{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T01:39:35Z","timestamp":1789004375935,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":828,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004004","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004004","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004004","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004004","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Uremic toxins accumulate in patients affected by renal failure and can deposit in different organs, including the kidneys and heart. Given their physicochemical characteristics, uremic toxins can contribute to organ dysfunction due to several pathobiological actions at cellular and molecular levels. Several uremic compounds have been described in serum and plasma from patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and kidney failure; they are usually classified based on their molecular size and protein-binding properties. In this scenario, new dialytic approaches have been proposed in the last few years with the aim of improving uremic toxin removal. Recent studies which focused on the use of medium cut-off membranes in patients on chronic hemodialysis have shown a discrete ability to remove \u03b22-microglobulin and other middle molecules, such as kappa and lambda free light chains, complement factor D and \u03b11-microglobulin. However, current evidence is mainly based on the impact on short-term outcomes and, consequently, longer observational studies are necessary to confirm the efficacy and safety of the medium cut-off dialyzer. Here we present the state-of-the-art on the clinical application of medium cut-off membranes in AKI and\u00a0chronic\u00a0dialysis patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-023-01771-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T05:03:46Z","timestamp":1697432626000},"page":"23-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Medium cut-off dialyzer for middle molecular uremic toxins in AKI and chronic dialysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7334-8372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Fiorentino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"La Fergola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"De Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical Sciences - CISMed, University of Trento, Via S. Maria Maddalena 1, 38122, Trento, Italy 2"},{"name":"Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, APSS Trento, Trento, Italy 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3115","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm151 17550927","article-title":"Review on uraemic solutes II\u2013variability in reported concentrations: causes and consequences","volume":"22","author":"Vanholder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2007121377 18287557","article-title":"A bench to bedside view of uremic toxins","volume":"19","author":"Vanholder","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq818 21343587","article-title":"The gut-kidney axis: indoxyl sulfate, p-cresyl sulfate and CKD progression","volume":"26","author":"Meijers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1159\/000502331 31563911","article-title":"Uremic toxins and their relation to dialysis efficacy","volume":"48","author":"Clark","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz189 31578564","article-title":"Comparison of the removal of uraemic toxins with medium cut-off and high-flux dialysers: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"35","author":"Belmouaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12906 33225535","article-title":"Removal of middle molecules with medium cutoff dialyzer in patients on short frequent hemodialysis","volume":"25","author":"Reis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hemodial Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026012110452930100_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1177\/039139880102401004 11817319","article-title":"Uremic toxicity: present state of the art","volume":"24","author":"Vanholder","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00924.x 12675874","article-title":"Review on uremic toxins: classification, concentration, and interindividual variability","volume":"63","author":"Vanholder","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.63.s84.43.x","article-title":"New insights in uremic toxins","volume":"63","author":"Vanholder","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2026012110452930100_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2007.10.003 18089436","article-title":"Uremic toxins: what are they? 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