{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:47:54Z","timestamp":1789678074433,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021363","name":"Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023 research grants"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023 research grants"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021363","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017051","name":"College of Medicine, Seoul National University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["800-20190571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["800-20190571"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021363","name":"Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023 research grants"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023 research grants"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021363","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017051","name":"College of Medicine, Seoul National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["800-20190571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["800-20190571"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is recommended for alleviating vasomotor symptoms or preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women. This study aimed to investigate the impact of hormone replacement therapy on major adverse cardiovascular events, kidney failure, and mortality in women with chronic kidney disease (CKD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This population-based cohort study analyzed data from the National Cancer Screening Program and the national health examination of South Korea. Data on postmenopausal women were extracted from the 2009 National Cancer Screening Program. Among these postmenopausal women, those with CKD without kidney replacement therapy were selected through a national health examination from 2009 to 2013. The study outcomes were the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events, kidney failure, and all-cause mortality according to hormone replacement therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 768,279 postmenopausal women with CKD were enrolled in this study; of these women, 13.8% (N\u2009=\u2009106,052) had a history of hormone replacement therapy. The user and non-user groups differed with respect to baseline characteristics, with the latter being older and having risk factors for cardiovascular disease. After adjustment for confounding factors, the group exposed to\u00a0hormone replacement therapy\u00a0showed lower risks of major adverse cardiovascular events, kidney failure, and all-cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests the potential benefits of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with CKD and highlighted its potential advantages for cardiovascular and kidney outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  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