{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:10:11Z","timestamp":1782742211914,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011218","name":"Sandoz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011218","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endocrinol Invest"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-022-01880-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T12:03:21Z","timestamp":1660305801000},"page":"189-200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Appropriate management of growth hormone deficiency during the age of transition: an Italian Delphi consensus statement"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8779-7283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Cannav\u00f2","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5647-7519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Cappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1410-6143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Ferone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9037-5417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. M.","family":"Isidori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4558-8533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Loche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1310-3300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Salerno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7183-5238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Maghnie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Delphi panel members (paediatric, adult endocrinologists)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Aimaretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Rosaria","family":"Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simonetta","family":"Bellone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Caruso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Castello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Ceccato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Cerbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentino","family":"Cherubini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"de Carlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"De Sanctis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"della Casa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Di Somma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Felicia","family":"Faienza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Gasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Gaudino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Giacomozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Giavoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Guazzarotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Klain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Lania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Leonardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Longhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Lughetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Maggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Malgorzata","family":"Wasniewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Mameli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele Miraglia Del","family":"Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario Carmine Antonio","family":"Palermo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Parpagnoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Persani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Pilotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Pozzobon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Rochira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Rota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Sacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Scarcella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Scavuzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Agostino","family":"Sinisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Elisabeth","family":"Street","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Tornese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1880_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.a2018.0054","volume":"69","author":"A Lewi\u0144ski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lewi\u0144ski A, Smyczy\u0144ska J, Stawerska R et al (2018) National program of severe growth hormone deficiency treatment in adults and adolescents after completion of growth promoting therapy. Endokrynol Pol 69(5):468\u2013524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5603\/EP.a2018.0054","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2016.11.002","volume":"30","author":"A Chinoy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chinoy A, Murray PG (2016) Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in the paediatric and transitional age. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 30(6):737\u2013747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2016.11.002","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"1880_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.4158\/gl-2019-0405","volume":"25","author":"KCJ Yuen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yuen KCJ, Biller BMK, Radovick S et al (2019) American association of clinical endocrinologists and american college of endocrinology guidelines for management of growth hormone deficiency in adults and patients transitioning from pediatric to adult care. Endocr Pract 25(11):1191\u20131232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4158\/gl-2019-0405","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"1880_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00525","volume":"10","author":"G Patti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patti G, Noli S, Capalbo D et al (2019) Accuracy and limitations of the growth hormone (GH) releasing hormone-arginine retesting in young adults with childhood-onset GH deficiency. Front Endocrinol 10:525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2019.00525","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1880_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03347046","volume":"34","author":"ME Molitch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Molitch ME (2011) Growth hormone treatment in adults with growth hormone deficiency: the transition. J Endocrinol Invest 34(2):150\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf03347046","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"1880_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endonu.2013.08.001","volume":"61","author":"C Alvarez-Escol\u00e1","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alvarez-Escol\u00e1 C, Fern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez E, Recio-C\u00f3rdova JM, Bernab\u00e9u-Mor\u00f3n I, Fajardo-Monta\u00f1ana C (2014) Consensus document of the Neuroendocrinology area of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition on management of hypopituitarism during transition. Endocrinol Nutr 61(2):68.e1-68.e11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.endonu.2013.08.001","journal-title":"Endocrinol Nutr"},{"key":"1880_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.2147\/tcrm.S136576","volume":"14","author":"M Ahmid","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahmid M, Ahmed SF, Shaikh MG (2018) Childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency and the transition to adulthood: current perspective. Ther Clin Risk Manag 14:2283\u20132291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/tcrm.S136576","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"1880_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-014-0201-7","volume":"38","author":"G Aimaretti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aimaretti G, Attanasio R, Cannav\u00f2 S et al (2015) Growth hormone treatment of adolescents with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) during the transition period: results of a survey among adult and paediatric endocrinologists from Italy. Endorsed by SIEDP\/ISPED, AME, SIE, SIMA. J Endocrinol Invest 38(3):377\u2013382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-014-0201-7","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1159\/000452150","volume":"86","author":"A Grimberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grimberg A, DiVall SA, Polychronakos C et al (2016) Guidelines for growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I treatment in children and adolescents: growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short stature, and primary insulin-like growth factor-I deficiency. Horm Res Paediatr 86(6):361\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000452150","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-07-0631","volume":"157","author":"KK Ho","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ho KK (2007) Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with GH deficiency II: a statement of the GH Research Society in association with the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Lawson Wilkins Society, European Society of Endocrinology, Japan Endocrine Society, and Endocrine Society of Australia. Eur J Endocrinol 157(6):695\u2013700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje-07-0631","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0179","volume":"96","author":"ME Molitch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Molitch ME, Clemmons DR, Malozowski S, Merriam GR, Vance ML (2011) Evaluation and treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96(6):1587\u20131609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2011-0179","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"1880_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00539-5","volume":"17","author":"C Hage","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hage C, Gan HW, Ibba A et al (2021) Advances in differential diagnosis and management of growth hormone deficiency in children. Nat Rev Endocrinol 17(10):608\u2013624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-021-00539-5","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1880_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01829","volume":"152","author":"PE Clayton","year":"2005","unstructured":"Clayton PE, Cuneo RC, Juul A et al (2005) Consensus statement on the management of the GH-treated adolescent in the transition to adult care. Eur J Endocrinol 152(2):165\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje.1.01829","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1880_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307228","volume":"101","author":"PG Murray","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murray PG, Dattani MT, Clayton PE (2016) Controversies in the diagnosis and management of growth hormone deficiency in childhood and adolescence. Arch Dis Child 101(1):96\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307228","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"5","key":"1880_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1159\/000350829","volume":"79","author":"C Deal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Deal C, Hasselmann C, Pf\u00e4ffle RW et al (2013) Associations between pituitary imaging abnormalities and clinical and biochemical phenotypes in children with congenital growth hormone deficiency: data from an international observational study. Horm Res Paediatr 79(5):283\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000350829","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"1880_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00346","volume":"8","author":"BP Hauffa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hauffa BP, Touraine P, Urquhart-Kelly T, Koledova E (2017) Managing transition in patients treated with growth hormone. Front Endocrinol 8:346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2017.00346","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1880_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.5.6598","volume":"85","author":"N Vahl","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vahl N, Juul A, J\u00f8rgensen JOL, \u00d8rskov H, Skakkeb\u00e6k NE, Christiansen JS (2000) Continuation of growth hormone (GH) replacement in GH-deficient patients during transition from childhood to adulthood: a two-year placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85(5):1874\u20131881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem.85.5.6598","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"1880_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-16-0024","volume":"5","author":"M Ahmid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ahmid M, Perry CG, Ahmed SF, Shaikh MG (2016) Growth hormone deficiency during young adulthood and the benefits of growth hormone replacement. Endocr Connect 5(3):R1-r11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/ec-16-0024","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2646","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2013","volume":"95","author":"M Ko\u0142towska-H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ko\u0142towska-H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m M, Geffner ME, J\u00f6nsson P et al (2010) Discontinuation of growth hormone (GH) treatment during the transition phase is an important factor determining the phenotype of young adults with nonidiopathic childhood-onset GH deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(6):2646\u20132654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2009-2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"1880_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1081","volume":"92","author":"N di Iorgi","year":"2007","unstructured":"di Iorgi N, Secco A, Napoli F et al (2007) Deterioration of growth hormone (GH) response and anterior pituitary function in young adults with childhood-onset GH deficiency and ectopic posterior pituitary: a two-year prospective follow-up study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92(10):3875\u20133884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2007-1081","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1159\/000223422","volume":"71","author":"AM Boot","year":"2009","unstructured":"Boot AM, van der Sluis IM, Krenning EP, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM (2009) Bone mineral density and body composition in adolescents with childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency. Horm Res 71(6):364\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000223422","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"1880_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4516","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.12.6176","volume":"84","author":"G Johannsson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Johannsson G, Albertsson-Wikland K, Bengtsson BA (1999) Discontinuation of growth hormone (GH) treatment: metabolic effects in GH-deficient and GH-sufficient adolescent patients compared with control subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84(12):4516\u20134524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem.84.12.6176","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"1880_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3890","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031588","volume":"89","author":"PV Carroll","year":"2004","unstructured":"Carroll PV, Drake WM, Maher KT et al (2004) Comparison of continuation or cessation of growth hormone (GH) therapy on body composition and metabolic status in adolescents with severe GH deficiency at completion of linear growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89(8):3890\u20133895. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2003-031588","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"1880_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14041","volume":"91","author":"G Binder","year":"2019","unstructured":"Binder G, Donner J, Becker B, Bauer JL, Schweizer R (2019) Changes in body composition in male adolescents with childhood-onset GH deficiency during transition. Clin Endocrinol 91(3):432\u2013439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.14041","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1880_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-12-0070","volume":"167","author":"NA Tritos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tritos NA, Hamrahian AH, King D et al (2012) A longer interval without GH replacement and female gender are associated with lower bone mineral density in adults with childhood-onset GH deficiency: a KIMS database analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 167(3):343\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-12-0070","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1880_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4857","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0551","volume":"89","author":"AF Attanasio","year":"2004","unstructured":"Attanasio AF, Shavrikova E, Blum WF et al (2004) Continued growth hormone (GH) treatment after final height is necessary to complete somatic development in childhood-onset GH-deficient patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89(10):4857\u20134862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2004-0551","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-08-0436","volume":"160","author":"GS Conway","year":"2009","unstructured":"Conway GS, Szarras-Czapnik M, Racz K et al (2009) Treatment for 24 months with recombinant human GH has a beneficial effect on bone mineral density in young adults with childhood-onset GH deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol 160(6):899\u2013907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje-08-0436","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"1880_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030990","volume":"88","author":"W Drake","year":"2003","unstructured":"Drake W, Carroll P, Maher K et al (2003) The effect of cessation of growth hormone (GH) therapy on bone mineral accretion in gh-deficient adolescents at the completion of linear growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:1658\u20131663. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2003-030990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"1880_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4124","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030126","volume":"88","author":"SM Shalet","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shalet SM, Shavrikova E, Cromer M et al (2003) Effect of growth hormone (GH) treatment on bone in postpubertal GH-deficient patients: a 2-year randomized, controlled, dose-ranging study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88(9):4124\u20134129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2003-030126","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"1880_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5273","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030204","volume":"88","author":"LE Underwood","year":"2003","unstructured":"Underwood LE, Attie KM, Baptista J (2003) Growth hormone (GH) dose-response in young adults with childhood-onset GH deficiency: a two-year, multicenter, multiple-dose, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88(11):5273\u20135280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2003-030204","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"1880_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3946","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0208","volume":"90","author":"N Mauras","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mauras N, Pescovitz OH, Allada V, Messig M, Wajnrajch MP, Lippe B (2005) Limited efficacy of growth hormone (GH) during transition of GH-deficient patients from adolescence to adulthood: a phase III multicenter, double-blind, randomized two-year trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90(7):3946\u20133955. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2005-0208","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"1880_CR32","first-page":"203","volume":"10","author":"A Capozzi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Capozzi A, Casa SD, Altieri B, Pontecorvi A (2013) Low bone mineral density in a growth hormone deficient (GHD) adolescent. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab 10(3):203\u2013205","journal-title":"Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"1880_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-15-1203","volume":"174","author":"CJ Child","year":"2016","unstructured":"Child CJ, Blum WF, Deal C et al (2016) Development of additional pituitary hormone deficiencies in pediatric patients originally diagnosed with isolated growth hormone deficiency due to organic causes. Eur J Endocrinol 174(5):669\u2013679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje-15-1203","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1880_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-014-0610-9","volume":"18","author":"AP Otto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Otto AP, Fran\u00e7a MM, Correa FA et al (2015) Frequent development of combined pituitary hormone deficiency in patients initially diagnosed as isolated growth hormone deficiency: a long term follow-up of patients from a single center. Pituitary 18(4):561\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11102-014-0610-9","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"1880_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1159\/000316131","volume":"18","author":"N Mauras","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mauras N (2010) GH use in the transition of adolescence to adulthood. Endocr Dev 18:109\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000316131","journal-title":"Endocr Dev"},{"issue":"10","key":"1880_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01227-3","volume":"43","author":"T Dura-Trave","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dura-Trave T, Gallinas-Victoriano F, Moreno-Gonzalez P, Urretavizcaya-Martinez M, Berrade-Zubiri S, Chueca-Guindulain MJ (2020) Vitamin D status and response to growth hormone treatment in prepubertal children with growth hormone deficiency. J Endocrinol Invest 43(10):1485\u20131492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-020-01227-3","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"8","key":"1880_CR37","first-page":"676","volume":"35","author":"J Oswiecimska","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oswiecimska J, Roczniak W, Romanowicz D et al (2015) Quality of life in transition phase in adolescents and young adults with severe and partial growth hormone deficiency. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 35(8):676\u2013683","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14287","volume":"93","author":"J Mittnacht","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mittnacht J, Choukair D, Breil T, Klose D, Inta I, Bettendorf M (2020) Relation of health-related quality of life to near final height and body composition in adolescents with chronic endocrinopathies during transition period. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 93(6):696\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.14287","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"5","key":"1880_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(02)00045-8","volume":"28","author":"PJHM Stouthart","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stouthart PJHM, Deijen JB, Roffel M, Delemarre-van de Waal HA (2003) Quality of life of growth hormone (GH) deficient young adults during discontinuation and restart of GH therapy. Psychoneuroendocrinology 28(5):612\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0306-4530(02)00045-8","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1159\/000445832","volume":"85","author":"A Thankamony","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thankamony A, Capalbo D, Jonsson PJ, Simpson HL, Dunger DB (2016) Predictors of insulin-like growth factor-I responses to growth hormone replacement in young adults with growth hormone deficiency. Horm Res Paediatr 85(6):379\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000445832","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1880_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2017-0157","volume":"31","author":"S Mohseni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mohseni S, Heydari Z, Qorbani M, Radfar M (2018) Adherence to growth hormone therapy in children and its potential barriers. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 31(1):13\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2017-0157","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"1880_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1159\/000505517","volume":"92","author":"L Atger-Lallier","year":"2019","unstructured":"Atger-Lallier L, Guilmin-Crepon S, Boizeau P et al (2019) Factors affecting loss to follow-up in children and adolescents with chronic endocrine conditions. Horm Res Paediatr 92(4):254\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000505517","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"1880_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.4158\/ep171786.Or","volume":"23","author":"F Bagnasco","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bagnasco F, Di Iorgi N, Roveda A, Gallizia A, Haupt R, Maghnie M (2017) Prevalence and correlates of adherence in children and adolescents treated with growth hormone: a multicenter Italian study. Endocr Pract 23(8):929\u2013941. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4158\/ep171786.Or","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"9","key":"1880_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2017-0146","volume":"30","author":"M Gau","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gau M, Takasawa K (2017) Initial patient choice of a growth hormone device improves child and adolescent adherence to and therapeutic effects of growth hormone replacement therapy. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 30(9):989\u2013993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2017-0146","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"1880_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01218-4","volume":"43","author":"A Blanco-Lopez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Blanco-Lopez A, Antillon-Ferreira C, Saavedra-Castillo E et al (2020) Adherence to treatment in children with growth hormone deficiency, small for gestational age and Turner syndrome in Mexico: results of the Easypod connect observational study (ECOS). J Endocrinol Invest 43(10):1447\u20131452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-020-01218-4","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"1880_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2121","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz149","volume":"105","author":"BS Miller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miller BS, Velazquez E, Yuen KCJ (2019) Long-acting growth hormone preparations\u2014current status and future considerations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(6):e2121\u2013e2133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgz149","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1880_CR47","unstructured":"Skytrofa (2021) FDA approved Denmark long-acting growth hormone: Skytrofa. https:\/\/medicaltrend.org\/2021\/08\/27\/fda-approved-denmark-long-acting-growth-hormone-skytrofa\/. Accessed 19 Nov 2021"},{"issue":"5","key":"1880_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2227","volume":"91","author":"ME Molitch","year":"2006","unstructured":"Molitch ME, Clemmons DR, Malozowski S et al (2006) Evaluation and treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91(5):1621\u20131634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2005-2227","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01880-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01880-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01880-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T15:27:30Z","timestamp":1673623650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01880-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1880"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01880-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1720-8386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1720-8386","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"S. Cannav\u00f2 has received payment from Sandoz for participating in this project and received lecture fees from Pfizer, HRA and Recordati. S. Loche has received consultancy and lecture fees and research support from Merck Serono, consultancy and lecture fees from Sandoz, and lecture fees from Ipsen and Pfizer. D. Ferone has received consultancy fees from Novartis-AAA, Recordati, Sandoz and Camurus. M. Cappa has received consultancy and lecture fees from Sandoz, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Merck Serono. A. Isidori has received consultancies and lecture fees from Sandoz, Merck Serono, Takeda and Novo Nordisk Foundation. M. Salerno has received consultancy fees from Sandoz, Merck, Novo Nordisk and Pfizer, and research support from Merck. M. Maghnie has received consultancy fees from Pfizer, Sandoz, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Ascendis and Biomarin, research support from Pfizer and Merck, and honoraria from Pfizer, Sandoz, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Ascendis and Biomarin.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human or animal participants performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For this type of study, formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}