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To further test the prediction model in clinical practice, this case series describes the retrospective application of the diagnostic algorithm in a group of adult dialysis patients with PH1 treated at different Italian nephrology centers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between January and May 2023, adult patients (\u2265\u200918\u00a0years) undergoing chronic hemodialysis with a genetic diagnosis of PH1, followed at 14 Italian nephrology centers, were selected for the retrospective application of the prediction model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The presence of at least one red flag of the diagnostic algorithm was reported in most patients (14 out of 15; 93%), two red flags were present in four patients (27%), and three red flags in two patients (13%). A history of active nephrolithiasis was the most common clinical feature (87% of patients), followed by early dialysis initiation, nephrocalcinosis and a family history of CKD (20\u201327%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study provides further evidence on the real-world application of a simple algorithm, implemented by easily accessible clinical parameters, to be used as a screening tool for diagnosing PH1 in adult patients undergoing dialysis. The successful implementation of this prediction model has the potential to facilitate timely diagnosis, improve patient outcomes, and inform targeted therapeutic interventions in this patient setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-025-02243-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T23:48:34Z","timestamp":1748994514000},"page":"2199-2204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 diagnosis in adult dialysis patients: prediction model assessment in a group of Italian patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1379-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro Manuel","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eloisa","family":"Arbustini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Bellino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Caletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Capelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Capolongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Rosa","family":"Caruso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Cianfrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Michela","family":"D\u2019Alessandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Di Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gambaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Palmisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ranghino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Santagostino Barbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Viazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loretta","family":"Zambianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Mandrile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2243_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.07.018","volume":"79","author":"N Demoulin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Demoulin N, Aydin S, Gillion V, Morelle J, Jadoul M (2022) Pathophysiology and management of hyperoxaluria and oxalate nephropathy: a review. 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GM received consultant fees and grant\/other support from Alnylam, Novo Nordisk. Other Authors declared no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The retrospective review of patient data was notified to the Ethics Committee of San Luigi Orbassano Hospital (Turin).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The retrospective review of patient data was notified to the Ethics Committee of San Luigi Orbassano Hospital (Turin). All participants provided informed consent prior to their involvement in the study. The confidentiality and privacy of all participants were maintained throughout the research process.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"All the participants gave their consent to the use of medical records for research purposes.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent to participate"}}]}}