{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T11:35:37Z","timestamp":1786534537048,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Eli Lilly Italia","award":["Not applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not applicable"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endocrinol Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive approach to the management of obesity, considering its complications besides the disease itself, may be advantageous, and effective obesity medications are now available. Several aspects of the integrated management of overweight\/obesity are still unclear or are rapidly evolving.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a multicenter, multispecialty consensus based on the iterative modified Delphi methodology. The study ensured the fundamental principles of anonymity, iteration, controlled feedback, and statistical stability of the consensus. Management of two main patient subgroups was investigated, i.e., patients with overweight (body mass index, BMI 27-&lt;30\u00a0kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) with \u2265\u20091 weight-related comorbidity, and patients with obesity (BMI\u2009\u2265\u200930\u00a0kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Fifteen panelists had the required criteria and participated in the survey. Two Delphi rounds were required to complete the study, for a total of 93 items investigated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Almost all panelists (high consensus, 93% agreement) described their typical patient as one with overweight or obesity combined with other cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Full consensus (100% agreement) emerged that early control of body weight in patients with overweight or obesity may exert a favorable long-term effect on CV risk and may decrease the risk of early mortality, and that early treatment with novel pharmacological treatments may decrease substantially the risk of CV events. The target for weight loss was agreed by the experts at 10% to 15% reduction in patients with overweight\/comorbidities (full consensus, 100% agreement) and 15% reduction in patients with obesity (borderline consensus, 67% agreement). The panel recognized the improved control of multiple metabolic parameters (i.e., glycemia, blood pressure, lipids) among the main potential benefits of novel pharmacological treatments (full consensus, 100% agreement).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Broad agreement was found across several topics related to obesity management, including the recognized value of an early, effective pharmacological treatment to control overweight\/obesity, and the relevance of addressing multiple CV risk factors in addition to reducing body weight.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-026-03010-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T11:00:01Z","timestamp":1786532401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early integrated management and characteristics of adult patients with overweight and obesity: a modified delphi consensus study in Italy"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Valeria","family":"Guglielmi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Musumeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1934-5167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlotta","family":"Galeone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Mariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Baratta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Bellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Cameli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Castaldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arturo","family":"Cesaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Cosentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Della Riva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovico","family":"Di Gioia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Infante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Milone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Mirani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saverio","family":"Muscoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Ragozzino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Sani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Zenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uberto","family":"Pagotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Sbraccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"3010_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01210-8","volume":"404","author":"I Lingvay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lingvay I, Cohen RV, Roux CWL, Sumithran P (2024) Obesity in adults. 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C.G.: Eli Lilly (participation in advisory board). N.Co.: Alnalym, Astra Zeneca, Aurora Biopharma, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Pfizer. L.D.G.: Eli Lilly, Roche Diabetes Care, MOVI SpA, Sanofi, Theras (honoraria); Abbott, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi (support for attending meetings or travels); Eli Lilly, Sanofi (participation on Advisory Boards). M.M.: Lilly Italia, Novo Nordisk, Astra Zeneca (travel grant and honoraria). S.M.: Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Regeneron. G.R.: Eli Lilly, Bruno Farmaceutici, Astra Zeneca. U.P.: Advisory Board: Novo Nordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly Italia; Speaker fee: Novo Nordisk, Astra Zeneca, Bruno Farmaceutici, Rhythm Pharma, International Medical Press, Lilly Italia, Merck; Unrestricted grant: Novo Nordisk; Editor in Chief of the Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. P.S.: serves\/ed on scientific advisory boards and received honoraria or consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Roche and Theras. Other authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}