{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:08:39Z","timestamp":1791828519860,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drugs - Real World Outcomes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-024-00462-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T09:23:44Z","timestamp":1735896224000},"page":"1-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Investigating the Relationship Between Anti-seizure Medications and Bleeding Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Areesha","family":"Mansoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3565-8358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Shahzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6346-6629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eeshal","family":"Zulfiqar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6827-9441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muneeba","family":"Ahsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4040-1697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rimsha","family":"Adnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4089-0154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean Kaisser","family":"Shaeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umm E. Salma Shabbar","family":"Banatwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9440-4393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Malikzai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36","DOI":"10.3928\/00904481-20150203-10","volume":"44","author":"R Sankaraneni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sankaraneni R, Lachhwani D. Antiepileptic drugs\u2014a review. Pediatr Ann. 2015;44(2):e36-42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/00904481-20150203-10.","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389400900318","volume":"9","author":"MR Delgado","year":"1994","unstructured":"Delgado MR, Riela AR, Mills J, Browne R, Roach ES. Thrombocytopenia secondary to high valproate levels in children with epilepsy. J Child Neurol. 1994;9(3):311\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/088307389400900318.","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"462_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2011.01539.x","volume":"191","author":"T Bachmann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bachmann T, Bertheussen KH, Svalheim S, et al. Haematological side effects of antiepileptic drug treatment in patients with epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 2011;191:23\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2011.01539.x.","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand Suppl"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2016.206","volume":"37","author":"KA Ahmad","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ahmad KA, Desai SJ, Bennett MM, et al. Changing antiepileptic drug use for seizures in US neonatal intensive care units from 2005 to 2014. J Perinatol. 2017;37(3):296\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jp.2016.206.","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70059-4","volume":"9","author":"M Mantegazza","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mantegazza M, Curia G, Biagini G, Ragsdale DS, Avoli M. Voltage-gated sodium channels as therapeutic targets in epilepsy and other neurological disorders. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9(4):413\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70059-4.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"462_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112021","volume":"142","author":"D Singh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singh D, Gupta S, Verma I, Morsy MA, Nair AB, Ahmed AF. Hidden pharmacological activities of valproic acid: a new insight. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021;142:112021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112021.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03365.x","volume":"53","author":"MJ Gunthorpe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gunthorpe MJ, Large CH, Sankar R. The mechanism of action of retigabine (ezogabine), a first-in-class K+ channel opener for the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2012;53(3):412\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03365.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"7","key":"462_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1430","volume":"5","author":"MA Rogawski","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rogawski MA, Loscher W. The neurobiology of antiepileptic drugs. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004;5(7):553\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1430.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-200001000-00012","volume":"22","author":"S Acharya","year":"2000","unstructured":"Acharya S, Bussel JB. Hematologic toxicity of sodium valproate. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2000;22(1):62\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00043426-200001000-00012.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264351","volume":"17","author":"DS Post","year":"2022","unstructured":"Post DS, van der Veer A, Schijns O, et al. Assessment of need for hemostatic evaluation in patients taking valproic acid: a retrospective cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(2): e0264351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0264351.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1992.tb02303.x","volume":"33","author":"W Kreuz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kreuz W, Linde R, Funk M, et al. Valproate therapy induces von Willebrand disease type I. Epilepsia. 1992;33(1):178\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1992.tb02303.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"462_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1097\/MBC.0b013e3282f3f9ec","volume":"19","author":"S Koenig","year":"2008","unstructured":"Koenig S, Gerstner T, Keller A, Teich M, Longin E, Dempfle CE. High incidence of vaproate-induced coagulation disorders in children receiving valproic acid: a prospective study. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2008;19(5):375\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MBC.0b013e3282f3f9ec.","journal-title":"Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis"},{"issue":"2\u20133 Suppl","key":"462_CR13","first-page":"277","volume":"18","author":"GE Solomon","year":"1977","unstructured":"Solomon GE, Hilgartner MW, Kutt H. Anticonvulsivant-induced depression of clotting factors in children. Neurol Neurocir Psiquiatr. 1977;18(2\u20133 Suppl):277\u201384.","journal-title":"Neurol Neurocir Psiquiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000114096","volume":"119","author":"D Focosi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Focosi D, Kast RE, Benedetti E, Papineschi F, Galimberti S, Petrini M. Phenobarbital-associated bone marrow aplasia: a case report and review of the literature. Acta Haematol. 2008;119(1):18\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000114096.","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"issue":"12","key":"462_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-9877(79)90105-1","volume":"5","author":"DA Keith","year":"1979","unstructured":"Keith DA, Gallop PM. Phenytoin, hemorrhage, skeletal defects and vitamin K in the newborn. Med Hypotheses. 1979;5(12):1347\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-9877(79)90105-1.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3476(80)80218-6","volume":"97","author":"DA Keith","year":"1980","unstructured":"Keith DA, Gundberg CM, Gallop PM. Phenytoin therapy and hemorrhagic disease. J Pediatr. 1980;97(3):501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3476(80)80218-6.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1177\/10781552221105856","volume":"29","author":"S Sayin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sayin S, Bagci M. Acute lymphocytic leukemia in a patient with long-term carbamazepine exposure: acute lymphoblastic leukemia that develops in a patient who has been using carbamazepine for a long time. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2023;29(2):477\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10781552221105856.","journal-title":"J Oncol Pharm Pract"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"462_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2006.06.020","volume":"71","author":"JM Pellock","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pellock JM, Faught E, Leppik IE, Shinnar S, Zupanc ML. Felbamate: consensus of current clinical experience. Epilepsy Res. 2006;71(2\u20133):89\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2006.06.020.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410050414","volume":"5","author":"AN Neophytides","year":"1979","unstructured":"Neophytides AN, Nutt JG, Lodish JR. Thrombocytopenia associated with sodium valproate treatment. Ann Neurol. 1979;5(4):389\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410050414.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"17","key":"462_CR20","first-page":"1397","volume":"30","author":"H von Voss","year":"1978","unstructured":"von Voss H, Schulte-Berbuhl R, Gobel U. Side effects of sodium valproate (sodium di-N-propylacetate) on malonyldialdehyde-production and other platelet function tests. Minerva Pediatr. 1978;30(17):1397\u2013404.","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0387-7604(95)00139-5","volume":"18","author":"E Hauser","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hauser E, Seidl R, Freilinger M, Male C, Herkner K. Hematologic manifestations and impaired liver synthetic function during valproate monotherapy. Brain Dev. 1996;18(2):105\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0387-7604(95)00139-5.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"issue":"12","key":"462_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1P335","volume":"44","author":"A Siniscalchi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Siniscalchi A, Gallelli L, Calabro G, Tolotta GA, De Sarro G. Phenobarbital\/lamotrigine coadministration-induced blood dyscrasia in a patient with epilepsy. Ann Pharmacother. 2010;44(12):2031\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1345\/aph.1P335.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(95)00110-d","volume":"79","author":"C Goerdt","year":"1995","unstructured":"Goerdt C, Rubins HB, Swaim W, Folsom A. Can phenytoin lower plasma fibrinogen concentrations? Thromb Res. 1995;79(3):231\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0049-3848(95)00110-d.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"462_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1987.tb05781.x","volume":"28","author":"CE Pippenger","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pippenger CE. Clinically significant carbamazepine drug interactions: an overview. Epilepsia. 1987;28(Suppl 3):S71\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1987.tb05781.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"10","key":"462_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141266","volume":"10","author":"H Nakashima","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nakashima H, Oniki K, Nishimura M, et al. Determination of the optimal concentration of valproic acid in patients with epilepsy: a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(10): e0141266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0141266.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"462_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200216100-00004","volume":"16","author":"E Perucca","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perucca E. Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of valproate: a summary after 35 years of clinical experience. CNS Drugs. 2002;16(10):695\u2013714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00023210-200216100-00004.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"462_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11252","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11252","volume":"12","author":"A Wahba","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wahba A, Bergez E. Severe pancytopenia induced by valproic acid. Cureus. 