthy people 2020: an opportunity to address the societal determinants of health in the United States. 2010. Accessed online at\u00a0https:\/\/www.healthypeople.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/SocietalDeterminantsHealth.pdf. Accessed 01 Apr 2019."},{"key":"699_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-073014-112305","volume":"41","author":"JC Phelan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Phelan JC, Link BG. Is racism a fundamental cause of inequalities in health? Annu Rev Sociol. 2015;41:311\u201333.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Sociol"},{"issue":"4","key":"699_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.2190\/HS.44.4.b","volume":"44","author":"N Krieger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Krieger N. Discrimination and health inequities. Int J Health Serv Res. 2014;44(4):643\u2013710.","journal-title":"Int J Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"699_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200306000-00003","volume":"325","author":"SB Wyatt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wyatt SB, Williams DR, Calvin R, Henderson FC, Walker ER, Winters K. Racism and cardiovascular disease in African Americans. Am J Med Sci. 2003;325(6):315\u201331.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"699_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s12170-013-0365-2","volume":"8","author":"TT Lewis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lewis TT, Williams DR, Tamene M, Clark CR. Self-reported experiences of discrimination and cardiovascular disease. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep. 2014;8(1):365.","journal-title":"Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"699_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.03.008","volume":"92","author":"KC Ferdinand","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ferdinand KC, Nasser SA. Disparate cardiovascular disease rates in African Americans: the role of stress related to self-reported racial discrimination. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017;92(5):689\u201392.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"5","key":"699_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.01.024","volume":"92","author":"SM Dunlay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dunlay SM, Lippmann SJ, Greiner MA, O\u2019Brien EC, Chamberlain AM, Mentz RJ, et al. Perceived discrimination and cardiovascular outcomes in older African Americans: insights from the Jackson Heart Study. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017;92(5):699\u2013709.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"699_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Williams DR, Mohammed SA. Racism and health I: pathways and scientific evidence. Am Behav Sci. 2013;57(8).\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0002764213487340.","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764213487340"},{"key":"699_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2017.07.007","volume":"100","author":"T Udo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Udo T, Grilo CM. Cardiovascular disease and perceived weight, racial, and gender discrimination in U.S. adults. J Psychosom Res. 2017;100:83\u20138.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"699_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1080\/01419870.2010.516836","volume":"34","author":"CE Harnois","year":"2011","unstructured":"Harnois CE, Ifatunji MA. Gendered measures, gendered models: toward an intersectional analysis of interpersonal racial discrimination. Ethn Racial Stud. 2011;34(6):1006\u201328.","journal-title":"Ethn Racial Stud"},{"key":"699_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szymanski DM, Lewis JA. Gendered racism, coping, identity centrality, and African American college women\u2019s psychological distress. Psychol Women Q. 2016;40(2):229\u201343.","DOI":"10.1177\/0361684315616113"},{"issue":"2","key":"699_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000301","volume":"88","author":"GS Bey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bey GS, Waring ME, Jesdale BM, Person SD. Gendered race modification of the association between chronic stress and depression among black and white U.S. adults. Am J Orthop. 2016;88(2):151\u201360.","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"key":"699_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.10.1370","volume":"86","author":"N Krieger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krieger N, Sidney S. Racial discrimination and blood pressure: the CARDIA study of young black and white adults. Am J Public Health. 1996;86:1370\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"699_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S258","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300523","volume":"102","author":"M Sims","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sims M, Diez-Roux AV, Dudley A, et al. Perceived discrimination and hypertension among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study. Am J Public Health. 2012;102(Suppl 2):S258\u201365.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"699_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2010.05.017","volume":"51","author":"LN Borrell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Borrell LN, Diez-Roux AV, Jacobs DR, Shea S, Jackson SA, Shrager S, et al. Perceived racial\/ethnic discrimination, smoking and alcohol consumption in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Prev Med. 2010;51(3\u20134):307\u201312.","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"699_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932012000429","volume":"45","author":"TJ Cunningham","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cunningham TJ, Berkam LF, Kawachi I, et al. Changes in waist circumference and body mass index in the US CARDIA cohort: fixed-effect associations with self-reported experiences of racial\/ethnic discrimination. J Biosoc Sci. 2013;45(2):267\u201378.","journal-title":"J Biosoc Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"699_CR17","first-page":"34","volume":"23","author":"P Johnson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Johnson P, Markham Risica P, Gans KM, Kirtania U, Kumanyika SA. Association of perceived racial discrimination with eating behaviors and obesity among participants of the SisterTalk study. J Black Nurses Assoc. 