{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T04:52:02Z","timestamp":1777870322898,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001774","name":"University of Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nephrol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peritonitis remains a significant complication of peritoneal dialysis. However, there is limited information on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital-acquired peritonitis compared to community-acquired peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Furthermore, the microbiology and outcomes of community-acquired peritonitis may vary from hospital-acquired peritonitis. Therefore, the aim was to gather and analyse data to address this gap.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective review of the medical records of all adult patients on peritoneal dialysis within the peritoneal dialysis units in four university teaching hospitals in Sydney, Australia, who developed peritonitis between January 2010 and November 2020. We compared the clinical characteristics, microbiology and outcomes of community-acquired peritonitis and hospital-acquired peritonitis. Community acquired peritonitis was defined as the development of peritonitis in the outpatient setting. Hospital-acquired peritonitis was defined as: (1) developed peritonitis anytime during hospitalisation for any medical condition other than peritonitis, (2) diagnosed with peritonitis within 7\u00a0days of hospital discharge and developed symptoms of peritonitis within 3\u00a0days of the hospital discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 904 episodes of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis were identified in 472 patients, of which 84 (9.3%) episodes were hospital-acquired. Patients with hospital-acquired peritonitis had lower mean serum albumin levels compared to those with community-acquired peritonitis(22.95\u00a0g\/L vs. 25.76\u00a0g\/L,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). At the time of diagnosis, lower median peritoneal effluent leucocyte and polymorph counts were observed with hospital-acquired peritonitis compared to community-acquired peritonitis (1236.00\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      vs. 3183.50\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01 and 1037.00\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      vs. 2800.00\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01, respectively). Higher proportions of peritonitis due to\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas spp.<\/jats:italic>\n                      (9.5% vs. 3.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.020) and\n                      <jats:italic>vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (2.4% vs. 0.0%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009), lower rates of complete cure (39.3% vs. 61.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), higher rates of refractory peritonitis (39.3% vs. 16.4%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and higher all-cause mortality within 30\u00a0days of peritonitis diagnosis (28.6% vs. 3.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were observed in the hospital-acquired peritonitis group compared to the community-acquired peritonitis group, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite having lower peritoneal dialysis effluent leucocyte counts at the time of diagnosis, patients with hospital-acquired peritonitis had poorer outcomes, including lower rates of complete cure, higher rates of refractory peritonitis and higher rates of all-cause mortality within 30\u00a0days of diagnosis, compared to those with community-acquired peritonitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphic abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-023-01597-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]],"date-time":"2023-03-26T18:26:36Z","timestamp":1679855196000},"page":"1877-1888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Characteristics and outcomes of hospital-acquired and community-acquired peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6445-4314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chau Wei","family":"Ling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Sud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Fethney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connie","family":"Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Tabish Razi","family":"Zaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Castelino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1597_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2011.00233","volume":"33","author":"JI Shen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shen JI, Mitani AA, Saxena AB, Goldstein BA, Winkelmayer WC (2013) Determinants of peritoneal dialysis technique failure in incident US patients. Perit Dial Int 33(2):155\u2013166","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"1597_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S123618","volume":"11","author":"WL Salzer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salzer WL (2018) Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis: challenges and solutions. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 11:173\u2013186","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1597_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1177\/089686089601600419","volume":"16","author":"W Singharetnam","year":"1996","unstructured":"Singharetnam W, Holley JL (1996) Acute treatment of constipation may lead to transmural migration of bacteria resulting in gram-negative, polymicrobial, or fungal peritonitis. Perit Dial Int 16(4):423\u2013425","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"1597_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(04)00941-2","volume":"44","author":"GF Strippoli","year":"2004","unstructured":"Strippoli GF, Tong A, Johnson D, Schena FP, Craig JC (2004) Antimicrobial agents to prevent peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Kidney Dis 44(4):591\u2013603","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1597_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010263","volume":"13","author":"J Ostrowska","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ostrowska J, Sulz I, Tarantino S, Hiesmayr M, Szostak-W\u0119gierek D (2021) Hospital malnutrition, nutritional risk factors, and elements of nutritional care in Europe: comparison of polish results with all European countries participating in the nDay survey. Nutrients 13(1):263","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"1597_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1177\/089686089601600513","volume":"16","author":"L Troidle","year":"1996","unstructured":"Troidle L, Kliger AS, Goldie SJ, Gorban-Brennan N, Brown E, Fikrig M et al (1996) Continuous peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis of nosocomial origin. Perit Dial Int 16(5):505\u2013510","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1597_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/039139880803100107","volume":"31","author":"N