{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:17:32Z","timestamp":1788412652269,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nephrol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-024-01974-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T02:01:36Z","timestamp":1716256896000},"page":"1397-1403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["How to improve ChatGPT performance for nephrologists: a technique guide"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Miao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charat","family":"Thongprayoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iasmina M.","family":"Craici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9954-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wisit","family":"Cheungpasitporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1974_CR1","unstructured":"OpenAI (2023) GPT-4V(ision) system card. [cited 2023 September 25, 2023]. https:\/\/cdn.openai.com\/papers\/GPTV_System_Card.pdf. Accessed 25 Sept 2023. cited Nov 11 2023."},{"key":"1974_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miao J et al (2023) Performance of ChatGPT on nephrology test questions. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 18;19(1):35-43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/CJN.0000000000000330.","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.0000000000000330"},{"issue":"5","key":"1974_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.3390\/clinpract13050104","volume":"13","author":"A Qarajeh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qarajeh A et al (2023) AI-powered renal diet support: performance of ChatGPT, Bard AI, and Bing Chat. Clin Pract 13(5):1160\u20131172","journal-title":"Clin Pract"},{"issue":"17","key":"1974_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5550","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12175550","volume":"12","author":"S Suppadungsuk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Suppadungsuk S et al (2023) Examining the validity of ChatGPT in identifying relevant nephrology literature: findings and implications. J Clin Med 12(17):5550","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"1974_CR5","unstructured":"Shah D (2023) The beginner\u2019s guide to hallucinations in large language models. 2023 [cited 2023 Auguat 23, 2023]; https:\/\/www.lakera.ai\/blog\/guide-to-hallucinations-in-large-language-models#:~:text=A%20significant%20factor%20contributing%20to,and%20factual%20correctness%20is%20challenging. Accessed 23 Aug 2023. Cited Jan 7 2024"},{"key":"1974_CR6","unstructured":"Mayo M (2023) Unraveling the power of chain-of-thought prompting in large language models. [cited 2023 November 13, 2023]; https:\/\/www.kdnuggets.com\/2023\/07\/power-chain-thought-prompting-large-language-models.html. Accessed 6 July 2023. Cited Nov 14 2023"},{"key":"1974_CR7","unstructured":"Wolff T (2023) How to craft prompts for maximum effectiveness. [cited 2023 November 14, 2023]. https:\/\/medium.com\/mlearning-ai\/from-zero-shot-to-chain-of-thought-prompt-engineering-choosing-the-right-prompt-types-88800f242137. Accessed 8 Feb 2023, Cited Nov 14 2023"},{"key":"1974_CR8","unstructured":"Merritt R (2023) What is retrieval-augmented generation, aka RAG? [cited 2023 November 15, 2023]. https:\/\/blogs.nvidia.com\/blog\/what-is-retrieval-augmented-generation\/#:~:text=Generation%20(RAG)%3F-,Retrieval%2Daugmented%20generation%20(RAG)%20is%20a%20technique%20for%20enhancing,how%20many%20parameters%20they%20contain. Accessed 15 Nov 2023, Cited Jan 6 2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"1974_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60010148","volume":"60","author":"J Miao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Miao J et al (2024) Chain of thought utilization in large language models and application in nephrology. Medicina (Kaunas) 60(1):148","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40620-024-01974-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40620-024-01974-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40620-024-01974-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:53:47Z","timestamp":1777564427000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/joneph\/article\/37\/5\/1397\/8306721"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1974"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40620-024-01974-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1724-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1724-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent for publication"}}]}}