2012;23(1):34\u201340.","journal-title":"J Black Nurses Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"699_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.04.027","volume":"75","author":"TJ Cunningham","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cunningham TJ, Seeman TE, Kawachi I, Gortmakera SL, Jacobs DR, Kiefe CI, et al. Racial\/ethnic and gender differences in the association between self-reported experiences of racial\/ethnic discrimination and inflammation in the CARDIA cohort of 4 US communities. Soc Sci Med. 2012;75(5):922\u201331.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"699_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27636","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027636","volume":"6","author":"N Krieger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Krieger N, Waterman PD, Kosheleva A, Chen JT, Carney DR, Smith KW, et al. Exposing racial discrimination: implicit & explicit measures--the My Body, My Story study of 1005 US-born black & white community health center members. PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27636.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"699_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Everson-Rose S, Lutsey P, Roetker N, Lewis T, Kershaw K, Alonso A, et al. Perceived discrimination and incident cardiovascular events: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Am J Epidemiol. 2015;182(3):225\u201334.","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv035"},{"key":"699_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1080\/10463280601055772","volume":"17","author":"F Pratto","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pratto F, Sidanius J, Levin S. Social dominance theory and the dynamics of intergroups relations: taking stock and looking forward. Eur Rev Soc Psychol. 2006;17:271\u2013320.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Soc Psychol"},{"key":"699_CR22","unstructured":"Author and manuscript information blinded for review."},{"key":"699_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483345239","volume-title":"Understanding everyday racism: an interdisciplinary theory","author":"P Essed","year":"1991","unstructured":"Essed P. Understanding everyday racism: an interdisciplinary theory. CA: Sage Publications; 1991."},{"issue":"4","key":"699_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.2011.01122.x","volume":"81","author":"DH Chae","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chae DH, Lincold KD, Jackson JS. Discrimination, attribution, and racial group identification: implications for psychological distress among black Americans in the National Survey of American Life (2001\u20132003). Am J Orthop. 2011;81(4):498\u2013506.","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"699_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.84.5.1079","volume":"84","author":"RM Sellers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sellers RM, Shelton JN. The role of racial identity in perceived racial discrimination. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003;84(5):1079\u201392.","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"699_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.82.3.269","volume":"82","author":"B Major","year":"2002","unstructured":"Major B, Gramzow RH, McCoy SK, Levin S, Schmader T, Sidanius J. Perceiving personal discrimination: the role of group status and legitimizing ideology. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002;82(3):269\u201382.","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"699_CR27","first-page":"139","volume":"1989","author":"K Crenshaw","year":"1989","unstructured":"Crenshaw K. Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: a black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. Univ Chic Leg Forum. 1989;1989(1):139\u201367.","journal-title":"Univ Chic Leg Forum"},{"key":"699_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-018-0507-9","volume":"6","author":"GS Bey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bey GS, Ulbricht CM, Person SD. Theories for race and gender differences in management of social identity-related stressors: a systematic review. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2018;6:117\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40615-018-0507-9.","journal-title":"J Racial Ethn Health Disparities"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"699_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1S","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(91)90002-4","volume":"12","author":"GR Cutter","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cutter GR, Burke GL, Dyer AR, Friedman GD, Hilner JE, Hughes GH, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors in young adults: the CARDIA baseline monograph. Control Clin Trials. 1991;12(1 Suppl):1S\u201377S.","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"issue":"11","key":"699_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90080-7","volume":"41","author":"GD Friedman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Friedman GD, Cutter GR, Donahue RP, Hughes GH, Hulley SB, Jacobs DR Jr, et al. CARDIA: study design, recruitment, and some characteristics of the examined subjects. J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41(11):1105\u201316.