Nakwan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nakwan N, Dissaneewate P, Lim A, Vachvanichsanong P (2008) Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in Southern Thailand. Int J Artif Organs 31(1):49\u201354","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"issue":"2","key":"1597_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.363","volume":"52","author":"CM Bunke","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bunke CM, Brier ME, Golper TA (1997) Outcomes of single organism peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: gram negatives versus gram positives in the Network 9 Peritonitis Study. Kidney Int 52(2):524\u2013529","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"1597_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608221080586","volume":"42","author":"PK Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li PK, Chow KM, Cho Y, Fan S, Figueiredo AE, Harris T et al (2022) ISPD peritonitis guideline recommendations: 2022 update on prevention and treatment. Perit Dial Int 42(2):110\u2013153","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"1597_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfac164","volume":"15","author":"C-C Szeto","year":"2022","unstructured":"Szeto C-C, Ng JK-C, Fung WW-S, Chan GC-K, Cheng PM-S, Law M-C et al (2022) Excessive risk and poor outcome of hospital-acquired peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis. Clin Kidney J 15(11):2107\u20132115","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1597_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.03.018","volume":"58","author":"R Mehrotra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mehrotra R, Duong U, Jiwakanon S, Kovesdy CP, Moran J, Kopple JD et al (2011) Serum albumin as a predictor of mortality in peritoneal dialysis: comparisons with hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 58(3):418\u2013428","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1597_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/12.3.554","volume":"12","author":"CH Jones","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jones CH, Newstead CG, Wills EJ, Davison AM (1997) Serum albumin and survival in CAPD patients: the implications of concentration trends over time. Nephrol Dial Transplant 12(3):554\u2013558","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"12","key":"1597_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3656","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123656","volume":"12","author":"S Moramarco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moramarco S, Morciano L, Morucci L, Messinese M, Gualtieri P, Carestia M et al (2020) Epidemiology of hypoalbuminemia in hospitalized patients: a clinical matter or an emerging public health problem? Nutrients 12(12):3656","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"1597_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2008.07.007","volume":"1782","author":"V Rajan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rajan V, Mitch WE (2008) Ubiquitin, proteasomes and proteolytic mechanisms activated by kidney disease. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) 1782(12):795\u2013799","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1597_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1995.164","volume":"47","author":"JD Kopple","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kopple JD, Bernard D, Messana J, Swartz R, Bergstr\u00f6m J, Lindholm B et al (1995) Treatment of malnourished CAPD patients with an amino acid based dialysate. Kidney Int 47(4):1148\u20131157","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"1597_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(98)70131-3","volume":"32","author":"M Jones","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jones M, Hagen T, Boyle CA, Vonesh E, Hamburger R, Charytan C et al (1998) Treatment of malnutrition with 1.1% amino acid peritoneal dialysis solution: results of a multicenter outpatient study. Am J Kidney Dis 32(5):761\u2013769","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"1597_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.244","volume":"80","author":"S Srivastava","year":"2011","unstructured":"Srivastava S, Hildebrand S, Fan SLS (2011) Long-term follow-up of patients randomized to biocompatible or conventional peritoneal dialysis solutions show no difference in peritonitis or technique survival. Kidney Int 80(9):986\u2013991","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"1597_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01010306","volume":"1","author":"KM Chow","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chow KM, Szeto CC, Cheung KK-T, Leung CB, Wong SS-H, Law MC et al (2006) Predictive value of dialysate cell counts in peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 1(4):768","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1597_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2016.05.003","volume":"1","author":"K Muthucumarana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Muthucumarana K, Howson P, Crawford D, Burrows S, Swaminathan R, Irish A (2016) The relationship between presentation and the time of initial administration of antibiotics with outcomes of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: the PROMPT study. Kidney Int Rep 1(2):65\u201372","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"1597_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/089686089001000113","volume":"10","author":"DL Sewell","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sewell DL, Golper TA, Hulman PB, Thomas CM, West LM, Kubey WY et al (1990) Comparison of large volume culture to other methods for isolation of microorganisms from dialysate. Perit Dial Int 10(1):49\u201352","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"1597_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2019.04.001","volume":"6","author":"P Pachori","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pachori P, Gothalwal R, Gandhi P (2019) Emergence of antibiotic resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care unit; a critical review. Genes Dis 6(2):109\u2013119","journal-title":"Genes Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1597_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2009.00260","volume":"31","author":"T Yip","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yip T, Tse K-C, Ng F, Hung I, Lam M-F, Tang S et al (2011) Clinical course and outcomes of single-organism Enterococcus peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 31(5):522\u2013528","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1597_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1086\/317549","volume":"32","author":"EM D'Agata","year":"2001","unstructured":"D\u2019Agata EM, Green WK, Schulman G, Li H, Tang Y-W, Schaffner W (2001) Vancomycin-resistant enterococci among chronic hemodialysis patients: a prospective study of acquisition. Clin Infect Dis 32(1):23\u201329","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"1597_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504s","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.5_suppl.504S","volume":"123","author":"S