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PAPPA regulates IGF ligands 1 (IGF1) bioavailability through the degradation of IGF-binding protein 4 (IGFBP4). After the cleavage of IGFBP4, free IGF1 is able to bind IGF1 receptors (IGF1R) triggering the downstream signaling. Recently, PAPPA expression has been linked with development of several cancers. No data have been published on thyroid cancer, yet.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We evaluated PAPPA, insulin-like growth factor (IGF1), IGF1 receptors (IGF1R) and IGF-binding protein 4 (IGFBP4) mRNA expression levels in a \u201cSurgical series\u201d of 94 thyroid nodules (64 cancers, 16 follicular adenomas and 14 hyperplastic nodules) and in a \u201cCytological series\u201d of 80 nodules from 74 patients underwent to fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). In tissues, PAPPA was also evaluated by western blot.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We found that PAPPA expression was increased in thyroid cancer specimen at mRNA and protein levels and that, adenomas and hyperplastic nodules had an expression similar to normal tissues. When applied on thyroid cytologies, PAPPA expression was able to discriminate benign from malignant nodules contributing to pre-surgical classification of the nodules. We calculated a cut-off with a good specificity (91%) which reached 100% when combined with molecular biology.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These results show that PAPPA could represent a promising diagnostic marker for differentiated thyroid cancer.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-021-01655-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T18:03:45Z","timestamp":1628100225000},"page":"369-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A mRNA expression as a marker for differentiated thyroid cancer: results from a \u201csurgical\u201d and a \u201ccytological\u201d series"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8573-4913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Marzocchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8624-5831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Capezzone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2247-9027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Sagnella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1818-6275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Cartocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7803-6060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Caroli Costantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2422-2575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Brindisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4775-3777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5741-295X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Cantara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2457-1751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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Protocol ID: 10167).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent has been required and signed by each patients enrolled in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}