{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T04:52:45Z","timestamp":1777870365789,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644364800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006484","name":"vifor pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hyperphosphatemia is a common complication in dialysis-dependent patients with chronic kidney disease. Most dialysis-dependent patients need oral phosphate binder therapy to control serum phosphorus concentrations. Most phosphate binders have a high daily pill burden, which may reduce treatment adherence and impair phosphorus control. Sucroferric oxyhydroxide is a potent iron-based phosphate binder approved for use in dialysis-dependent patients in 2013. A randomized controlled trial of sucroferric oxyhydroxide demonstrated its efficacy for reduction of serum phosphorus with a lower pill burden than sevelamer carbonate. Clinical trials carefully select patients, monitor adherence, and routinely titrate medications to a protocol-defined goal. Consequently, trials may not reflect real-world use of medications. Since its approval, we and others have performed retrospective and prospective analyses of sucroferric oxyhydroxide in real-world clinical practice in\u2009&gt;\u20096400 hemodialysis and approximately 500 peritoneal dialysis patients in the USA and Europe. Consistent with the clinical trial data, real-world observational studies have demonstrated that sucroferric oxyhydroxide can effectively reduce serum phosphorus with a lower daily pill burden than most other phosphate binders. These studies have also shown sucroferric oxyhydroxide provides effective serum phosphorus control in different treatment settings, including as monotherapy in phosphate binder-na\u00efve patients, in patients switching from other phosphate binders, or when used in combination with other phosphate binders. These observational studies indicate a favorable safety and tolerability profile, and minimal, if any, systemic iron absorption. This article reviews the key results from these observational studies of sucroferric oxyhydroxide and evaluates its role in the management of hyperphosphatemia in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-021-01241-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T09:02:49Z","timestamp":1644397369000},"page":"875-888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sucroferric oxyhydroxide for hyperphosphatemia: a review of real-world evidence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9786-5235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel W.","family":"Coyne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart M.","family":"Sprague","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Vervloet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamyar","family":"Kalantar-Zadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1241_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2019.06.002","volume":"4","author":"FC Barreto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barreto FC, Barreto DV, Massy ZA, Drueke TB (2019) Strategies for phosphate control in patients with CKD. Kidney Int Rep 4:1043\u20131056","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"1241_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.1998.v31.pm9531176","volume":"31","author":"GA Block","year":"1998","unstructured":"Block GA, Hulbert-Shearon TE, Levin NW, Port FK (1998) Association of serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients: a national study. Am J Kidney Dis 31:607\u2013617","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1241_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V12102131","volume":"12","author":"SK Ganesh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ganesh SK, Stack AG, Levin NW, Hulbert-Shearon T, Port FK (2001) Association of elevated serum PO(4), Ca x PO(4) product, and parathyroid hormone with cardiac mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 12:2131\u20132138","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000133041.27682.A2","volume":"15","author":"GA Block","year":"2004","unstructured":"Block GA, Klassen PS, Lazarus JM, Ofsthun N, Lowrie EG, Chertow GM (2004) Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 15:2208\u20132218","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004040275","volume":"16","author":"Y Slinin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Slinin Y, Foley RN, Collins AJ (2005) Calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients: the USRDS waves 1, 3, and 4 study. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:1788\u20131793","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00185.x","volume":"67","author":"EW Young","year":"2005","unstructured":"Young EW, Albert JM, Satayathum S et al (2005) Predictors and consequences of altered mineral metabolism: the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study. Kidney Int 67:1179\u20131187","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"1241_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.06040710","volume":"6","author":"J Cunningham","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cunningham J, Locatelli F, Rodriguez M (2011) Secondary hyperparathyroidism: pathogenesis, disease progression, and therapeutic options. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 6:913\u2013921","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.11.036","volume":"93","author":"MG Vervloet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vervloet MG, van Ballegooijen AJ (2018) Prevention and treatment of hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 93:1060\u20131072","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"1241_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfv099","volume":"30","author":"JL Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00edn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00edn JL, Mart\u00ednez-Camblor P, Dionisi MP et al (2015) Improvement of mineral and bone metabolism markers is associated with better survival in haemodialysis patients: the COSMOS study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 30:1542\u20131551","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1241_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000444890","volume":"43","author":"M Soohoo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Soohoo M, Feng M, Obi Y et al (2016) Changes in markers of mineral and bone disorders and mortality in incident hemodialysis patients. Am J Nephrol 43:85\u201396","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"1241_CR11","first-page":"S1","volume":"42","author":"National Kidney Foundation","year":"2003","unstructured":"National Kidney Foundation (2003) K\/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for bone metabolism and disease in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 42(Suppl 3):S1-201","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1241_CR12","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD-MBD Update Work Group","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD-MBD Update Work Group (2011) KDIGO 2017 clinical practice guideline update for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Kidney Int Suppl 7:1\u201359","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"1241_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2011.112","volume":"7","author":"AJ Hutchison","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hutchison AJ, Smith CP, Brenchley PE (2011) Pharmacology, efficacy and safety of oral phosphate binders. Nat Rev Nephrol 7:578\u2013589","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008060609","volume":"20","author":"T Isakova","year":"2009","unstructured":"Isakova T, Gutierrez OM, Chang Y et al (2009) Phosphorus binders and survival on hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 20:388\u2013396","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.12.025","volume":"60","author":"AA Lopes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lopes AA, Tong L, Thumma J et al (2012) Phosphate binder use and mortality among hemodialysis patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS): evaluation of possible confounding by nutritional status. Am J Kidney Dis 60:90\u2013101","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1241_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.185","volume":"84","author":"JB Cannata-Andia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cannata-Andia JB, Fernandez-Martin JL, Locatelli F et al (2013) Use of phosphate-binding agents is associated with a lower risk of mortality. Kidney Int 84:998\u20131008","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"1241_CR17","unstructured":"DOPPS Practice Monitor (2021). https:\/\/www.dopps.org\/dpm\/. Accessed 19 July 2021"},{"key":"1241_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs418","volume":"28","author":"JL Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00edn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00edn JL, Carrero JJ, Benedik M et al (2013) COSMOS: the dialysis scenario of CKD-MBD in Europe. Nephrol Dial Transplant 28:1922\u20131935","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1241_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00290109","volume":"4","author":"YW Chiu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chiu YW, Teitelbaum I, Misra M, de Leon EM, Adzize T, Mehrotra R (2009) Pill burden, adherence, hyperphosphatemia, and quality of life in maintenance dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 4:1089\u20131096","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-018-0950-2","volume":"78","author":"D Fouque","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fouque D, Vervloet M, Ketteler M (2018) Targeting gastrointestinal transport proteins to control hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease. Drugs 78:1171\u20131186","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"1241_CR21","first-page":"525","volume":"23","author":"MD Arenas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arenas MD, Malek T, Gil MT, Moledous A, Alvarez-Ude F, Reig-Ferrer A (2010) Challenge of phosphorus control in hemodialysis patients: a problem of adherence? J Nephrol 23:525\u2013534","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12315","volume":"20","author":"RB Fissell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fissell RB, Karaboyas A, Bieber BA et al (2016) Phosphate binder pill burden, patient-reported non-adherence, and mineral bone disorder markers: findings from the DOPPS. Hemodial Int 20:38\u201349","journal-title":"Hemodial Int"},{"key":"1241_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2011.626768","volume":"12","author":"FC