2020;12(10):e11252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.11252.","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"462_CR28","volume-title":"Valproic acid","author":"M Rahman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rahman M, Nguyen H. Valproic acid. Treasure Island: StatPearls; 2023."},{"issue":"8","key":"462_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.44.8.1418","volume":"44","author":"B Gidal","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gidal B, Spencer N, Maly M, et al. Valproate-mediated disturbances of hemostasis: relationship to dose and plasma concentration. Neurology. 1994;44(8):1418\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.44.8.1418.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"462_CR30","first-page":"843","volume":"52","author":"Y Akgun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Akgun Y, Baykara Y, Langlie J, Van Truong L, Poveda J. Valproic acid induced thrombocytopenia and dysmegakaryopoiesis in a pediatric patient. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2022;52(5):843\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.71.2.153","volume":"71","author":"T Kishi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kishi T, Fujita N, Kawaguchi H, Ishimae M, Watanabe K, Tanaka T. Bone marrow suppression induced by high dose valproic acid. Arch Dis Child. 1994;71(2):153\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.71.2.153.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12030933","volume":"12","author":"I Olaizola","year":"2023","unstructured":"Olaizola I, Brodde MF, Kehrel BE, Evers S. The impact of levetiracetam and valproate on platelet functions\u2014a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. J Clin Med. 2023;12(3):933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12030933.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-011-9544-5","volume":"15","author":"HW Yoon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yoon HW, Giraldo EA, Wijdicks EF. Valproic acid and warfarin: an underrecognized drug interaction. Neurocrit Care. 2011;15(1):182\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-011-9544-5.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612825666190329145428","volume":"25","author":"HL Guo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Guo HL, Jing X, Sun JY, et al. Valproic acid and the liver injury in patients with epilepsy: an update. Curr Pharm Des. 2019;25(3):343\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1381612825666190329145428.","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-019-05134-6","volume":"47","author":"O Oztopuz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oztopuz O, Turkon H, Buyuk B, et al. Melatonin ameliorates sodium valproate-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Mol Biol Rep. 2020;47(1):317\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-019-05134-6.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-8.1.29","volume":"8","author":"E Tichy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tichy E, Lam S, Militano U, Bessmertny O. A case of severe thrombocytopenia and antiepileptic hypersensitivity syndrome. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2003;8(1):29\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5863\/1551-6776-8.1.29.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"462_CR37","first-page":"139","volume":"102","author":"RL Macdonald","year":"1977","unstructured":"Macdonald RL, Barker JL. Phenobarbital enhances GABA-mediated postsynaptic inhibition in cultured mammalian neurons. Trans Am Neurol Assoc. 1977;102:139\u201340.","journal-title":"Trans Am Neurol Assoc"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"462_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1982.tb06093.x","volume":"23","author":"RL Macdonald","year":"1982","unstructured":"Macdonald RL, McLean MJ. Cellular bases of barbiturate and phenytoin anticonvulsant drug action. Epilepsia. 1982;23(Suppl 1):S7-18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1982.tb06093.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"462_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2023.109104","volume":"141","author":"E Trinka","year":"2023","unstructured":"Trinka E. Phenobarbital in status epilepticus\u2014rediscovery of an effective drug. Epilepsy Behav. 2023;141: 109104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2023.109104.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR40","first-page":"100","volume":"6","author":"Q Zeng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zeng Q, Wu Y, Zhan Y, et al. Leukemoid reaction secondary to hypersensitivity syndrome to phenobarbital: a case report. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2013;6(1):100\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"462_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1601-5215.2011.00539.X","volume":"23","author":"M Ito","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ito M, Hatta K, Miyakawa K, Arai H. Phenytoin toxicity associated with hypoalbuminaemia and the paradoxical elevation of serum concentration. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2011;23:321\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1601-5215.2011.00539.X.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"462_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e574","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000656","volume":"25","author":"A Zayac","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zayac A, Akhtar K, Amzuta I. Phenytoin-associated hypocoagulability in a septic patient. Am J Ther. 2018;25(5):e574\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000656.","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rth2.12650","volume":"6","author":"M Candeloro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Candeloro M, Eikelboom JW, Chan N, Bhagirath V, Douketis JD, Schulman S. Carbamazepine, phenytoin, and oral anticoagulants: drug-drug interaction and clinical events in a retrospective cohort. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2022;6(2): e12650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rth2.12650.","journal-title":"Res Pract Thromb Haemost."