{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:34:43Z","timestamp":1790832883870,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82170449"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170449"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endocrinol Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary aldosteronism (PA) diagnosis is affected by antihypertensive drugs that are commonly taken by patients with suspected PA. In this study, we developed and validated a diagnostic model for screening PA without drug washout.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 1095 patients diagnosed with PA or essential hypertension. Patients were randomly grouped into training and validation sets at a 7:3 ratio. Baseline characteristics, plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), and direct renin concentration (DRC) before and after drug washout were separately recorded, and the aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) was calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PAC and ARR were higher and direct renin concentration was lower in patients with PA than in patients with essential hypertension. Furthermore, the differences in blood potassium and sodium concentrations and hypertension grades between the two groups were significant. Using the abbreviations potassium (P), ARR (A), PAC (P), sodium (S), and hypertension grade 3 (3), the model was named PAPS\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      . The PAPS\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      model had a maximum score of 10, with the cutoff value assigned as 5.5; it showed high sensitivity and specificity for screening PA in patients who exhibit difficulty in tolerating drug washout.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PA screening remains crucial, and standard guidelines should be followed for patients to tolerate washout. The PAPS\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      model offers an alternative to minimize risks and enhance diagnostic efficiency in PA for those facing washout challenges. Despite its high accuracy, further validation of this model is warranted through large-scale clinical studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-024-02337-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T03:02:20Z","timestamp":1711508540000},"page":"2539-2550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development of a diagnostic model for pre-washout screening of primary aldosteronism"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3335-9553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Q.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.-W.","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.-H.","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.-Z.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.-H.","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.-J.","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.-M.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.-B.","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.-J.","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2337_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.vh.2018.10.006","volume":"109","author":"JW Funder","year":"2019","unstructured":"Funder JW (2019) Primary aldosteronism: present and future. Vitam Horm 109:285\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.vh.2018.10.006","journal-title":"Vitam Horm"},{"key":"2337_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-4061","volume":"101","author":"JW Funder","year":"2016","unstructured":"Funder JW, Carey RM, Mantero F, Murad MH, Reincke M, Shibata H, Stowasser M, Young WF Jr (2016) The management of primary aldosteronism: case detection, diagnosis, and treatment: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 101:1889\u20131916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2015-4061","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2337_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01613.x","volume":"57","author":"C Seifarth","year":"2002","unstructured":"Seifarth C, Trenkel S, Schobel H, Hahn EG, Hensen J (2002) Influence of antihypertensive medication on aldosterone and renin concentration in the differential diagnosis of essential hypertension and primary aldosteronism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 57:457\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01613.x","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2337_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.01.002","volume":"18","author":"MK Nishizaka","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nishizaka MK, Pratt-Ubunama M, Zaman MA, Cofield S, Calhoun DA (2005) Validity of plasma aldosterone-to-renin activity ratio in African American and white subjects with resistant hypertension. Am J Hypertens 18:805\u2013812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.01.002","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.041780","volume":"51","author":"GL Schwartz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schwartz GL, Turner ST (2005) Screening for primary aldosteronism in essential hypertension: diagnostic accuracy of the ratio of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity. Clin Chem 51:386\u2013394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1373\/clinchem.2004.041780","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2337_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1002024","volume":"20","author":"SAR Doi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Doi SAR, Abalkhail S, Al-Qudhaiby MM, Al-Humood K, Hafez MF, Al-Shoumer KA (2006) Optimal use and interpretation of the aldosterone renin ratio to detect aldosterone excess in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 20:482\u2013489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.jhh.1002024","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(01)80117-7","volume":"37","author":"BJ Gallay","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gallay BJ, Ahmad S, Xu L, Toivola B, Davidson RC (2001) Screening for primary aldosteronism without discontinuing hypertensive medications: plasma aldosterone-renin ratio. Am J Kidney Dis 37:699\u2013705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0272-6386(01)80117-7","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2337_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1500329","volume":"150","author":"L Seiler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Seiler L, Rump LC, Schulte-M\u00f6nting