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According to the value of basal serum T level, there were 488 cases in the high T group (&gt;\u20090.75 ng\/ml) and 866 cases in the non-high T group (\u2264\u20090.75 ng\/ml), and the outcomes of embryo transfer cycles were compared among the patients in each group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on the LH\/FSH ratio and testosterone (T) levels, patients were divided into four groups: Group A (LH\/FSH\u2009&lt;\u20092, T\u2009\u2264\u20090.75 ng\/ml), Group B (LH\/FSH\u2009&lt;\u20092, T\u2009&gt;\u20090.75 ng\/ml), Group C (LH\/FSH\u2009\u2265\u20092, T\u2009\u2264\u20090.75 ng\/ml), and Group D (LH\/FSH\u2009\u2265\u20092, T\u2009&gt;\u20090.75 ng\/ml). There were no statistically significant differences in embryo quality among the four groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Regarding pregnancy outcomes, Group B had the lowest live birth rate (51.56%), which was significantly lower than those of Group A (61.87%), Group C (59.79%), and Group D (68.10%)(\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.05). Meanwhile, Group B had the highest miscarriage rate (22.38%), significantly higher than the other three groups (10.98%, 12.43%, and 12.90%) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, logistic regression analysis using Group A as the reference showed that Group B had a significantly increased risk of miscarriage (\n                      <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092.200, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.325\u20133.653,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002) and a significantly lower live birth rate (\n                      <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.719, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.520\u20130.994,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.046).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with PCOS, a high LH\/FSH ratio accompanied by elevated testosterone levels was not strongly associated with the likelihood of achieving a live birth. However, in the subgroup with an LH\/FSH ratio\u2009\u2264\u20092, elevated testosterone levels may be associated with a reduced likelihood of live birth and an increased risk of miscarriage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-026-02902-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T06:45:13Z","timestamp":1781333113000},"page":"2855-2864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of concordance between basal LH\/FSH ratio and testosterone levels on pregnancy outcomes in patients with PCOS undergoing IVF-ET cycle: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Hongyi","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si Qing","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiarong","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honglu","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0174-5576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2902_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh098","volume":"19","author":"ESHRE Rotterdam","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rotterdam ESHRE, ASRM-Sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group (2004) Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). 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