},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvz035","volume":"6","author":"CL Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang CL, Wu VC, Chang KH, et al. Assessing major bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation patients concurrently taking non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and antiepileptic drugs. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2020;6(3):147\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvz035.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother."},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000367","volume":"39","author":"Y Yamamoto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yamamoto Y, Takahashi Y, Imai K, Kagawa Y, Inoue Y. Effect of CYP inducers\/inhibitors on topiramate concentration: clinical value of therapeutic drug monitoring. Ther Drug Monit. 2017;39(1):55\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000367.","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"issue":"6","key":"462_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(03)00409-5","volume":"2","author":"PN Patsalos","year":"2003","unstructured":"Patsalos PN, Perucca E. Clinically important drug interactions in epilepsy: general features and interactions between antiepileptic drugs. Lancet Neurol. 2003;2(6):347\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1474-4422(03)00409-5.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"462_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2020.10.018","volume":"83","author":"A Beydoun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beydoun A, DuPont S, Zhou D, Matta M, Nagire V, Lagae L. Current role of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in the management of epilepsy. Seizure. 2020;83:251\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.seizure.2020.10.018.","journal-title":"Seizure."},{"issue":"663","key":"462_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.57.663.16","volume":"57","author":"JC Taylor","year":"1981","unstructured":"Taylor JC, Brauer S, Espir ML. Long-term treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with carbamazepine. Postgrad Med J. 1981;57(663):16\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.57.663.16.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-996664","volume":"62","author":"J Thome","year":"1994","unstructured":"Thome J, Wiesbeck GA, Vince GH. Carbamazepin in der Behandlung des Alkoholentzugssyndroms\u2014Eine Ubersicht zum aktuellen Forschungsstand [Carbamazepine in treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome\u2014an overview of current research]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1994;62(4):125\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2007-996664.","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"11","key":"462_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14630","volume":"49","author":"FJ Fernandez-Fernandez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fernandez-Fernandez FJ, Ameneiros-Lago E, Maceira-Quintas C. Aplastic anaemia following carbamazepine-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome. Intern Med J. 2019;49(11):1456\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imj.14630.","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"issue":"8","key":"462_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199008000-00033","volume":"83","author":"CE Denbow","year":"1990","unstructured":"Denbow CE, Fraser HS. Clinically significant hemorrhage due to warfarin-carbamazepine interaction. South Med J. 1990;83(8):981. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007611-199008000-00033.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"7","key":"462_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00806.x","volume":"40","author":"AM Howe","year":"1999","unstructured":"Howe AM, Oakes DJ, Woodman PD, Webster WS. Prothrombin and PIVKA-II levels in cord blood from newborn exposed to anticonvulsants during pregnancy. Epilepsia. 1999;40(7):980\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00806.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14191","volume":"37","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu Z, Yang J, Zhang C, Wang G, Fu M. Multiple disseminated purplish purpuric papules in an adolescent after administrating carbamazepine. Pediatr Dermatol. 2020;37(4):e40\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.14191.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"462_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2016.05.001","volume":"59","author":"MV Abate","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abate MV, Stocco G, Devescovi R, et al. Carbamazepine-induced thrombocytopenic purpura in a child: Insights from a genomic analysis. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2016;59:97\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcmd.2016.05.001.","journal-title":"Blood Cells Mol Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"462_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"OD12","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/26271.10659","volume":"11","author":"R Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar R, Chivukula S, Katukuri GR, Chandrasekhar UK, Shivashankar KN. Carbamazepine induced thrombocytopenia. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(9):OD12\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/26271.10659.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"462_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.749930","volume":"12","author":"W Xiao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiao W, Zhou K, Yang M, et al. Carbamazepine induces platelet apoptosis and thrombocytopenia through protein kinase A. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12: 749930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2021.749930.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"462_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.06.003","volume":"126","author":"C Stollberger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stollberger C, Finsterer J. Interactions between non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants and antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy Res. 2016;126:98\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.06.003.