{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T08:45:48Z","timestamp":1791017148613,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00MD012615"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00MD012615"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MD015716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MD015716"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MD016037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MD016037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000092","name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01LM012849"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01LM012849"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-023-01560-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T13:03:23Z","timestamp":1678799003000},"page":"773-782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Vigilance and Protection: How Asian and Pacific Islander, Black, Latina, and Middle Eastern Women Cope with Racism"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shaniece","family":"Criss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica M.","family":"De La Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nhung","family":"Thai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quynh C.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulin","family":"Hswen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert C.","family":"Gee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thu T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10077","key":"1560_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30569-X","volume":"389","author":"ZD Bailey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bailey ZD, Krieger N, Ag\u00e9nor M, Graves J, Linos N, Bassett MT. Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions. Lancet. 2017;389(10077):1453\u201363.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1560_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boynton-Jarrett R, Raj A, Inwards-Breland DJ. Structural integrity: recognizing, measuring, and addressing systemic racism and its health impacts. EClinicalMedicine. 2021.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100921.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100921"},{"issue":"4","key":"1560_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549211018675","volume":"136","author":"DH Chae","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chae DH, Yip T, Martz CD, Chung K, Richeson JA, Hajat A, et al. Vicarious racism and vigilance during the COVID-19 pandemic: mental health implications among Asian and Black Americans. Public Health Rep. 2021;136(4):508\u201317.","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"1560_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.08.057","volume":"221","author":"MR Kramer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kramer MR, Strahan AE, Preslar J, Zaharatos J, St Pierre A, Grant JE, et al. Changing the conversation: applying a health equity framework to maternal mortality reviews. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019;221(6):609-e1.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1560_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.202100070","volume":"73","author":"DN Hien","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hien DN, Bauer AG, Franklin L, Lalwani T, Pean K. Conceptualizing the COVID-19, opioid use, and racism syndemic and its associations with traumatic stress. Psychiatr Serv. 2022;73(3):353\u20136.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"issue":"6","key":"1560_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.21101000","volume":"179","author":"SH Hankerson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hankerson SH, Moise N, Wilson D, Waller BY, Arnold KT, Duarte C, et al. The intergenerational impact of structural racism and cumulative trauma on depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2022;179(6):434\u201340.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"1560_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300750","volume":"102","author":"L Bowleg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bowleg L. The problem with the phrase women and minorities: intersectionality\u2014an important theoretical framework for public health. Am J Public Health. 2012;102(7):1267\u201373.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"1560_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hearst MO, Ekwonye A, Munala L, Ismail H, Kennedy E, Buesseler H. Covid-19 and systemic racism pandemics impact daily life for immigrant\/refugees, Minneapolis, USA.\u00a0Ann Glob Health. 2021;87(1):107.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/aogh.3411","DOI":"10.5334\/aogh.3411"},{"key":"1560_CR9","unstructured":"Jeung, R., Horse, A.Y., Popovic, T., and Lim R. Stop APPI Hate National Report [Internet]. Stop AAPI Hate. 2021. Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/secureservercdn.net\/104.238.69.231\/a1w.90d.myftpupload.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/210312-Stop-AAPI-Hate-National-Report-.pdf. Accessed 15 March 2022."},{"issue":"11","key":"1560_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305858","volume":"110","author":"JA Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen JA, Zhang E, Liu CH. Potential impact of COVID-19\u2013related racial discrimination on the health of Asian Americans. Am J Public Health. 