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Speech-(500, 1000, 2000, and 4000\u00a0Hz), low\/mid- (500, 1000 and 2000\u00a0Hz), and high-frequency (4000, 6000, and 8000\u00a0Hz) hearing loss was defined as pure tone average of responding frequencies\u2009&gt;\u200920\u00a0dB HL in the better ear, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In fully adjusted models, for speech-, low\/mid-, and high-frequency hearing loss, compared with no diabetes, those with diabetes (OR[95%CI]: 1.44 [1.12, 1.86], 1.23 [0.94, 1.61], and 1.75 [1.28, 2.41], respectively) and with diabetes for\u2009&gt;\u20095\u00a0years duration (OR[95%CI]: 1.63 [1.09, 2.42], and 1.63 [1.12, 2.36], 2.15 [1.25, 3.70], respectively) were at higher risk. High FBG level was associated with a higher risk of speech-, low\/ mid-, and high-frequency hearing loss. And there were stronger associations between HL and diabetes, longer duration and higher in \u201chealthier population\u201d (no hypertension, no dyslipidemia and younger age).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Diabetes, longer duration, and higher FBG level were independently associated with hearing loss for speech-, low\/mid- and high-frequency hearing loss, particularly in higher frequency and \u201chealthier population\u201d. Paying more attention to hearing loss in those populations could lower the burden of hearing loss.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-024-02406-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T14:01:45Z","timestamp":1718287305000},"page":"233-243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Diabetes and long duration leading to speech-, low\/mid-, and high- frequency hearing loss: current evidence from the China National Health Survey 2023"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2406_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.5484","volume":"4","author":"P-L Kuo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuo P-L, Di J, Ferrucci L, Lin FR (2021) Analysis of hearing loss and physical activity among US adults aged 60\u201369 years. 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The funders had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis and interpretation of the data; they did not intervene either in the writing process nor the decision to publish the outcomes.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from the Bioethical Committee of the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2022134). All study participants provided their written informed consent.The present study was approved by the Bioethical Committee of the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human participants and\/or animals"}},{"value":"The present study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All participants gave informed consent through their written informed consent.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}