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1021\/cn5000056","volume":"5","author":"NE Calcaterra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Calcaterra NE, Barrow JC. Classics in chemical neuroscience: Diazepam (valium). ACS Chem Neurosci. 2014;5(4):253\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/cn5000056.","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0403-y","volume":"31","author":"SJ Weintraub","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weintraub SJ. Diazepam in the treatment of moderate to severe alcohol withdrawal. CNS Drugs. 2017;31(2):87\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40263-016-0403-y.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"9","key":"462_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.4140\/TCP.n.2013.538","volume":"28","author":"JY Wick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wick JY. The history of benzodiazepines. Consult Pharm. 2013;28(9):538\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4140\/TCP.n.2013.538.","journal-title":"Consult Pharm"},{"key":"462_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.179.5.390","volume":"179","author":"DJ Nutt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nutt DJ, Malizia AL. New insights into the role of the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor in psychiatric disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 2001;179:390\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.179.5.390.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"46","key":"462_CR62","first-page":"4528","volume":"65","author":"B Fors","year":"1968","unstructured":"Fors B, Nilsson F. Hepatit sannolikt inducerad av diazepam-medicinering [Hepatitis probably induced by diazepam medication]. Lakartidningen. 1968;65(46):4528\u201331.","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"462_CR63","unstructured":"LiverTox: Clinical and research information on drug-induced liver injury. 2012."},{"issue":"19","key":"462_CR64","first-page":"1236","volume":"3","author":"R Bussien","year":"1974","unstructured":"Bussien R. Granulocytopenie aigue apres administration simultanee de gentamicine et diazepam [Letter: Acute granulocytopenia after simultaneous administration of gentamicin and diazepam]. Nouv Presse Med. 1974;3(19):1236.","journal-title":"Nouv Presse Med"},{"key":"462_CR65","first-page":"321","volume":"546","author":"RM Baumes","year":"1971","unstructured":"Baumes RM. Cytopenies medicamenteuses: Purpura thrombopenique aigu et anticorps antiplaquettaires actifs en presence de Valium [Drug induced cytopenia: acute thrombopenic purpura and active antiplatelet antibodies in the presence of Valium]. Maroc Med. 1971;546:321\u20134.","journal-title":"Maroc Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"462_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-014-1701-0","volume":"35","author":"A Verrotti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Verrotti A, Scaparrotta A, Grosso S, Chiarelli F, Coppola G. Anticonvulsant drugs and hematological disease. Neurol Sci. 2014;35(7):983\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-014-1701-0.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"462_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01295659","volume":"27","author":"FJ Tedesco","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tedesco FJ, Mills LR. Diazepam (valium) hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci. 1982;27(5):470\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01295659.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1159\/000450878","volume":"24","author":"S Carvalhana","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carvalhana S, Oliveira A, Ferreira P, Resende M, Perdigoto R, Barroso E. Acute liver failure due to trazodone and diazepam. GE Port J Gastroenterol. 2017;24(1):40\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000450878.","journal-title":"GE Port J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"480","key":"462_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.111.480.1107","volume":"111","author":"ML Cunningham","year":"1965","unstructured":"Cunningham ML. Acute hepatic necrosis following treatment with amitriptyline and diazepam. Br J Psychiatry. 1965;111(480):1107\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.111.480.1107.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"462_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(83)90114-7","volume":"31","author":"DE MacIntyre","year":"1983","unstructured":"MacIntyre DE, Shaw AM. Phospholipid-induced human platelet activation: Effects of calcium channel blockers and calcium chelators. Thromb Res. 1983;31(6):833\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0049-3848(83)90114-7.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"462_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(82)90272-2","volume":"83","author":"K Ishii","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ishii K, Kano T, Akutagawa M, Makino M, Tanaka T, Ando J. Effects of flurazepam and diazepam in isolated guinea-pig taenia coli and longitudinal muscle. Eur J Pharmacol. 1982;83(3\u20134):329\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0014-2999(82)90272-2.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1657214","volume":"48","author":"CG Fenn","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fenn CG, Littleton JM. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by ethanol in vitro shows specificity for aggregating agent used and is influenced by platelet lipid composition. Thromb Haemost. 1982;48(1):49\u201353.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15767","volume":"67","author":"By the American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert P","year":"2019","unstructured":"By the American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert P. American Geriatrics Society 2019 Updated AGS Beers Criteria(R) for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2019;67(4):674\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.15767.