{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:25:57Z","timestamp":1791401157211,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["202229ET3S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202229ET3S"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) Spoke 8, WP1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) Spoke 8, WP1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Spoke 6 - Precision Medicine \\& Personalized Healthcare (CUP I53C22000780001)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Spoke 6 - Precision Medicine \\& Personalized Healthcare (CUP I53C22000780001)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endocrinol Invest"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-025-02717-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T09:04:58Z","timestamp":1759914298000},"page":"2735-2745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of 6-month treatment with the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide on 24-hour energy metabolism and body composition in adults with obesity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6888-7080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Basolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giordano","family":"Paolucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Piaggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Angeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Bechi Genzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Fierabracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edda","family":"Vignali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Bologna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Salvetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Chiovato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Natali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Krakoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Landi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferruccio","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2717_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1159\/000511023","volume":"13","author":"F Janssen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Janssen F, Bardoutsos A, Vidra N (2020) Obesity prevalence in the long-term future in 18 European countries and in the USA. Obes Facts 13(5):514\u2013527","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"issue":"10431","key":"2717_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02750-2","volume":"403","author":"Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity","year":"2024","unstructured":"Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity (2024) From 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 403(10431):1027\u20131050","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2717_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000517","volume":"75","author":"TA Wadden","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wadden TA, Tronieri JS, Butryn ML (2020) Lifestyle modification approaches for the treatment of obesity in adults. Am Psychol 75(2):235\u2013251","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"issue":"10434","key":"2717_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00351-9","volume":"403","author":"Q Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shi Q, Wang Y, Hao Q, Vandvik PO, Guyatt G, Li J, Chen Z, Xu S, Shen Y, Ge L, Sun F, Li L, Yu J, Nong K, Zou X, Zhu S, Wang C, Zhang S, Qiao Z, Jian Z, Li Y, Zhang X, Chen K, Qu F, Wu Y, He Y, Tian H, Li S (2024) Pharmacotherapy for adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 403(10434):e21\u2013e31","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"2717_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2022.08.013","volume":"18","author":"D Eisenberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eisenberg D, Shikora SA, Aarts E, Aminian A, Angrisani L, Cohen RV, De Luca M, Faria SL, Goodpaster KPS, Haddad A, Himpens JM, Kow L, Kurian M, Loi K, Mahawar K, Nimeri A, O\u2019Kane M, Papasavas PK, Ponce J, Pratt JSA, Rogers AM, Steele KE, Suter M, Kothari SN (2022) 2022 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO): indications for metabolic and bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 18(12):1345\u20131356","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"2717_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R200","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-21-0130","volume":"10","author":"CR Andreasen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andreasen CR, Andersen A, Knop FK, Vilsb\u00f8ll T (2021) How glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists work. Endocr Connect 10(7):R200\u2013r12","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"11","key":"2717_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-014-0164-2","volume":"31","author":"Q Du","year":"2014","unstructured":"Du Q, Wang YJ, Yang S, Zhao YY, Han P (2014) Liraglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Adv Ther 31(11):1182\u20131195","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2717_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827","volume":"375","author":"SP Marso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marso SP, Daniels GH, Brown-Frandsen K, Kristensen P, Mann JF, Nauck MA, Nissen SE, Pocock S, Poulter NR, Ravn LS, Steinberg WM, Stockner M, Zinman B, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB (2016) Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 375(4):311\u2013322","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2717_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1411892","volume":"373","author":"X