DeLisle","year":"2003","unstructured":"DeLisle S, Perl TM (2003) Vancomycin-resistant enterococci: a road map on how to prevent the emergence and transmission of antimicrobial resistance. Chest 123(5 Suppl):504s-s518","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"1597_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-2994-1-31","volume":"1","author":"S Karki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Karki S, Houston L, Land G, Bass P, Kehoe R, Borrell S et al (2012) Prevalence and risk factors for VRE colonisation in a tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia: a cross sectional study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 1(1):31","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"1597_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.00748.x","volume":"59","author":"CC Szeto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Szeto CC, Chow KM, Leung CB, Wong TY, Wu AK, Wang AY et al (2001) Clinical course of peritonitis due to Pseudomonas species complicating peritoneal dialysis: a review of 104 cases. Kidney Int 59(6):2309\u20132315","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"1597_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp641","volume":"25","author":"M Edey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Edey M, Hawley CM, McDonald SP, Brown FG, Rosman JB, Wiggins KJ et al (2010) Enterococcal peritonitis in Australian peritoneal dialysis patients: predictors, treatment and outcomes in 116 cases. Nephrol Dial Transplant 25(4):1272\u20131278","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1597_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29333\/ejgm\/82346","author":"VL Jahagirdar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jahagirdar VL, Davane MS, Aradhye SC, Nagoba BS (2018) Candida species as potential nosocomial pathogens\u2014a review. Electron J General Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29333\/ejgm\/82346","journal-title":"Electron J General Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"1597_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3371","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00449-12","volume":"80","author":"KL Mason","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mason KL, Downward JRE, Mason KD, Falkowski NR, Eaton KA, Kao JY et al (2012) Candida albicans and bacterial microbiota interactions in the cecum during recolonization following broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Infect Immun 80(10):3371\u20133380","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"1597_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8010076","volume":"8","author":"CF Rodrigues","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rodrigues CF, Rodrigues ME, Henriques M (2019) Candida sp. infections in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Clin Med 8(1):76","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1597_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ndt.a027463","volume":"11","author":"P Andrews","year":"1996","unstructured":"Andrews P, Warr K, Hicks J, Cameron J (1996) Impaired outcome of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in immunosuppressed patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 11(6):1104\u20131108","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"1597_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13813","volume":"26","author":"CW Au","year":"2021","unstructured":"Au CW, Yap DY, Chan JF, Yip TP, Chan TM (2021) Exit site infection and peritonitis due to Serratia species in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis: epidemiology and clinical outcomes. Nephrology 26(3):255\u2013261","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1597_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03070707","volume":"3","author":"C-C Szeto","year":"2008","unstructured":"Szeto C-C, Kwan BC-H, Chow K-M, Lau M-F, Law M-C, Chung K-Y et al (2008) Coagulase negative staphylococcal peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: review of 232 consecutive cases. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 3(1):91\u201397","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1597_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.11.015","volume":"55","author":"M Fahim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fahim M, Hawley CM, McDonald SP, Brown FG, Rosman JB, Wiggins KJ et al (2010) Culture-negative peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients in Australia: predictors, treatment, and outcomes in 435 cases. Am J Kidney Dis 55(4):690\u2013697","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1597_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S55","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001916","volume":"103","author":"S Mujais","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mujais S (2006) Microbiology and outcomes of peritonitis in North America. Kidney Int Suppl 103:S55-62","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"issue":"1","key":"1597_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2003.08.046","volume":"43","author":"P Choi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Choi P, Nemati E, Banerjee A, Preston E, Levy J, Brown E (2004) Peritoneal dialysis catheter removal for acute peritonitis: a retrospective analysis of factors associated with catheter removal and prolonged postoperative hospitalization. Am J Kidney Dis 43(1):103\u2013111","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"1597_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-021-04315-1","volume":"40","author":"A Bogut","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bogut A, Magry\u015b A (2021) The road to success of coagulase-negative staphylococci: clinical significance of small colony variants and their pathogenic role in persistent infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 40(11):2249\u20132270","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40620-023-01597-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40620-023-01597-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40620-023-01597-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:52:58Z","timestamp":1777564378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/joneph\/article\/36\/7\/1877\/8304297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1597"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40620-023-01597-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1724-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1724-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Kamal Sud has received speaker\u2019s honoraria from Baxter Healthcare and is on the medical advisory board of Fresenius Medical Care for Australia and New Zealand. Other authors declared no conflict of interest regarding the research, authorship, and publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was approved by the Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee (2020\/PID03105).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was waived by the Human Ethics Committee.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}