J, Slawik M, Borm K, Pavenst\u00e4dt H, Beuschlein F, Reincke M (2004) Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism: value of different screening parameters and influence of antihypertensive medication. Eur J Endocrinol 150:329\u2013337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje.0.1500329","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2337_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-021-01500-z","volume":"44","author":"D Armanini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Armanini D, Sabbadin C, Boscaro M (2021) Primary aldosteronism: considerations about the evaluation of the aldosterone to renin ratio during canrenone treatment. J Endocrinol Invest 44(9):2009\u20132010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-021-01500-z","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2337_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1097\/hjh.0000000000001940","volume":"36","author":"B Williams","year":"2018","unstructured":"Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, Clement DL, Coca A, de Simone G, Dominiczak A, Kahan T (2018) ESC\/ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European society of cardiology and the European society of hypertension. J Hypertens 36:1953\u20132041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/hjh.0000000000001940","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2019.08.002","volume":"48","author":"GL Hundemer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hundemer GL, Vaidya A (2019) Primary aldosteronism diagnosis and management: a clinical approach. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 48:681\u2013700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecl.2019.08.002","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"2337_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.121.18761","volume":"79","author":"RM Carey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Funder JW, Carey RM (2022) Primary aldosteronism: where are we now? where to from here? Hypertens 79:726\u2013735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.121.18761","journal-title":"Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-022-00948-7","volume":"45","author":"M Yoon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yoon M, Hong N, Ha J, Lee CJ, Ku CR, Rhee Y, Park S (2022) Prevalence and clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism in a tertiary-care center in Korea. Hypertens Res 45:1418\u20131429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-022-00948-7","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"2337_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.17964","volume":"79","author":"F Buffolo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Buffolo F, Tetti M, Mulatero P, Monticone S (2022) Aldosterone as a mediator of cardiovascular damage. Hypertens 79:1899\u20131911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.17964","journal-title":"Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18118","volume":"79","author":"GL Hundemer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hundemer GL, Imsirovic H, Vaidya A, Yozamp N, Goupil R, Madore F, Agharazii M, Knoll G, Sood MM (2022) Screening rates for primary aldosteronism among individuals with hypertension plus hypokalemia: a population-based retrospective cohort study. Hypertens 79:178\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18118","journal-title":"Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3266","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0104","volume":"93","author":"JW Funder","year":"2008","unstructured":"Funder JW, Carey RM, Fardella C, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Mantero F, Stowasser M, Young WF Jr, Montori VM (2008) Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 93:3266\u20133281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2008-0104","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2337_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00010","volume":"121","author":"JD Blumenfeld","year":"1994","unstructured":"Blumenfeld JD, Sealey JE, Schlussel Y, Vaughan ED Jr, Sos TA, Atlas SA, M\u00fcller FB, Acevedo R, Ulick S, Laragh JH (1994) Diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism. Ann Intern Med 121:877\u2013885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00010","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2337_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2014.29.2.217","volume":"29","author":"SH Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim SH, Ahn JH, Hong HC, Choi HY, Kim YJ, Kim NH, Yoo HJ, Kim HY, Seo JA, Kim NH, Kim SG, Choi KM, Baik SH, Choi DS (2014) Changes in the clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism. Korean J Intern Med 29:217\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/kjim.2014.29.2.217","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"key":"2337_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdtm.2019.12.009","volume":"6","author":"H Shen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shen H, Xu ZX, Li QF (2020) New advances in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. Chronic Dis Transl Med 6:1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cdtm.2019.12.009","journal-title":"Chronic Dis Transl Med"},{"key":"2337_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02775.x","volume":"66","author":"WF Young","year":"2007","unstructured":"Young WF (2007) Primary aldosteronism: renaissance of a syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 66:607\u2013618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02775.x","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2337_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.119.14063","volume":"75","author":"J Burrello","year":"2020","unstructured":"Burrello J, Monticone S, Losano I, Cavagli\u00e0 G, Buffolo F, Tetti M, Covella M, Rabbia F, Veglio F, Pasini B, Williams TA, Mulatero P (2020) Prevalence of hypokalemia and primary aldosteronism in 5100 patients referred to a tertiary hypertension unit. Hypertens 75:1025\u20131033. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.119.14063","journal-title":"Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01530","volume":"103","author":"X Meng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meng X, Li Y, Wang X, Li J, Liu Y, Yu Y (2018) Evaluation of the saline infusion test and the captopril challenge test in Chinese patients with primary aldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 103:853\u2013860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2017-01530","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2337_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab348","volume":"106","author":"A Hung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hung A, Ahmed S, Gupta A, Davis A, Kline GA, Leung AA, Ruzicka M, Hiremath S, Hundemer GL (2021) Performance of the aldosterone to renin ratio as a screening test for primary aldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 106:2423\u20132435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab348","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2337_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dgaa080","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa080","volume":"105","author":"GP Rossi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rossi GP, Ceolotto G, Rossitto G, Maiolino G, Cesari M, Seccia TM (2020) Effects of mineralocorticoid and AT1 receptor antagonism on the aldosterone-renin ratio in primary aldosteronism-the EMIRA study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 105:dgaa080. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa080","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2337_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14871","volume":"76","author":"Z Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo Z, Poglitsch M, Cowley D, Domenig O, McWhinney BC, Ungerer JPJ, Wolley M, Stowasser M (2020) Effects of ramipril on the aldosterone\/renin ratio and the aldosterone\/angiotensin II ratio in patients with primary aldosteronism. Hypertens 76:488\u2013496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14871","journal-title":"Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2019-00145","volume":"3","author":"S Pilz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pilz S, Keppel MH, Trummer C, Theiler-Schwetz V, Pandis M, Borzan V, Pittrof M, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Gr\u00fcbler MR, Verheyen N, Stepan V (2019) Diagnostic accuracy of the aldosterone-to-active renin ratio for detecting primary aldosteronism. J Endocr Soc 3:1748\u20131758. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/js.2019-00145","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"2337_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"lvac002","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvac002","volume":"188","author":"M Naruse","year":"2023","unstructured":"Naruse M, Murakami M, Katabami T, Kocjan T, Parasiliti-Caprino M, Quinkler M, St-Jean M, O\u2019Toole S, Ceccato F, Kraljevic I, Kastelan D (2023) International multicenter survey on screening and confirmatory testing in primary aldosteronism. Eur J Endocrinol. 188:lvac002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvac002","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"key":"2337_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.5.6596","volume":"85","author":"CE Fardella","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fardella CE, Mosso L, G\u00f3mez-S\u00e1nchez C, Cort\u00e9s P, Soto J, G\u00f3mez L, Pinto M, Huete A, Oestreicher E, Foradori A, Montero J (2000) Primary hyperaldosteronism in essential hypertensives: prevalence, biochemical profile, and molecular biology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:1863\u20131867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem.85.5.6596","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2337_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.052","volume":"69","author":"S Monticone","year":"2017","unstructured":"Monticone S, Burrello J, Tizzani D, Bertello C, Viola A, Buffolo F, Gabetti L, Mengozzi G, Williams TA, Rabbia F, Veglio F, Mulatero P (2017) Prevalence and clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism encountered in primary care practice. J Am Coll Cardiol 69:1811\u20131820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.052","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2337_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.116.08952","volume":"69","author":"R Baudrand","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baudrand R, Guarda FJ, Fardella C, Hundemer G, Brown J, Williams G, Vaidya A (2017) Continuum of renin-independent aldosteronism in normotension. Hypertens 69:950\u2013956. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.116.08952","journal-title":"Hypertens"},{"key":"2337_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.7326\/m20-0065","volume":"173","author":"JM Brown","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brown JM, Siddiqui M, Calhoun DA, Carey RM, Hopkins PN, Williams GH, Vaidya A (2020) The unrecognized prevalence of primary aldosteronism: a cross-sectional study. Ann Intern Med 173:10\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/m20-0065","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2337_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1917","volume":"97","author":"EM K\u00fcpers","year":"2012","unstructured":"K\u00fcpers EM, Amar L, Raynaud A, Plouin PF, Steichen O (2012) A clinical prediction score to diagnose unilateral primary aldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97:3530\u20133537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2012-1917","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2337_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634879","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.634879","volume":"11","author":"K He","year":"2021","unstructured":"He K, Zhang ZT, Wang ZH, Wang Y, Wang YX, Zhang HZ, Dong YF, Xiao XL (2021) A clinical-radiomic nomogram based on unenhanced computed tomography for predicting the risk of aldosterone-producing adenoma. Front Oncol 11:634879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2021.634879","journal-title":"Front Oncol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40618-024-02337-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40618-024-02337-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40618-024-02337-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T06:17:10Z","timestamp":1726121830000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40618-024-02337-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-024-02337-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1720-8386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1720-8386","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 August 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2016-802).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}