{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T20:19:22Z","timestamp":1793477962467,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003500","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Padova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endocrinol Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fludrocortisone (FC) is the mineralocorticoid (MC) replacement treatment for patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To explore the dose of FC treatment and its relationship with glucocorticoid therapy, sodium, potassium, renin and clinical parameters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Monocentric cohort.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data of 193 patients with PAI (130 autoimmune) were collected during baseline (T0), intermediate (T1) and last follow-up visit (T2, respectively, after a mean of 38 and 72\u00a0months).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Main outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Utility of endocrine and clinical parameters to titrate FC dose.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>FC dose (50\u201375\u00a0\u03bcg\/daily) was stable in the follow-up in half patients. The MC activity of FC was dose-dependent: we observed a reduced but significant positive linear correlation between FC dose and sodium (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.132) and negative linear correlation between FC and potassium (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.162) or renin (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.131, all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). An overall reduction in the FC dose was observed at T2 in the group with longer follow-up (&gt;\u200960\u00a0months, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Higher doses of FC were observed in patients with low-normal renin, especially in autoimmune PAI (86 vs 65\u00a0\u03bcg\/daily, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). On the contrary, reduced sodium and increased potassium levels were observed in patients with high renin at T2. The number of cardiovascular events (15 in the whole cohort) was similar in patients sorted by renin levels or FC dose.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Renin and electrolytes can indicate the MC activity of FC treatment: they should be routinely evaluated and used to titrate its dose that can be reduced in the long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-022-01889-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T11:06:42Z","timestamp":1660129602000},"page":"111-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Renin and electrolytes indicate the mineralocorticoid activity of fludrocortisone: a 6\u00a0year study in primary adrenal insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1456-8716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Ceccato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Torchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4092-5107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.","family":"Tizianel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Peleg Falb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1081-5727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Barbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1526-6832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Sabbadin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8996-410X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Betterle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9396-3815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Scaroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1710","volume":"101","author":"SR Bornstein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bornstein SR, Allolio B, Arlt W et al (2016) Diagnosis and treatment of primary adrenal insufficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 101(2):364\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2015-1710","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"1889_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4133","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2631","volume":"95","author":"PW Speiser","year":"2010","unstructured":"Speiser PW, Azziz R, Baskin LS et al (2010) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(9):4133\u20134160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2009-2631","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12162","volume":"275","author":"ES Husebye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Husebye ES, Allolio B, Arlt W et al (2014) Consensus statement on the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with primary adrenal insufficiency. J Intern Med 275(2):104\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joim.12162","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"1889_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-019-01079-6","volume":"42","author":"C Betterle","year":"2019","unstructured":"Betterle C, Presotto F, Furmaniak J (2019) Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of Addison\u2019s disease in adults. J Endocrinol Invest 42(12):1407\u20131433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-019-01079-6","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"1889_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-12-0534","author":"F Ceccato","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ceccato F, Albiger N, Reimondo G et al (2012) Assessment of glucocorticoid therapy with salivary cortisol in secondary adrenal insufficiency. Eur J Endocrinol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-12-0534","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1889_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2014.925865","volume":"30","author":"G Johannsson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johannsson G, Skrtic S, Lennern\u00e4s H, Quinkler M, Stewart PM (2014) Improving outcomes in patients with adrenal insufficiency: a review of current and future treatments. Curr Med Res Opin 30(9):1833\u20131847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1185\/03007995.2014.925865","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"8","key":"1889_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-17-0257","volume":"6","author":"DJF Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith DJF, Prabhudev H, Choudhury S, Meeran K (2017) Prednisolone has the same cardiovascular risk profile as hydrocortisone in glucocorticoid replacement. Endocr Connect 6(8):766\u2013772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EC-17-0257","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"11","key":"1889_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4216","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1097","volume":"94","author":"M Sherlock","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sherlock M, Reulen RC, Alonso AA et al (2009) ACTH deficiency, higher doses of hydrocortisone replacement, and radiotherapy are independent predictors of mortality in patients with acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94(11):4216\u20134223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2009-1097","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1889_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30398-4","author":"AM Isidori","year":"2017","unstructured":"Isidori AM, Venneri MA, Graziadio C et al (2017) Effect of once-daily, modified-release hydrocortisone versus standard glucocorticoid therapy on metabolism and innate immunity in patients with adrenal insufficiency (DREAM): a single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30398-4 (Published online 2017)","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02106.x","volume":"61","author":"PM Mah","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mah PM, Jenkins RC, Rostami-Hodjegan A et al (2004) Weight-related dosing, timing and monitoring hydrocortisone replacement therapy in patients with adrenal insufficiency. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 61(3):367\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02106.x","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"1889_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0257","author":"F Ceccato","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ceccato F, Selmin E, Sabbadin C et al (2018) Improved salivary cortisol rhythm with dual-release hydrocortisone. Endocr Connect. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EC-18-0257 (Published online 2018)","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.09.010","volume":"23","author":"M Debono","year":"2009","unstructured":"Debono M, Price JN, Ross RJ (2009) Novel strategies for hydrocortisone replacement. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 23(2):221\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2008.09.010","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.87897.x","volume":"46","author":"JP Monson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Monson JP (1997) The assessment of glucocorticoid replacement therapy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 46(3):269\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.87897.x","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1889_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02473.x","volume":"64","author":"W Arlt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Arlt W, Rosenthal C, Hahner S, Allolio B (2006) Quality of glucocorticoid replacement in adrenal insufficiency: clinical assessment vs timed serum cortisol measurements. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 64(4):384\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02473.x","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"June","key":"1889_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2016.00072","volume":"7","author":"N El Ghorayeb","year":"2016","unstructured":"El Ghorayeb N, Bourdeau I, Lacroix A (2016) Role of ACTH and other hormones in the regulation of aldosterone production in primary aldosteronism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 7(June):1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2016.00072","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1889_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"T17","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-17-0119","volume":"234","author":"JW Funder","year":"2017","unstructured":"Funder JW (2017) 30 years of the mineralocorticoid receptor: mineralocorticoid receptor activation and specificity-conferring mechanisms: a brief history. J Endocrinol 234(1):T17\u2013T21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/JOE-17-0119","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1889_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2019.08.009","volume":"48","author":"F Ceccato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ceccato F, Mantero F (2019) Monogenic forms of hypertension. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 48(4):795\u2013810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecl.2019.08.009","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"1889_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2014.08.008","volume":"29","author":"M Quinkler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Quinkler M, Oelkers W, Remde H, Allolio B (2015) Mineralocorticoid substitution and monitoring in primary adrenal insufficiency. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 29(1):17\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2014.08.008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1889_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2012.11.026","volume":"420","author":"M Ribot","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ribot M, Polito A, Grassin-Delyle S, Annane D, Alvarez J-C (2013) Human plasma quantification of fludrocortisone using liquid chromatography coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry after low-dosage administration. Clin Chim Acta 420:109\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2012.11.026","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"1889_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz055","volume":"105","author":"R Pofi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pofi R, Prete A, Thornton-Jones V et al (2020) Plasma renin measurements are unrelated to mineralocorticoid replacement dose in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(1):314\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgz055","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"1889_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30319-4","volume":"6","author":"S Monticone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Monticone S, D\u2019Ascenzo F, Moretti C et al (2018) Cardiovascular events and target organ damage in primary aldosteronism compared with essential hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 6(1):41\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30319-4","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1889_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-021-01585-6","volume":"44","author":"S Garelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Garelli S, Dalla Costa M, Sabbadin C et al (2021) Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1: an Italian survey on 158 patients. J Endocrinol Invest 44(11):2493\u20132510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-021-01585-6","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"1889_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-73082-0_1-1","volume-title":"Polyendocrine disorders and endocrine neoplastic syndromes","author":"C Betterle","year":"2019","unstructured":"Betterle C, Sabbadin C, Scaroni C, Presotto F (2019) Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS) or multiple autoimmune syndromes (MAS). In: Colao A, Jaffrain-Rea M-L, Beckers A (eds) Polyendocrine disorders and endocrine neoplastic syndromes. Springer International Publishing, pp 1\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-73082-0_1-1"},{"issue":"11","key":"1889_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3888","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2118","volume":"101","author":"M Fleseriu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fleseriu M, Hashim I, Karavitaki N et al (2016) Hormonal replacement in hypopituitarism in adults: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 101(11):3888\u20133921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2016-2118","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"1889_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","volume":"61","author":"E von Elm","year":"2008","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M et al (2008) The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol 61(4):344\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"1889_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25430\/researchdata.cab.unipd.it.00000567","volume-title":"Mineralocorticoid treatment in adrenal insufficiency","author":"F Ceccato","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ceccato F (2021) Mineralocorticoid treatment in adrenal insufficiency. Research Data Unipd. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25430\/researchdata.cab.unipd.it.00000567"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01928","volume":"103","author":"D Esposito","year":"2018","unstructured":"Esposito D, Pasquali D, Johannsson G (2018) Primary adrenal insufficiency: Managing mineralocorticoid replacement therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 103(2):376\u2013387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2017-01928","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"1889_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01386-3","volume":"44","author":"S Puglisi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Puglisi S, Rossini A, Tabaro I et al (2021) What factors have impact on glucocorticoid replacement in adrenal insufficiency: a real-life study. J Endocrinol Invest 44(4):865\u2013872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-020-01386-3","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"1889_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-021-00505-6","author":"A Pathak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pathak A, Poulter NR, Kavanagh M, Kreutz R, Burnier M (2021) Improving the management of hypertension by tackling awareness, adherence, and clinical inertia: a symposium report. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40256-021-00505-6 (Published online November 9, 2021)","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14006","volume":"91","author":"A Vulto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vulto A, Bergthorsdottir R, van Faassen M, Kema IP, Johannsson G, van Beek AP (2019) Residual endogenous corticosteroid production in patients with adrenal insufficiency. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 91(3):383\u2013390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.14006","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1889_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"P1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-1088","volume":"184","author":"M Reincke","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reincke M, Albani A, Assie G et al (2021) Corticotroph tumor progression after bilateral adrenalectomy (Nelson\u2019s syndrome): systematic review and expert consensus recommendations. Eur J Endocrinol 184(3):P1\u2013P16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-20-1088","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1889_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-019-01146-y","volume":"43","author":"AM Isidori","year":"2020","unstructured":"Isidori AM, Arnaldi G, Boscaro M et al (2020) Towards the tailoring of glucocorticoid replacement in adrenal insufficiency: the Italian Society of Endocrinology Expert Opinion. J Endocrinol Invest 43(5):683\u2013696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-019-01146-y","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0104","volume":"175","author":"F Ceccato","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ceccato F, Barbot M, Albiger N et al (2016) Long-term glucocorticoid effect on bone mineral density in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol 175(2):101\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-16-0104","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1889_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3954","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0524","volume":"91","author":"H Filipsson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Filipsson H, Monson JP, Koltowska-H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m M, Mattsson A, Johannsson G (2006) The impact of glucocorticoid replacement regimens on metabolic outcome and comorbidity in hypopituitary patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91(10):3954\u20133961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2006-0524","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"1889_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1975.120","volume":"8","author":"P Weidmann","year":"1975","unstructured":"Weidmann P, De Myttenaere-Bursztein S, Maxwell MH, de Lima J (1975) Effect of aging on plasma renin and aldosterone in normal man. Kidney Int 8(5):325\u2013333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.1975.120","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"1889_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13490","volume":"88","author":"F Ceccato","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ceccato F, Barbot M, Lizzul L et al (2018) Decrease in salivary cortisol levels after glucocorticoid dose reduction in patients with adrenal insufficiency: a prospective proof-of-concept study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 88(2):201\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.13490","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"8","key":"1889_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp071137","volume":"357","author":"AV Chobanian","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chobanian AV (2007) Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. N Engl J Med 357(8):789\u2013796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMcp071137","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1889_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.886762","author":"D Esposito","year":"2022","unstructured":"Esposito D, Falorni A, Johannsson G (2022) Editorial: primary adrenal insufficiency\u2014quality of life and long-term outcome with current treatment strategies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.886762","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"1889_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1159\/000438791","volume":"103","author":"K Schultebraucks","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schultebraucks K, Wingenfeld K, Otte C, Quinkler M (2016) The role of fludrocortisone in cognition and mood in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison\u2019s Disease). Neuroendocrinology 103(3\u20134):315\u2013320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000438791","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01889-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01889-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01889-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T15:27:18Z","timestamp":1673623638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01889-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-022-01889-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1720-8386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1720-8386","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest that might be perceived as influencing the impartiality of the reported research.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was performed in accordance with the guidelines in the Declaration of Helsinki, the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Padova University-Hospital.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}