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As early as April 1949, only a week after Philip Hench and colleagues first described the potential of \u2018compound E\u2019 at a Mayo Clinic seminar, the <jats:italic>New York Times<\/jats:italic> reported the drug\u2019s promise as a \u2018modern miracle\u2019 in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Given its high profile, it is unsurprising that historians of medicine have been attracted to study the innovation of cortisone. It arrived at the end of a decade of \u2018therapeutic revolutions\u2019, kicked off by penicillin transforming the treatment of bacterial infections and ending with hopes of a revolution in the treatment of non-infectious, chronic inflammatory diseases. Despite these studies of cortisone\u2019s introduction, few historians have taken the story forward and considered how cortisone was adopted and adapted into clinical practice. This article tells the longer of how the drug and its derivatives were taken from research laboratories and integrated into clinical practice; what has in recent decades become known as translational medicine (TM). In exploring cortisone\u2019s first decade in Britain, we focus specifically on its role in the treatment of RA. Our approach is always to consider cortisone\u2019s use in the context of other treatments available to clinicians, and at local and national institutional settings. We do not discuss the many other therapeutic uses of cortisone, which ranged for topical applications for skin diseases to the management of cancers, especially childhood leukaemia, nor do we discuss its close analogue ACTH\u2014AdenoCorticoTropic Hormone. We think there are lessons in our study for TM policies today.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40656-019-0269-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T18:02:59Z","timestamp":1573149779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Special issue\u2014before translational medicine: laboratory clinic relations lost in translation? Cortisone and the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Britain, 1950\u20131960"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8583-7931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Worboys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Toon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"269_CR1","unstructured":"Anon. (1949a). New Recipe Eases Pain of Arthritis. Washington Post, Apr 22, 20."},{"key":"269_CR2","first-page":"24","volume":"ii","author":"Anon","year":"1949","unstructured":"Anon. (1949b). Cortisone in the treatment of rheumatism. BMJ,ii, 24.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"269_CR3","unstructured":"Anon. (1950a). Nobel prize, 1950. 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