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Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preterm birth remains a leading cause of infant mortality, with rates disproportionately high among Black women in the United States. While maternal risk factors are well-studied, paternal influences, particularly in Black families, remain underexplored. This study examined associations between paternal factors and preterm birth in a predominantly Black sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed data from 221 fathers in the Fathers Matter study, embedded within the Biosocial Impact on Black Births (BIBB) cohort study. Paternal sociodemographic, health, behavioral and psychosocial data were collected prenatally. Preterm birth, defined as gestational age\u2009&lt;\u200937 weeks was ascertained from medical records of participants in the BIBB study. Logistic regression was used for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Unadjusted logistic regression models showed significant associations between lower annual household income (OR\u2009=\u20092.35, 95% CI: 1.71\u20134.71), light cigarette smoking (OR\u2009=\u20093.17, 95% CI: 1.44\u20136.95), preterm birth. Conversely, paternal age was associated with decreased odds with the highest reduction among fathers 30\u201334 years (OR\u2009=\u20090.12, 95% CI: 0.03\u20130.43) compared to ages 18\u201324. The effects of annual household income and cigarette smoking were attenuated when adjusted for maternal perceived stress and depressive symptoms, while the protective effect of age persisted. These findings highlight the interdependency of paternal and maternal factors in shaping birth outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study advances the field by centering Black fathers, moving beyond deficit-focused frameworks and highlighting the need for father-inclusive approaches that consider diverse contexts in efforts to reduce preterm birth and promote optimal maternal and infant health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-026-03195-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:37:55Z","timestamp":1790951875000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors Influencing Preterm Birth in a Cohort of Predominantly Black Fathers: Preliminary Findings from the Fathers Matter Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3793-4593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosemary","family":"Adaji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn P.","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Giurgescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"3195_CR1","unstructured":"Centers for disease control and prevention. 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The Ohio State University IRB yielded review to Wayne State\u2019s University IRB.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants in the Fathers Matter and BIBB study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no known competing interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}