{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:57:52Z","timestamp":1791212272470,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765324800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav Analysis Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Workload (e.g., direct client responsibilities, supervision, administration, and travel) within applied behavior analysis-based service provision may pose significant challenges for behavior analysts and trainees. Intensive workloads may result in overwork and related ethical issues, such as service and supervision quality issues, personal health issues, and availability of behavior analysts (e.g., absenteeism, turnover, and attrition). This survey of behavior analysts and trainees (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 322) indicated that the average workload exceeded average employee expected workweek hours and recommended client assignments. Behavior analysts\u2019 and trainees\u2019 job responsibilities included many responsibilities beyond client services (e.g., supervision, administration, and travel). Many of these activities remained uncompensated. Respondents reported high levels of work and personal life stressors related to their workload. Owing to the multitude of possible ethical issues related to these workload factors, individuals, organizations, and the field of applied behavior analysis must continue to evaluate these workload variables and enact prevention, assessment, and intervention steps to mitigate overwork for the benefit of the profession and its clients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40617-025-01113-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T16:52:49Z","timestamp":1765385569000},"page":"993-1005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Behavior Analyst &amp; Trainee Workloads: Baseline Reports, Ethical Implications, and Practical Solutions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0029-4219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly A.","family":"Schreck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameryn","family":"Padron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy D.","family":"Caldwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samara J.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1113_CR1","volume-title":"BCBA Fieldwork Requirements","author":"Behavior Analyst Certification Board","year":"2019","unstructured":"Behavior Analyst Certification Board. (2019). BCBA Fieldwork Requirements. Author."},{"key":"1113_CR2","unstructured":"Behavior Analyst Certification Board. (2020). Ethics code for behavior analysts. Retrieved on October 7, 2025, from https:\/\/bacb.com\/wp-content\/ethics-code-for-behavior-analysts\/"},{"key":"1113_CR3","unstructured":"Behavior Analyst Certification Board. (2024a). Board certified behavior analyst handbook. Retrieved on November 11, 2024, from https:\/\/www.bacb.com\/bcba-handbook"},{"key":"1113_CR4","unstructured":"Behavior Analyst Certification Board. (2024b). US employment demand for behavior analysts: 2010\u20132023. Retrieved on October 7, 2025, from https:\/\/www.bacb.com\/team-view\/us-employment-demand-for-behavior-analysts-2010-2024\/"},{"key":"1113_CR5","unstructured":"Behavior Analyst Certification Board. (2025). BACB certificant data. Retrieved on May 28, 2025, from https:\/\/www.bacb.com\/bacb-certificant-data\/#demographic_data"},{"key":"1113_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103616","volume":"100","author":"S Bottini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bottini, S., Wiseman, K., & Gillis, J. (2020). Burnout in providers serving individuals with ASD: The impact of the workplace. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 100, 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103616","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"1","key":"1113_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1080\/01608061.2024.2319623","volume":"45","author":"S Bottini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bottini, S., Slowiak, J. M., & Kazee, A. (2024). Conceptualizing job burnout through a behavioral lens: Implications for organizational behavior management. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 45(1), 80\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01608061.2024.2319623","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Behavior Management"},{"key":"1113_CR8","volume-title":"BCBA Burnout: Causes & Ways to Combat Burnout in ABA","author":"D Brashear","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brashear, D. (2022). BCBA Burnout: Causes & Ways to Combat Burnout in ABA. Manhattan Psychology Group. Retrieved on October 7, 2025, from https:\/\/manhattanpsychologygroup.com\/MPG-blog\/finding-the-light-after-the-burnout\/"},{"key":"1113_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1007\/s40617-018-00303-8","volume":"11","author":"MT Brodhead","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brodhead, M. T., Quigley, S. P., & Wilczynski, S. M. (2018). A call for discussion about scope of competence in behavior analysis. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 11, 424\u2013435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40617-018-00303-8","journal-title":"Behavior Analysis in Practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"1113_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1037\/bar0000219","volume":"21","author":"TJ Brown","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brown, T. J. (2021). Ethics, burnout, and reported life and job attitudes among board-certified behavior analysts. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 21(4), 364\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/bar0000219","journal-title":"Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice"},{"key":"1113_CR11","volume-title":"Applied behavior analysis treatment of autism spectrum disorder: Practice guidelines for healthcare funders and managers","author":"Council of Autism Service Providers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Council of Autism Service Providers. (2020). Applied behavior analysis treatment of autism spectrum disorder: Practice guidelines for healthcare funders and managers (2nd ed.). Capella University.","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"1113_CR12","volume-title":"Practice parameters for telehealth-implementation of Applied Behavior Analysis","author":"Council of Autism Service Providers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Council of Autism Service Providers. (2021). Practice parameters for telehealth-implementation of Applied Behavior Analysis (2nd ed.). Author. Retrieved from http:\/\/casproviders.org\/wpcontent\/uploads\/202112\/Final-Copy-Practice-Parameters-Telehealth-ABA-AMA-References-12.2.2199.pdf","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"1113_CR13","unstructured":"Council of Autism Service Providers. (2024). Applied behavior analysis practice guidelines for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder (3rd ed.). Retrieved on October 7, 2025, from https:\/\/assets-002.noviams.com\/novi-file-uploads\/casp\/pdfs-and-documents\/ASD_Guidelines\/ABA_Practice_Guidelines_3_0-70a721a1.pdf"},{"key":"1113_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16122098","volume":"16","author":"K Dounavi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dounavi, K., Fennell, B., & Early, E. (2019). Supervision for certification in the field of applied behavior analysis: Characteristics and relationship with job satisfaction, burnout, work demands, and support. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, Article 2098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16122098","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"1113_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s40617-020-00442-x","volume":"13","author":"JH Fiebig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fiebig, J. H., Gould, E. R., Ming, S., & Watson, R. A. (2020). An invitation to act on the value of self-care: Being a whole person in all that you do. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 13, 559\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40617-020-00442-x","journal-title":"Behavior Analysis in Practice"},{"key":"1113_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/s40617-021-00625-0","volume":"14","author":"C Jimenez-Gomez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jimenez-Gomez, C., Sawhney, G., & Albert, K. M. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on the applied behavior analysis workforce: Comparison across remote and nonremote workers. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 14, 873\u2013882. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40617-021-00625-0","journal-title":"Behavior Analysis in Practice"},{"issue":"2","key":"1113_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1007\/s40617-021-00649-6","volume":"15","author":"E Kazemi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kazemi, E., Carter, C., & Davies, M. S. (2022). Workplace conflict in applied behavior analysis: Prevalence, impact, and training. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 15(2), 608\u2013618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40617-021-00649-6","journal-title":"Behavior Analysis in Practice"},{"key":"1113_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2015.06.012","volume":"17","author":"E Kazemi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kazemi, E., Shapiro, M., & Kavner, A. (2015). Predictors of intention to turnover in behavior technicians working with individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 17, 106\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rasd.2015.06.012","journal-title":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders"},{"key":"1113_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1037\/bar0000255","volume":"22","author":"MP Kranak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kranak, M. P. (2022). Put out the fire before it spreads: On equipping behavior analysts with strategies to mitigate burnout. Behavior Analysis: Research And Practice, 22, 404\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/bar0000255","journal-title":"Behavior Analysis: Research And Practice"},{"key":"1113_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1177\/10983007231200528","volume":"26","author":"SJ Layden","year":"2024","unstructured":"Layden, S. J., Lorio-Barsten, D. K., Gansle, K. A., Austin, K., & Rizvi, S. (2024). Roles and responsibilities of school-based behavior analysts: A survey. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 26, 52\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10983007231200528","journal-title":"Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions"},{"key":"1113_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1080\/01608061.2019.1668330","volume":"39","author":"LA LeBlanc","year":"2019","unstructured":"LeBlanc, L. A., Sleeper, J. D., Mueller, J. R., Jenkins, S. R., & Harper-Briggs, A. M. (2019). Assessing barriers to effective caseload management by practicing behavior analysts. Journal Of Organizational Behavior Management, 39, 317\u2013336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01608061.2019.1668330","journal-title":"Journal Of Organizational Behavior Management"},{"key":"1113_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489-019-00171-0","volume":"6","author":"MN Novack","year":"2019","unstructured":"Novack, M. N., & Dixon, D. R. (2019). Predictors of burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover in behavior technicians working with individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 6, 413\u2013421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40489-019-00171-0","journal-title":"Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"1113_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.3037","volume":"37","author":"MCB Otto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Otto, M. C. B., Ruysseveldt, J. V., Hoefsmit, N., & VanDam, K. (2021). Investigating the temporal relationship between proactive burnout prevention and burnout: A four-wave longitudinal study. Stress and Health, 37, 766\u2013777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smi.3037","journal-title":"Stress and Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"1113_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/15021149.2018.1438339","volume":"19","author":"C Plantiveau","year":"2018","unstructured":"Plantiveau, C., Dounavi, K., & Viru\u00e9s-Ortega, J. (2018). High levels of burnout among early-career board-certified behavior analysts with low collegial support in the work environment. European Journal of Behavior Analysis, 19(2), 195\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15021149.2018.1438339","journal-title":"European Journal of Behavior Analysis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1113_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/s40617-021-00570-y","volume":"15","author":"JM Slowiak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Slowiak, J. M., & DeLongchamp, A. C. (2022). Self-care strategies and job-crafting practices among behavior analysts: Do they predict perceptions of work-life balance, work engagement, and burnout? Behavior Analysis in Practice, 15(2), 414\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40617-021-00570-y","journal-title":"Behavior Analysis in Practice"},{"key":"1113_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2023.102185","volume":"105","author":"JM Slowiak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Slowiak, J. M., & Jay, G. M. (2023). Burnout among behavior analysts in times of crisis: The roles of work demands, professional social support, and psychological flexibility. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 105, Article 102185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rasd.2023.102185","journal-title":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders"},{"key":"1113_CR27","unstructured":"Syed, N. Y. (2024). Focus on\u2026Ethical caseloads and practice in schools. ABA Ethics Hotline: Dedicated to Independent Ethics Consultation and Guidance. Retrieved on October 7, 2025, from https:\/\/www.Abaethicshotline.com\/ethical-caseloads-and-practice-in-schools\/"},{"key":"1113_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5483","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-021-05402-0","volume":"52","author":"ME Yingling","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yingling, M. E., Ruther, M. H., & Dubuque, E. M. (2022). Trends in geographic access to board certified behavior analysts among children with autism spectrum disorder, 2018\u20132021. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52, 5483\u20135490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10803-021-05402-0","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"}],"container-title":["Behavior Analysis in Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40617-025-01113-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40617-025-01113-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40617-025-01113-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:50:07Z","timestamp":1791211807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40617-025-01113-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40617-025-01113-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1998-1929","2196-8934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1998-1929","type":"print"},{"value":"2196-8934","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Penn State Harrisburg. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained through implied consent and submission of the online questionnaire.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}