Pi-Sunyer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pi-Sunyer X, Astrup A, Fujioka K, Greenway F, Halpern A, Krempf M, Lau DC, le Roux CW, Violante Ortiz R, Jensen CB, Wilding JP (2015) A randomized, controlled trial of 3.0 mg of liraglutide in weight management. N Engl J Med 373(1):11\u201322","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2717_CR10","volume":"17","author":"NI Quinapanta Castro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Quinapanta Castro NI, Almeida M, Orbea AF, Andrade DN, Flores Carrera J, Yepez Vargas F, Carrasco ML (2025) Efficacy of liraglutide for weight loss in overweight and obese non-diabetic adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cureus 17(4):e82479","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"2717_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2025.01.009","volume":"19","author":"PHS Schmidt","year":"2025","unstructured":"Schmidt PHS, Pasqualotto E, Dos Santos HV, de Souza LSN, Dos Santos BE, Chavez MP, Ferreira ROM, Hohl A, Ronsoni MF, van de Sande-Lee S (2025) Effects of liraglutide on body composition in people living with obesity or overweight: a systematic review. Obes Res Clin Pract 19(1):11\u201318","journal-title":"Obes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"11","key":"2717_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvae164","volume":"8","author":"GM Tinsley","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tinsley GM, Heymsfield SB (2024) Fundamental body composition principles provide context for fat-free and skeletal muscle loss with GLP-1 RA treatments. J Endocr Soc 8(11):bvae164","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"2717_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz140","volume":"105","author":"H Kadouh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kadouh H, Chedid V, Halawi H, Burton DD, Clark MM, Khemani D, Vella A, Acosta A, Camilleri M (2020) GLP-1 analog modulates appetite, taste preference, gut hormones, and regional body fat stores in adults with obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(5):1552\u20131563","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2717_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23596","volume":"31","author":"S Santini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Santini S, Vionnet N, Pasquier J, Gonzalez-Rodriguez E, Fraga M, Pitteloud N, Favre L (2023) Marked weight loss on liraglutide 3.0 mg: real-life experience of a Swiss cohort with obesity. Obes (Silver Spring) 31(1):74\u201382","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"2717_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.156113","volume":"164","author":"P Karakasis","year":"2025","unstructured":"Karakasis P, Patoulias D, Fragakis N, Mantzoros CS (2025) Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and co-agonists on body composition: systematic review and network meta-analysis. Metabolism 164:156113","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"6","key":"2717_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.158","volume":"36","author":"A Astrup","year":"2012","unstructured":"Astrup A, Carraro R, Finer N, Harper A, Kunesova M, Lean ME, Niskanen L, Rasmussen MF, Rissanen A, R\u00f6ssner S, Savolainen MJ, Van Gaal L (2012) Safety, tolerability and sustained weight loss over 2 years with the once-daily human GLP-1 analog, liraglutide. Int J Obes (Lond) 36(6):843\u2013854","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2717_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00179-0","volume":"9","author":"IJ Neeland","year":"2021","unstructured":"Neeland IJ, Marso SP, Ayers CR, Lewis B, Oslica R, Francis W, Rodder S, Pandey A, Joshi PH (2021) Effects of liraglutide on visceral and ectopic fat in adults with overweight and obesity at high cardiovascular risk: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 9(9):595\u2013605","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2717_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23098","volume":"29","author":"A Grannell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grannell A, Martin WP, Dehestani B, Al-Najim W, Murphy JC, le Roux CW (2021) Liraglutide does not adversely impact fat-free mass loss. Obesity 29(3):529\u2013534","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"2717_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.05.034","volume":"142","author":"MG Maciel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maciel MG, Beserra BTS, Oliveira FCB, Ribeiro CM, Coelho MS, Neves FAR, Amato AA (2018) The effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on energy expenditure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 142:222\u2013235","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"2717_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.162","volume":"38","author":"J van Can","year":"2014","unstructured":"van Can J, Sloth B, Jensen CB, Flint A, Blaak EE, Saris WH (2014) Effects of the once-daily GLP-1 analog liraglutide on gastric emptying, glycemic parameters, appetite and energy metabolism in obese, non-diabetic adults. Int J Obes (Lond) 38(6):784\u2013793","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2717_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112749","volume":"78","author":"E Ravussin","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ravussin E, Lillioja S, Anderson TE, Christin L, Bogardus C (1986) Determinants of 24-hour energy expenditure in man. Methods and results using a respiratory chamber. J Clin Invest 78(6):1568\u20131578","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"2717_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0893","volume":"182","author":"R