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Growing evidence suggests a potential role of vitamin D in glucose metabolism and diabetes prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To provide a clinically oriented interpretation of the available evidence on epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical implications, and management of prediabetes, with a specific focus on the rationale and evidence supporting vitamin D supplementation in individuals at increased metabolic risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A multidisciplinary panel of Italian experts in endocrinology, diabetology, and metabolic diseases reviewed current guidelines, epidemiological studies, randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and recent consensus statements addressing prediabetes and vitamin D.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prediabetes is a dynamic and potentially reversible condition characterized by heterogeneous trajectories of progression, persistence, or regression. Lifestyle intervention remains the cornerstone of prevention. Vitamin D deficiency is common among individuals with prediabetes and may contribute to insulin resistance, \u03b2-cell dysfunction, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Clinical trials and meta-analyses suggest that vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of progression to T2DM and increase the likelihood of regression to normoglycemia, particularly in individuals with vitamin D deficiency or high metabolic risk, although treatment effects remain heterogeneous.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the growing clinical and public health burden of prediabetes, early identification and personalized preventive strategies are needed. Current evidence supports consideration of vitamin D supplementation as a complementary intervention in selected high-risk individuals with documented deficiency, while further studies are required to better define optimal treatment targets and patient selection criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-026-03026-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T12:13:20Z","timestamp":1787832800000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prediabetes: diagnostic aspects, clinical features, and emerging therapeutic opportunities, with a focus on Vitamin D"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Aimaretti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Avogaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Buzzetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Candido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Colao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. 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A.A. received honoraria for speaker activities, for serving on advisory boards, or consultancy from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Amarin, Bruno Farmaceutici, Amgen, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi.\n                      R.B.\n                      received honoraria for speaker activities, for serving on advisory boards, or consultancy from Abbott, Abiogen Farma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daichii, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Guidotti, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Theras.\n                      R.C.\n                      received honoraria for speaker activities, for serving on advisory boards, or consultancy from Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli-Lilly, Mundipharma Pharmaceutica, Novo Nordisk, Astra-Zeneca, Sanofi-Aventis, Roche Diabetes Care, Mundipharma, Abbott, MSD, Neopharmed Gentili, Menarini, Essex Italia, Ascensia Diabetes.\n                      L.L.\n                      received honoraria for speaker activity, research support or consulted for: Abiogen, Eli-Lilly, Novo-Nordisk, Boeringher-Ingelheim, Savio, Italfarmaco, Amgen, Medtronic, MOVI, Theras Ascendis.\n                      L.M.\n                      received honoraria for speaker activities or for serving on advisory boards from Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Guidotti, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi.\u00a0\n                      N.N.\n                      occasionally consulted for Abiogen and Bruno farmaceutici.\n                      A.G.\n                      occasionally consulted for Abiogen.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}