2020;110(11):1624\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"1560_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000001411","volume":"28","author":"N Muramatsu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Muramatsu N, Chin MH. Battling structural racism against Asians in the United States: call for public health to make the \u201cInvisible\u201d visible. J Public Heal Manag Pract. 2022;28:S3-8.","journal-title":"J Public Heal Manag Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"1560_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000344","volume":"74","author":"GH Awad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Awad GH, Kia-Keating M, Amer MM. A model of cumulative racial\u2013ethnic trauma among Americans of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) descent. Am Psychol. 2019;74(1):76.","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1560_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2020.08.001","volume":"30","author":"R Mehra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mehra R, Boyd LM, Magriples U, Kershaw TS, Ickovics JR, Keene DE. Black pregnant women \u201cget the most judgment\u201d: a qualitative study of the experiences of Black women at the intersection of race, gender, and pregnancy. Women\u2019s Heal Issues. 2020;30(6):484\u201392.","journal-title":"Women\u2019s Heal Issues"},{"issue":"3","key":"1560_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2018.1439896","volume":"25","author":"L Rosenthal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rosenthal L, Lobel M. Gendered racism and the sexual and reproductive health of Black and Latina Women. Ethn Health. 2020;25(3):367\u201392.","journal-title":"Ethn Health"},{"key":"1560_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1057\/lst.2014.54","volume":"12","author":"V L\u00f3pez","year":"2014","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez V, Chesney-Lind M. Latina girls speak out: stereotypes, gender and relationship dynamics. Lat Stud. 2014;12:527\u201349.","journal-title":"Lat Stud"},{"issue":"4","key":"1560_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1177\/15327086211014632","volume":"21","author":"R Endo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Endo R. Asian\/American women scholars, gendered orientalism, and racialized violence: before, during, and after the 2021 Atlanta massacre. Cult Stud Crit Methodol. 2021;21(4):344\u201350.","journal-title":"Cult Stud Crit Methodol"},{"key":"1560_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nguyen TT, Criss S, Kim M, De La Cruz MM, Thai N, Merchant JS, et al. Racism during pregnancy and birthing: experiences from Asian and Pacific Islander, Black, Latina, and Middle Eastern Women. J Racial Ethn Heal Disparities. 2022.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40615-022-01475-4.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-022-01475-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"1560_CR18","first-page":"204","volume":"21","author":"Y Khodary","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khodary Y, Salah N, Mohsen N. Middle eastern women between oppression and resistance: case studies of Iraqi, Palestinian and Kurdish Women of Turkey. J Int Womens Stud. 2020;21(1):204\u201326.","journal-title":"J Int Womens Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"1560_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/13504630.2013.864467","volume":"20","author":"B Perry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Perry B. Gendered Islamophobia: hate crime against Muslim women. Soc Identities. 2014;20(1):74\u201389.","journal-title":"Soc Identities"},{"key":"1560_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2019.02.007","volume":"33","author":"SA Leonard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leonard SA, Main EK, Scott KA, Profit J, Carmichael SL. Racial and ethnic disparities in severe maternal morbidity prevalence and trends. Ann Epidemiol. 2019;33:30\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"1560_CR21","unstructured":"Artiga S, Pham O, Orgera K, Ranji U\u00a0. Racial disparities in maternal and infant health: an overview. Issue Brief Kaiser Fam.\u00a02020.\u00a0Available online https:\/\/www.kfforg\/da8cdf8\/j. Accessed 28 Dec 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"1560_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-008-9193-0","volume":"32","author":"E Brondolo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brondolo E, Brady ver Halen N, Pencille M, Beatty D, Contrada RJ. Coping with racism: a selective review of the literature and a theoretical and methodological critique. J Behav Med. 2009;32(1):64\u201388.","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1560_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.54.3.271","volume":"54","author":"JS Phinney","year":"2007","unstructured":"Phinney JS, Ong AD. Conceptualization and measurement of ethnic identity: current status and future directions. J Couns Psychol. 2007;54(3):271.","journal-title":"J Couns Psychol"},{"key":"1560_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cross Jr WE, Strauss L. The everyday functions of African American identity. In: Prejudice. In: Swim JK, Stangor  C, editors. Prejudice: The target's perspective.