Pasquali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pasquali R, Casanueva F, Haluzik M, van Hulsteijn L, Ledoux S, Monteiro MP, Salvador J, Santini F, Toplak H, Dekkers OM (2020) European society of endocrinology clinical practice guideline: endocrine work-up in obesity. Eur J Endocrinol 182(1):G1-g32","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2717_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1159\/000442721","volume":"8","author":"V Yumuk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yumuk V, Tsigos C, Fried M, Schindler K, Busetto L, Micic D, Toplak H (2015) European guidelines for obesity management in adults. Obes Facts 8(6):402\u2013424","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"issue":"2","key":"2717_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/51.2.241","volume":"51","author":"MD Mifflin","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mifflin MD, St Jeor ST, Hill LA, Scott BJ, Daugherty SA, Koh YO (1990) A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals. Am J Clin Nutr 51(2):241\u2013247","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2717_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2017-00253","volume":"39","author":"GA Bray","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bray GA, Heisel WE, Afshin A, Jensen MD, Dietz WH, Long M, Kushner RF, Daniels SR, Wadden TA, Tsai AG, Hu FB, Jakicic JM, Ryan DH, Wolfe BM, Inge TH (2018) The science of obesity management: an endocrine society scientific statement. Endocr Rev 39(2):79\u2013132","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"2717_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2019.0237","volume":"29","author":"A Basolo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Basolo A, Begaye B, Hollstein T, Vinales KL, Walter M, Santini F, Krakoff J, Piaggi P (2019) Effects of short-term fasting and different overfeeding diets on thyroid hormones in healthy humans. Thyroid 29(9):1209\u20131219","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"5","key":"2717_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa098","volume":"105","author":"T Hollstein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hollstein T, Basolo A, Ando T, Votruba SB, Walter M, Krakoff J, Piaggi P (2020) Recharacterizing the metabolic state of energy balance in thrifty and spendthrift phenotypes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(5):1375\u20131392","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2717_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2024.106108","volume":"92","author":"G Bandini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bandini G, Landi A, Santini F, Basolo A, Marracci M, Piaggi P (2024) Derivation of the effective air volume of indirect room calorimeters: an uncertainty-based approach. Biomed Signal Process Control 92:106108","journal-title":"Biomed Signal Process Control"},{"key":"2717_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2023.3244226","volume":"72","author":"G Bandini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bandini G, Landi A, Santini F, Basolo A, Marracci M, Piaggi P (2023) Sensitivity analysis of whole-room indirect calorimeters at the steady-state condition. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 72:1\u20138","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"issue":"1","key":"2717_CR30","first-page":"23","volume":"6","author":"Y Schutz","year":"1982","unstructured":"Schutz Y, Ravussin E, Diethelm R, Jequier E (1982) Spontaneous physical activity measured by radar in obese and control subject studied in a respiration chamber. Int J Obes 6(1):23\u201328","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"12","key":"2717_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4043","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-0785","volume":"62","author":"P Piaggi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Piaggi P, Krakoff J, Bogardus C, Thearle MS (2013) Lower awake and fed thermogenesis predicts future weight gain in subjects with abdominal adiposity. Diabetes 62(12):4043\u20134051","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"2717_CR32","first-page":"E332","volume":"255","author":"WG Abbott","year":"1988","unstructured":"Abbott WG, Howard BV, Christin L, Freymond D, Lillioja S, Boyce VL, Anderson TE, Bogardus C, Ravussin E (1988) Short-term energy balance: relationship with protein, carbohydrate, and fat balances. Am J Physiol 255(3 Pt 1):E332\u2013E337","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2717_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2024.100335","volume":"15","author":"SB Heymsfield","year":"2024","unstructured":"Heymsfield SB, Brown J, Ramirez S, Prado CM, Tinsley GM, Gonzalez MC (2024) Are lean body mass and fat-free mass the same or different body components? A critical perspective. Adv Nutr 15(12):100335","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2717_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22726","volume":"28","author":"TA Wadden","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wadden TA, Tronieri JS, Sugimoto D, Lund MT, Auerbach P, Jensen C, Rubino D (2020) Liraglutide 3.0 mg and intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) for obesity in primary care: the SCALE ibt randomized controlled trial. Obes (Silver Spring) 28(3):529\u2013536","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"18","key":"2717_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028198","volume":"384","author":"JR Lundgren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lundgren JR, Janus C, Jensen SBK, Juhl CR, Olsen LM, Christensen RM, Svane MS, Bandholm T, Bojsen-M\u00f8ller KN, Blond MB, Jensen JB, Stallknecht