Barreto","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barreto FC, de Oliveira RA, Oliveira RB, Jorgetti V (2011) Pharmacotherapy of chronic kidney disease and mineral bone disorder. Expert Opin Pharmacother 12:2627\u20132640","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"1241_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.5414\/CN108119","volume":"81","author":"M Wilhelm","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wilhelm M, Gaillard S, Rakov V, Funk F (2014) The iron-based phosphate binder PA21 has potent phosphate binding capacity and minimal iron release across a physiological pH range in vitro. Clin Nephrol 81:251\u2013258","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR25","unstructured":"Velphoro (sucroferric oxyhydroxide) US Prescribing Information (2018). https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2018\/205109s006lbl.pdf. Accessed 19 July 2021"},{"key":"1241_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.58","volume":"86","author":"J Floege","year":"2014","unstructured":"Floege J, Covic AC, Ketteler M et al (2014) A phase III study of the efficacy and safety of a novel iron-based phosphate binder in dialysis patients. Kidney Int 86:638\u2013647","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"1241_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfv006","volume":"30","author":"J Floege","year":"2015","unstructured":"Floege J, Covic AC, Ketteler M et al (2015) Long-term effects of the iron-based phosphate binder, sucroferric oxyhydroxide, in dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 30:1037\u20131046","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1241_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw460","volume":"32","author":"J Floege","year":"2017","unstructured":"Floege J, Covic AC, Ketteler M et al (2017) One-year efficacy and safety of the iron-based phosphate binder sucroferric oxyhydroxide in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 32:1918\u20131926","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1241_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12663","volume":"22","author":"SM Sprague","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sprague SM, Ketteler M, Covic AC et al (2018) Long-term efficacy and safety of sucroferric oxyhydroxide in African American dialysis patients. Hemodial Int 22:480\u2013491","journal-title":"Hemodial Int"},{"key":"1241_CR30","first-page":"1330","volume":"32","author":"AC Covic","year":"2017","unstructured":"Covic AC, Floege J, Ketteler M et al (2017) Iron-related parameters in dialysis patients treated with sucroferric oxyhydroxide. Nephrol Dial Transplant 32:1330\u20131338","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1241_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP74004","volume":"74","author":"P Geisser","year":"2010","unstructured":"Geisser P, Philipp E (2010) PA21: a novel phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease. Clin Nephrol 74:4\u201311","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy127","volume":"34","author":"M Ketteler","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ketteler M, Sprague SM, Covic AC et al (2019) Effects of sucroferric oxyhydroxide and sevelamer carbonate on chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder parameters in dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 34:1163\u20131170","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1241_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.5414\/CN109021","volume":"88","author":"DW Coyne","year":"2017","unstructured":"Coyne DW, Ficociello LH, Parameswaran V et al (2017) Real-world effectiveness of sucroferric oxyhydroxide in patients on chronic hemodialysis: a retrospective analysis of pharmacy data. Clin Nephrol 88:59\u201367","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2018.11.002","volume":"29","author":"J Kendrick","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kendrick J, Parameswaran V, Ficociello LH et al (2019) 1-year historical cohort study of the phosphate binder sucroferric oxyhydroxide in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. J Ren Nutr 29:428\u2013437","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"1241_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2020.01.009","volume":"2","author":"DW Coyne","year":"2020","unstructured":"Coyne DW, Ficociello LH, Parameswaran V, Mullon C, Kossmann RJ, Sprague SM (2020) Sucroferric oxyhydroxide in maintenance hemodialysis: a retrospective, comparative cohort study. Kidney Med 2:307\u2013316","journal-title":"Kidney Med"},{"key":"1241_CR36","unstructured":"Kalantar-Zadeh K, Ficociello L, Parameswaran V, Mullon C, Kossmann RJ, Sprague SM (2018) Serum phosphorus (sP) lowering effect of sucroferric oxyhydroxide (SO) in phosphate-binder (PB) na\u00efve hemodialysis patients (pts) over 12 months. American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week Poster #TH-PO196. J Am Soc Nephrol 29(Suppl):Abstract TH-PO196"},{"key":"1241_CR37","unstructured":"Kalantar-Zadeh K, Ficociello L, Parameswaran V, Mullon C, Kossmann RJ, Sprague SM (2019) Longitudinal serum phosphorus levels over two years in incident dialysis patients who initiate sucroferric oxyhydroxide (SO) as a first-line phosphate binder. J Am Soc Nephrol 30(Suppl):Abstract FR-PO151"},{"issue":"1","key":"1241_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.34067\/KID.0000332019","volume":"360","author":"DA