{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T05:10:55Z","timestamp":1775020255731,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Treat Options Peds"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose of Review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review critically examines the role of furosemide and chlorothiazide in the prevention and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We describe their common use, pharmacotherapeutic mechanisms, and summarize evidence from clinical trials and cohort studies evaluating their effects on diuresis and respiratory outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recent Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most evidence comes from studies in the 1980s that generalize poorly to contemporary neonatal care. However, a trial in 80 extremely preterm infants was published in 2025, reporting no certain effect of furosemide on death or BPD or on adverse effects other than electrolyte imbalances. The trial was not designed to address BPD prevention. Two recent large observational studies reported associations between greater diuretic exposure and lower risk of death or BPD but are limited by potential confounding. Earlier trials suggest diuretics may offer short-term improvements in urine output, pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The role of diuretics in the prevention and management of BPD remains uncertain. While transient, modest improvements in diuresis and respiratory function are likely, existing evidence does not convincingly support either clinically meaningful benefit or harm. In the absence of robust evidence-based guidance, minimizing routine diuretic use and considering short-term, selective treatment with measurable individualized goals is prudent. Addressing the disconnect between widespread use and limited supporting evidence will require well-designed studies that consider optimal patient selection, timing, dosing and duration in the context of current diuretic practice patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40746-025-00347-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T01:19:52Z","timestamp":1770427192000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["What is the Role of Diuretics in the Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Timothy D.","family":"Nelin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julianne R.","family":"McGlynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel G.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan L.","family":"Slaughter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon A.","family":"McGrath-Morrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas A.","family":"Bamat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"347_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2021.08.075","volume":"240","author":"A Stark","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stark A, Smith PB, Hornik CP, Zimmerman KO, Hornik CD, Pradeep S, et al. 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McGrath-Morrow and Bamat receive royalties from Wolters Kluwer Health (UpToDate), Drs. Nelin, Greenberg, Slaughter, McGrath-Morrow and Bamat receive grant funding from the United States National Institutes of Health. This work was supported by Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development grant K23HD10165 to Dr. Bamat. The funding sources had no role in the design or writing of the report or the decision to submit for publication. Dr. Bamat wrote the draft of the manuscript. No compensation honorarium, grant, or other form of payment was given to produce the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}],"article-number":"6"}}