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Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Black men in the United States experience disproportionate rates of incarceration, contributing to adverse mental health outcomes. Yet, research on mental health-seeking behaviors of formerly incarcerated Black men (FIBM) remains limited, often focusing on formal mental health services, leaving knowledge gaps about coping strategies, support networks, and the influence of incarceration experiences on health-seeking behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The purpose was to describe how incarceration shapes FIBM\u2019s health-seeking behaviors for mental health needs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This convergent mixed methods study collected and analyzed data from semi-structured interviews and surveys with 29 FIBM. Reflexive thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used; integrated data analysis examined the relationship between qualitative findings and quantitative measures.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Five themes described how incarceration shaped health-seeking behaviors for FIBM: (1) \u201cI know what I need\u201d reflected self-assessment of mental health needs; (2) \u201cYou learn to depend on yourself\u201d described self-reliance and coping strategies; (3) \u201cTrying to express myself\u201d reflected efforts to engage social support; (4) \u201cHow can you put your trust in that?\u201d highlighted mistrust in carceral mental health services due to historical and personal experiences of harm; and (5) \u201cIt\u2019s not normal for guys like us\u201d described how participants\u2019 navigate stigma and additional barriers in seeking community-based mental healthcare. Integrated data analysis revealed a nuanced understanding of how FIBM expressed their mental health needs compared to their scores on mental health measures.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study shows how FIBM identify and address mental health needs across individual, social, and structural contexts, providing insights for improving mental health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-025-02591-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T14:26:33Z","timestamp":1755095193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["\u201cI Know What I Need\u201d: A Mixed Methods Study of Mental Health-Seeking Behaviors in Formerly Incarcerated Black Men"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0427-2973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena A.","family":"Addison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4104-2621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Therese S.","family":"Richmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3334-3013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toorjo","family":"Ghose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6206-5078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara F.","family":"Jacoby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2591_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-017-0611-1","volume":"54","author":"SKS Shannon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shannon SKS, Uggen C, Schnittker J, Thompson M, Wakefield S, Massoglia M. 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