{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:07:48Z","timestamp":1793210868277,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["05C021_2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["05C021_2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endocrinol Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The aim of our study was to compare the incidence of idiopathic central precocious puberty (CPP) in our highly specialized Endocrinological Center before and after the onset of COVID-19 lockdown; we also aimed to identify any potential difference between girls with CPP from the two different time periods.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed the auxological profile of 49 girls with idiopathic CPP: 30 with pre-lockdown onset and 19 with post-lockdown onset of the disease. We collected patients\u2019 characteristics (medical history, physical examination, baseline and dynamic hormonal assessment, bone age, pelvic ultrasound) and compared them between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We registered an almost threefold increase in CPP incidence in the 2020\u20132021 period compared to the previous six years. In post-lockdown patients we found a trend for an earlier diagnosis in terms of both chronological age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> 0.0866) and days between the onset of first pubertal signs and diagnosis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> 0.0618). We also found that post-lockdown patients had a significantly lower hypothalamus-pituitary\u2013gonadal axis activation (lower \u2206LH% after GnRH test, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> 0.0497), a significantly lower increase in bone age calculated at RUS with TW3 method (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> 0.0438) and a significantly reduced ovarian activation in females (lower delta-4-androstenedione levels, p 0.0115). Interestingly, post-lockdown patients were born from mothers with an older age at menarche (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> 0.0039).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Besides confirming a significant increase in new diagnoses of CPP in the post-lockdown period, our findings among Post-lockdown girls also suggest a less progressive form of CPP and a stronger environmental influence compared to genetic background in determining the timing of pubertal onset.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-023-02146-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T08:02:41Z","timestamp":1691740961000},"page":"315-323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["COVID-19 lockdown and the rate of central precocious puberty"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3141-468X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Goggi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1645-574X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Chil\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1219-8953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Fatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2658-744X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Cangiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0522-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Federici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9082-3558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Galazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2013-0940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8067-2779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Soranna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6396-7284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Vezzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2068-9581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Persani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5454-6074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Bonomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2146_CR1","unstructured":"Harrington J, Palmert MR (2022) Definition, etiology, and evaluation of precocious puberty. 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