Molony","year":"2020","unstructured":"Molony DA, Parameswaran V, Ficociello LH, Mullon C, Kossmann RJ (2020) Sucroferric oxyhydroxide as part of combination phosphate binder therapy among hemodialysis patients. Kidney 360(1):263\u2013272","journal-title":"Kidney"},{"key":"1241_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-019-1582-9","volume":"20","author":"K Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kalantar-Zadeh K, Ficociello LH, Parameswaran V et al (2019) Changes in serum albumin and other nutritional markers when using sucroferric oxyhydroxide as phosphate binder among hemodialysis patients: a historical cohort study. BMC Nephrol 20:396","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1159\/000487856","volume":"47","author":"K Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kalantar-Zadeh K, Parameswaran V, Ficociello LH et al (2018) Real-world scenario improvements in serum phosphorus levels and pill burden in peritoneal dialysis patients treated with sucroferric oxyhydroxide. Am J Nephrol 47:153\u2013161","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S182747","volume":"12","author":"K Gray","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gray K, Ficociello LH, Hunt AE, Mullon C, Brunelli SM (2019) Phosphate binder pill burden, adherence, and serum phosphorus control among hemodialysis patients converting to sucroferric oxyhydroxide. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 12:1\u20138","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis"},{"key":"1241_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-020-02188-8","volume":"21","author":"R Ramos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramos R, Chazot C, Ferreira A et al (2020) The real-world effectiveness of sucroferric oxyhydroxide in European hemodialysis patients: A 1-year retrospective database analysis. BMC Nephrol 21:530","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"1241_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaa211","author":"MG Vervloet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vervloet MG, Boletis IN, de Francisco AL et al (2021) Real-world safety and effectiveness of sucroferric oxyhydroxide for hyperphosphatemia in dialysis patients: a prospective observational study. Clin Kidney J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaa211","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"1241_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindemann K, Ajala C, Rosen M, et al (2020) An observational analysis of hospital admissions and total member costs associated with the use of various phosphate binders used in dialysis patients included in ESCOs. Poster presented at National Kidney Foundation 2020 Spring Clinical Meetings (Virtual Meeting). Am J Kidney Dis 75(Suppl 4): Abstract 22","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.02.231"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"1241_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2019.09.2699","volume":"22","author":"R de Arellano","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Arellano R, Serna A, Kotsopoulos N, Schaufler T, Walpen S (2019) Inpatient cost-savings from the use of sucroferric oxyhydroxide in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing dialysis in five European countries. Value Health 22(Suppl 3):S915","journal-title":"Value Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40620-021-01241-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40620-021-01241-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40620-021-01241-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:54:55Z","timestamp":1777564495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/joneph\/article\/35\/3\/875\/8325764"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40620-021-01241-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1724-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1724-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Dr Coyne is a consultant and formerly a speaker for Fresenius Medical Care Renal Therapies Group and a consultant for Ardelyx, AstraZeneca, FibroGen, GlaxoSmithKline, Otsuka, and Vifor Pharma. Dr Sprague receives consultancy fees from OPKO Health, Vifor Pharma, Amgen, Ardelyx, and Fresenius Medical Care Renal Therapies Group and research funding from Abbott, Amgen, Ardelyx, OPKO Health, Reata Pharmaceuticals, and Vifor Pharma. Dr Vervloet has received fee or research support from ERA-EDTA, Dutch Kidney Foundation, Health Holland, Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma, Fresenius Medical Care, Medice, Amgen, Otsuka, Kyowa Kirin, Cablon Medical, Medice, and Shire. Dr Ramos is an employee of Fresenius Medical Care. Dr Kalantar-Zadeh has received honoraria and\/or support from Abbott, AbbVie, Alexion, American Society of Nephrology, Amgen, AstraZeneca, AVEO, Chugai, DaVita, Fresenius, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Haymarket Media, Hofstra Medical School, Hospira, International Federation of Kidney Foundations, International Society for Hemodialysis, International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Keryx, National Institutes of Health, National Kidney Foundation, Novartis, OPKO, Pfizer, Relypsa, Resverlogix, Sandoz, Sanofi, Shire, UpToDate, Vifor, and ZS Pharma.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}