{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:07:23Z","timestamp":1786982843835,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The classification of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) into immune complex-mediated MPGN and complement-mediated MPGN on immunofluorescence has provided insights into two distinct disease processes. There are limited data available on renal outcomes of MPGN from developing countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on biopsy-proven MPGN cases diagnosed between 1998 and 2018 at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT). Secondary causes were excluded. Patients were reclassified as immune complex-mediated-MPGN and complement-mediated-MPGN based on immunofluorescence results. The clinicopathological findings and outcomes of the two groups were compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 213 patients with idiopathic MPGN were identified. Among these, 163 (76.5%) were reclassified as immune complex-mediated-MPGN and 50 (23.4%) as complement-mediated-MPGN. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding age, gender, clinical characteristics, biopsy indications, biopsy findings, and renal function at presentation. Overall, 63 subjects (38.7%) with immune complex-mediated-MPGN and 27 (54%) with complement-mediated-MPGN received immunosuppressive agents (p\u2009=\u20090.08). Complete and partial remission rates were higher in immune complex-mediated-MPGN than in complement-mediated-MPGN (76% vs 58%, p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). At two years, median estimated glomerualr filtration rate (eGFR) tended to be higher in patients with immune complex-mediated-MPGN 91.2 (45.4\u2013113.7) vs 83.45(34.6\u2013102.50)\u00a0ml\/min\/1.73 m2, p = 0.22) with significantly better renal survival (76% vs 58%, p\u2009=\u20090.03). Comparatively, more patients progressed to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the complement-mediated-MPGN group (32% vs 19.6%, p\u2009=\u20090.06), with increased overall mortality (5 (10%) vs 7 (4.3%), p\u2009=\u20090.12).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinicopathological features at presentation of complement-mediated-MPGN are similar to those of immune complex-mediated-MPGN. However, it is less frequent and overall prognosis is less favorable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-024-02083-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T01:01:47Z","timestamp":1728867707000},"page":"2255-2265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of adult patients with idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis according to\u00a0an immunofluorescence-based classification"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9394-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tabassum","family":"Elahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and 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