BM, Holst JJ, Madsbad S, Torekov SS (2021) Healthy weight loss maintenance with exercise, liraglutide, or both combined. N Engl J Med 384(18):1719\u20131730","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2717_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22462","volume":"27","author":"S Wharton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wharton S, Liu A, Pakseresht A, N\u00f8rtoft E, Haase CL, Mancini J, Power GS, Vanderlelie S, Christensen RAG (2019) Real-world clinical effectiveness of liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight management in Canada. Obes (Silver Spring) 27(6):917\u2013924","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"12","key":"2717_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01334-1","volume":"43","author":"F Ferrari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferrari F, Fierabracci P, Salvetti G, Jaccheri R, Vitti J, Scartabelli G, Meola A, Magno S, Ceccarini G, Santini F (2020) Weight loss effect of liraglutide in real-life: the experience of a single Italian obesity center. J Endocrinol Invest 43(12):1779\u20131785","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"11","key":"2717_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5488","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15845","volume":"26","author":"M Go\u00ebau-Brissonni\u00e8re","year":"2024","unstructured":"Go\u00ebau-Brissonni\u00e8re M, Rives-Lange C, Phan A, Kourti E, Rassy N, Lu E, Barsamian C, Czernichow S, Carette C (2024) Real-life use of liraglutide 3 mg in obesity management: the SAX-RL study. Diabetes Obes Metab 26(11):5488\u20135491","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2717_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12594","volume":"13","author":"A Alshehri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alshehri A, AlFaris N, Al Qahtani AM, Shams M, Yahia M (2023) Clinical effectiveness of liraglutide 3.0 mg and impact of weight loss in improving obesity-related comorbid conditions in King Fahad Medical City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a real-world experience. Clin Obes 13(4):e12594","journal-title":"Clin Obes"},{"issue":"5","key":"2717_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1159\/000518325","volume":"14","author":"CL Haase","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haase CL, Serratore Achenbach MG, Lucrezi G, Jeswani N, Maurer S, Egermann U (2021) Use of liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight management in a real-world setting in Switzerland. Obes Facts 14(5):568\u2013576","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"issue":"3","key":"2717_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-021-01019-6","volume":"46","author":"G Calderon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Calderon G, Gonzalez-Izundegui D, Shan KL, Garcia-Valencia OA, Cifuentes L, Campos A, Collazo-Clavell ML, Shah M, Hurley DL, Abu Lebdeh HS, Sharma M, Schmitz K, Clark MM, Grothe K, Mundi MS, Camilleri M, Abu Dayyeh BK, Hurtado Andrade MD, Mokadem MA, Acosta A (2022) Effectiveness of anti-obesity medications approved for long-term use in a multidisciplinary weight management program: a multi-center clinical experience. Int J Obes (Lond) 46(3):555\u2013563","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2717_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e832","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad100","volume":"108","author":"MA Weintraub","year":"2023","unstructured":"Weintraub MA, D\u2019Angelo D, Tchang BG, Sahagun AD, Andre C, Aronne LJ, Shukla AP (2023) Five-year weight loss maintenance with obesity pharmacotherapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 108(9):e832\u2013e41","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"2717_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmac141","volume":"40","author":"S Leventhal-Perek","year":"2023","unstructured":"Leventhal-Perek S, Shani M, Schonmann Y (2023) Effectiveness and persistence of anti-obesity medications (liraglutide 3\u00a0mg, lorcaserin, and orlistat) in a real-world primary care setting. Fam Pract 40(5\u20136):629\u2013637","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"2717_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-023-06895-7","volume":"34","author":"R Wilmington","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wilmington R, Ardavani A, Simenacz A, Green C, Idris I (2024) Liraglutide 3.0\u00a0mg (Saxenda\u00a9) for weight loss and remission of pre-diabetes. Real-world clinical evaluation of effectiveness among patients awaiting bariatric surgery. Obes Surg 34(1):286\u2013289","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"2717_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S425642","volume":"16","author":"J Xiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiang J, Qin L, Zhong J, Xia N, Liang Y (2023) GLP-1RA liraglutide and semaglutide improves obesity-induced muscle atrophy via SIRT1 pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 16:2433\u20132446","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"2717_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2019.154044","volume":"103","author":"AA Gurjar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gurjar AA, Kushwaha S, Chattopadhyay S, Das N, Pal S, China SP, Kumar H, Trivedi AK, Guha R, Chattopadhyay N, Sanyal S (2020) Long acting GLP-1 analog liraglutide ameliorates skeletal muscle atrophy in rodents. Metabolism 103:154044","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2717_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basolo A, Piaggi P, Angeli V, Fierabracci P, Bologna C, Vignali E, Troiani D, Jaccheri