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"699_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aickin M, Gensler H. Adjusting for multiple testing when reporting research results: the Bonferroni vs. Holm methods. Am J Public Health. 1996;86(5):726\u201328.","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.5.726"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"699_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S258","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300523","volume":"102","author":"M Sims","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sims M, Diez-Roux AV, Dudley A, et al. Perceived discrimination and hypertension among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study. Am J Public Health. 2012;102(Suppl 2):S258\u201365.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"699_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.38.5.1","volume":"38","author":"VY Womack","year":"2014","unstructured":"Womack VY, Ning H, Lewis CE, Loucks EB, Puterman E, Reis J, et al. Relationship between perceived discrimination and sedentary behavior in adults. Am J Health Behav. 2014;38(5):641\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Health Behav"},{"issue":"12","key":"699_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.09.039","volume":"67","author":"N Krieger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Krieger N, Chen JT, Waterman PD, Hartman C, Stoddard AM, Quinn MM, et al. The inverse hazard law: blood pressure, sexual harassment, racial discrimination, workplace abuse, and occupational exposures in US low-income black, white, and Latino workers. Soc Sci Med. 2008;67(12):1970\u201381.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"699_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260508317182","volume":"42","author":"KM Rospenda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rospenda KM, Richman JA, Shannon CA. Prevalence and mental health correlates of harassment and discrimination in the workplace: results from a national study. J Interpers Violence. 2008;42(5):819\u201343.","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"6","key":"699_CR36","first-page":"455","volume":"16","author":"LC Brewer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brewer LC, Cooper LA. Race, discrimination, and cardiovascular disease. Virt Mentor AMA J Ethics. 2014;16(6):455\u201360.","journal-title":"Virt Mentor AMA J Ethics"},{"issue":"2","key":"699_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.163899","volume":"100","author":"S Shariff-Marco","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shariff-Marco S, Klassen AC, Bowie JV. Racial\/ethnic differences in self-reported racism and its association with cancer-related health behaviors. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(2):364\u201374.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"699_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.12.007","volume":"68","author":"K Fujishiro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fujishiro K. Is perceived racial privilege associated with health? Findings from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Soc Sci Med. 2009;68(5):840\u20134.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"699_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.02.008","volume":"2","author":"AT Geronimus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Geronimus AT, James SA, Destin M, Graham LF, Hatzenbuehler ML, Murphy MC, et al. Jedi public health: co-creating an identity-safe culture to promote health equity. SSM \u2013 Populat Health. 2016;2:105\u201316.","journal-title":"SSM \u2013 Populat Health"},{"key":"699_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mezuk B, Abdou CM, Hudson D, Kershaw KN, Rafferty JA, Lee H, et al. \u201cWhite box\u201d epidemiology and the social neuroscience of health behaviors: the environmental affordances model. Soc Mental Health. 2013;3(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2156869313480892.","DOI":"10.1177\/2156869313480892"},{"issue":"5","key":"699_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-017-0445-y","volume":"5","author":"AB Brenner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brenner AB, Diez-Roux AV, Gabreab SY, Schulz AJ, Sims M. The epidemiology of coping in African American adults in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2018;5(5):978\u201394.","journal-title":"J Racial Ethn Health Disparities"},{"key":"699_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2307\/4149999","volume":"50","author":"CP Jones","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jones CP. Confronting institutionalized racism. Phylon. 2002;50:7\u201322.","journal-title":"Phylon"}],"container-title":["Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40615-020-00699-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40615-020-00699-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40615-020-00699-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T07:17:04Z","timestamp":1665472624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40615-020-00699-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40615-020-00699-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2197-3792","2196-8837"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2197-3792","type":"print"},{"value":"2196-8837","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 July 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Approval for the use of Human Subjects data in the CARDIA study was granted by the Institutional Review Boards of the following institutions:","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"Northwestern University","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"University of Minnesota","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"Kaiser Permanente, Research Division","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}}]}}