\u00a0Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1998. pp. 267\u2013279.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012679130-3\/50047-8"},{"issue":"6","key":"1560_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-006-9052-9","volume":"42","author":"KH Banks","year":"2006","unstructured":"Banks KH, Kohn-Wood LP, Spencer M. An examination of the African American experience of everyday discrimination and symptoms of psychological distress. Community Ment Health J. 2006;42(6):555\u201370.","journal-title":"Community Ment Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1560_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1037\/1099-9809.13.1.64","volume":"13","author":"MS Bynum","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bynum MS, Burton ET, Best C. Racism experiences and psychological functioning in African American college freshmen: is racial socialization a buffer? Cult Divers Ethn Minor Psychol. 2007;13(1):64.","journal-title":"Cult Divers Ethn Minor Psychol"},{"key":"1560_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mossakowski KN. Coping with perceived discrimination: does ethnic identity protect mental health? J Health Soc Behav. 2003;44(3)318\u201331.","DOI":"10.2307\/1519782"},{"issue":"2","key":"1560_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.42.2.218","volume":"42","author":"ML Greene","year":"2006","unstructured":"Greene ML, Way N, Pahl K. Trajectories of perceived adult and peer discrimination among Black, Latino, and Asian American adolescents: patterns and psychological correlates. Dev Psychol. 2006;42(2):218.","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"1560_CR29","unstructured":"Sarason IG,\u00a0Sarason BR, editors. Social support: theory, research and applications. Vol. 24.\u00a0Berlin\/Heidelberg: Springer Science & Business Media.\u00a02013."},{"issue":"3","key":"1560_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798404266050","volume":"30","author":"K Shorter-Gooden","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shorter-Gooden K. Multiple resistance strategies: how African American women cope with racism and sexism. J Black Psychol. 2004;30(3):406\u201325.","journal-title":"J Black Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1560_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.20.3.223","volume":"20","author":"A Allg\u00f6wer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Allg\u00f6wer A, Wardle J, Steptoe A. Depressive symptoms, social support, and personal health behaviors in young men and women. Heal Psychol. 2001;20(3):223.","journal-title":"Heal Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1560_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.22.2.123","volume":"22","author":"P Symister","year":"2003","unstructured":"Symister P, Friend R. The influence of social support and problematic support on optimism and depression in chronic illness: a prospective study evaluating self-esteem as a mediator. Heal Psychol. 2003;22(2):123.","journal-title":"Heal Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1560_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2307\/2676348","volume":"40","author":"S Noh","year":"1999","unstructured":"Noh S, Beiser M, Kaspar V, Hou F, Rummens J. Perceived racial discrimination, depression, and coping: a study of Southeast Asian refugees in Canada. J Health Soc Behav. 1999;40(3):193\u2013207.","journal-title":"J Health Soc Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"1560_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.024562","volume":"59","author":"N Krieger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Krieger N. Embodiment: a conceptual glossary for epidemiology. J Epidemiol Community Heal. 2005;59(5):350\u20135.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Heal"},{"issue":"2","key":"1560_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327558ijbm1102_2","volume":"11","author":"S Suchday","year":"2004","unstructured":"Suchday S, Larkin KT. Psychophysiological responses to anger provocation among Asian Indian and White men. Int J Behav Med. 2004;11(2):71\u201380.","journal-title":"Int J Behav Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1560_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302706","volume":"105","author":"J Jee-Lyn Garc\u00eda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jee-Lyn Garc\u00eda J, Sharif MZ. Black lives matter: a commentary on racism and public health. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(8):e27-30.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"1560_CR37","unstructured":"O\u2019Reilly KB. AMA: racism is a threat to public health. Am Med Assoc. 2020."},{"key":"1560_CR38","first-page":"606","volume":"9","author":"L Paine","year":"2021","unstructured":"Paine L, de la Rocha P, Eyssallenne AP, Andrews CA, Loo L, Jones CP, et al. Declaring racism a public health crisis in the United States: cure, poison, or both? Front Public Heal. 2021;9:606.","journal-title":"Front Public Heal"},{"key":"1560_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. Thematic analysis.\u00a0American Psychological Association.