R, Pelosini C, Paoli M, Salvetti G, Chiovato L, Krakoff J, Landi A, Santini F (2025) Effects of One-Month Very-Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet on 24\u00a0h Energy Metabolism and Body Composition in Women with Obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Epub ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf196"},{"issue":"8","key":"2717_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.8.1915","volume":"27","author":"H Harder","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harder H, Nielsen L, Tu DT, Astrup A (2004) The effect of liraglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 derivative, on glycemic control, body composition, and 24-h energy expenditure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 27(8):1915\u20131921","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"2717_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2016.03.009","volume":"65","author":"OM Farr","year":"2016","unstructured":"Farr OM, Tsoukas MA, Triantafyllou G, Dincer F, Filippaios A, Ko BJ, Mantzoros CS (2016) Short-term administration of the GLP-1 analog liraglutide decreases circulating leptin and increases GIP levels and these changes are associated with alterations in CNS responses to food cues: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Metabolism 65(7):945\u2013953","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"10","key":"2717_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3346","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0302","volume":"63","author":"D Beiroa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Beiroa D, Imbernon M, Gallego R, Senra A, Herranz D, Villarroya F, Serrano M, Fern\u00f8 J, Salvador J, Escalada J, Dieguez C, Lopez M, Fr\u00fchbeck G, Nogueiras R (2014) GLP-1 agonism stimulates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and browning through hypothalamic AMPK. Diabetes 63(10):3346\u20133358","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2717_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154167","volume":"106","author":"LGM Janssen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Janssen LGM, Nahon KJ, Brack\u00e9 KFM, van den Broek D, Smit R, Sardjoe Mishre ASD, Koorneef LL, Martinez-Tellez B, Burakiewicz J, Kan HE, van Velden FHP, Arias-Bouda P, de Geus-Oei LM, Berb\u00e9e LF, Jazet JFP, Boon IM, Rensen MR (2020) Twelve weeks of exenatide treatment increases [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by brown adipose tissue without affecting oxidative resting energy expenditure in nondiabetic males. Metabolism 106:154167","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"4","key":"2717_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0895(199812)14:4<263::AID-DMR233>3.0.CO;2-C","volume":"14","author":"PJ Randle","year":"1998","unstructured":"Randle PJ (1998) Regulatory interactions between lipids and carbohydrates: the glucose fatty acid cycle after 35 years. Diabetes Metab Rev 14(4):263\u2013283","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Rev"},{"issue":"9701","key":"2717_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61375-1","volume":"374","author":"A Astrup","year":"2009","unstructured":"Astrup A, R\u00f6ssner S, Van Gaal L, Rissanen A, Niskanen L, Al Hakim M, Madsen J, Rasmussen MF, Lean ME (2009) Effects of liraglutide in the treatment of obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet 374(9701):1606\u20131616","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"2717_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.9676","volume":"314","author":"MJ Davies","year":"2015","unstructured":"Davies MJ, Bergenstal R, Bode B, Kushner RF, Lewin A, Skj\u00f8th TV, Andreasen AH, Jensen CB, DeFronzo RA (2015) Efficacy of liraglutide for weight loss among patients with type 2 diabetes: the SCALE diabetes randomized clinical trial. JAMA 314(7):687\u2013699","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"2717_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.52","volume":"40","author":"A Blackman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blackman A, Foster GD, Zammit G, Rosenberg R, Aronne L, Wadden T, Claudius B, Jensen CB, Mignot E (2016) Effect of liraglutide 3.0 mg in individuals with obesity and moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea: the SCALE sleep apnea randomized clinical trial. Int J Obes (Lond) 40(8):1310\u20131319","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40618-025-02717-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40618-025-02717-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40618-025-02717-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T17:06:39Z","timestamp":1762880799000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40618-025-02717-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["2717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-025-02717-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1720-8386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1720-8386","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"FS has run projects for and\/or served as a consultant, board member, and\/or speaker for Novonordisk. A.B. is member of the editorial board of the Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. A.B., G.P., V.A., S.B.G., P.F., C.B., G.S., F.S. have received travel funds from Novo Nordisk.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee for Clinical Trials of the Tuscany, Region Section: AREA VASTA NORD OVEST (register number 19543). All patients gave their written and informed consent to participate. The procedures employed in the study are in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical statement"}}]}}