\u00a02012.","DOI":"10.1037\/13620-004"},{"issue":"1","key":"1560_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000289","volume":"74","author":"NY Chavez-Due\u00f1as","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chavez-Due\u00f1as NY, Adames HY, Perez-Chavez JG, Salas SP. Healing ethno-racial trauma in Latinx immigrant communities: cultivating hope, resistance, and action. Am Psychol. 2019;74(1):49.","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"1560_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cdp0000534","author":"T Yip","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yip T, Chung K, Chae DH. Vicarious racism, ethnic\/racial identity, and sleep among Asian Americans. Cult Divers Ethn Minor Psychol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/cdp0000534.","journal-title":"Cult Divers Ethn Minor Psychol."},{"key":"1560_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perez AD, Dufault SM, Spears EC, Chae DH, Woods-Giscombe CL, Allen AM. Superwoman schema and John Henryism among African American women: an intersectional perspective on coping with racism. Soc Sci Med. 2022.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115070"},{"issue":"1","key":"1560_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14188","volume":"1457","author":"AM Allen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Allen AM, Wang Y, Chae DH, Price MM, Powell W, Steed TC, et al. Racial discrimination, the superwoman schema, and allostatic load: exploring an integrative stress-coping model among African American women. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2019;1457(1):104\u201327.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1560_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/abc.21187","volume":"20","author":"CAG Mwangi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mwangi CAG, Fries-Britt S. Black within Black: the perceptions of Black immigrant collegians and their US college experience. About Campus. 2015;20(2):16\u201323.","journal-title":"About Campus"},{"key":"1560_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijintrel.2015.10.001","volume":"49","author":"E Brondolo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brondolo E, Rahim R, Grimaldi SJ, Ashraf A, Bui N, Schwartz JC. Place of birth effects on self-reported discrimination: variations by type of discrimination. Int J Intercult Relations. 2015;49:212\u201322.","journal-title":"Int J Intercult Relations"},{"issue":"4","key":"1560_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.52.4.497","volume":"52","author":"HC Yoo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yoo HC, Lee RM. Ethnic identity and approach-type coping as moderators of the racial discrimination\/well-being relation in Asian Americans. J Couns Psychol. 2005;52(4):497.","journal-title":"J Couns Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1560_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798410380202","volume":"37","author":"TM Greer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Greer TM. Coping strategies as moderators of the relationship between race-and gender-based discrimination and psychological symptoms for African American women. J Black Psychol. 2011;37(1):42\u201354.","journal-title":"J Black Psychol"},{"issue":"CSCW1","key":"1560_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3392828","volume":"4","author":"A To","year":"2020","unstructured":"To A, Sweeney W, Hammer J, Kaufman G. \u201cThey Just Don\u2019t Get It\u201d: towards social technologies for coping with interpersonal racism. Proc ACM Human-Computer Interact. 2020;4(CSCW1):1\u201329.","journal-title":"Proc ACM Human-Computer Interact"},{"key":"1560_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hakim-Larson J, Scott SA. Arab families from the Levant (Lebanese, Syrian, Palestinian, Jordanian): adaptation and mental health. In: Asian families in Canada and the United States: Implications for mental health and well-being.\u00a0Berlin: Springer; 2021. p. 187\u2013208.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-56452-0_11"},{"issue":"3","key":"1560_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2020.06.004","volume":"59","author":"NN Abuelezam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abuelezam NN. Health equity during COVID-19: the case of Arab Americans. Am J Prev Med. 2020;59(3):455\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40615-023-01560-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40615-023-01560-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40615-023-01560-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T15:26:07Z","timestamp":1744212367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40615-023-01560-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40615-023-01560-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2197-3792","2196-8837"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2197-3792","type":"print"},{"value":"2196-8837","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 November 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 March 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the University of California San Francisco Institutional Review Board (18\u201324593). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of their anonymized quotes.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}