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.113.203331","volume":"345","author":"JC Oakley","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oakley JC, Cho AR, Cheah CS, Scheuer T, Catterall WA. Synergistic GABA-enhancing therapy against seizures in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2013;345(2):215\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.113.203331.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"462_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-8722-3-24","volume":"3","author":"MA Bautista-Quach","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bautista-Quach MA, Liao YM, Hsueh CT. Pancytopenia associated with clonazepam. J Hematol Oncol. 2010;3:24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1756-8722-3-24.","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510x(72)90192-x","volume":"16","author":"OR Hommes","year":"1972","unstructured":"Hommes OR, Obbens EA. The epileptogenic action of Na-folate in the rat. J Neurol Sci. 1972;16(3):271\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-510x(72)90192-x.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"462_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(95)00104-e","volume":"34","author":"H Teoh","year":"1995","unstructured":"Teoh H, Fowler LJ, Bowery NG. Effect of lamotrigine on the electrically-evoked release of endogenous amino acids from slices of dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. Neuropharmacology. 1995;34(10):1273\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0028-3908(95)00104-e.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000246323.66438.94","volume":"18","author":"AS Valles","year":"2007","unstructured":"Valles AS, Garbus I, Barrantes FJ. Lamotrigine is an open-channel blocker of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. NeuroReport. 2007;18(1):45\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.wnr.0000246323.66438.94.","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"issue":"10","key":"462_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200107200-00042","volume":"12","author":"SJ Wang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wang SJ, Sihra TS, Gean PW. Lamotrigine inhibition of glutamate release from isolated cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes) by suppression of voltage-activated calcium channel activity. NeuroReport. 2001;12(10):2255\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00001756-200107200-00042.","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"462_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-8993(98)00180-2","volume":"791","author":"H Grunze","year":"1998","unstructured":"Grunze H, Greene RW, Moller HJ, Meyer T, Walden J. Lamotrigine may limit pathological excitation in the hippocampus by modulating a transient potassium outward current. Brain Res. 1998;791(1\u20132):330\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-8993(98)00180-2.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"462_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000544164.75186.5f","volume":"118","author":"DS Aschenbrenner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aschenbrenner DS. New warning for lamotrigine. Am J Nurs. 2018;118(8):27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000544164.75186.5f.","journal-title":"Am J Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1684\/j.1950-6945.2005.tb00097.x","volume":"7","author":"AU Ural","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ural AU, Avcu F, Gokcil Z, Nevruz O, Cetin T. Leucopenia and thrombocytopenia possibly associated with lamotrigine use in a patient. Epileptic Disord. 2005;7(1):33\u20135.","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"issue":"12","key":"462_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028017730374","volume":"51","author":"DH Toffa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Toffa DH, Mehrpouyan S, Rioux-Masse B, Nguyen DK. Lacosamide-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Ann Pharmacother. 2017;51(12):1144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1060028017730374.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"5","key":"462_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.49.5.1442","volume":"49","author":"DS Chattergoon","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chattergoon DS, McGuigan MA, Koren G, Hwang P, Ito S. Multiorgan dysfunction and disseminated intravascular coagulation in children receiving lamotrigine and valproic acid. Neurology. 1997;49(5):1442\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.49.5.1442.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"462_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.018","volume":"40","author":"LP Ferguson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ferguson LP, Dargan PI, Hood JL, Tibby SM. Life-threatening organ failure after lamotrigine therapy. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(5):392\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.018.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2006.02.015","volume":"35","author":"CM Amlie-Lefond","year":"2006","unstructured":"Amlie-Lefond CM, Felgenhauer JL, Leong AD. Localized purpura associated with lamotrigine. Pediatr Neurol. 2006;35(3):227\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2006.02.015.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02529.x","volume":"61","author":"E Perucca","year":"2006","unstructured":"Perucca E. Clinically relevant drug interactions with antiepileptic drugs. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;61(3):246\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02529.x.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15040475","volume":"15","author":"IJ Contreras-Garcia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Contreras-Garcia IJ, Cardenas-Rodriguez N, Romo-Mancillas A, et al. Levetiracetam mechanisms of action: from molecules to systems. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15(4):475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph15040475.","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"462_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebcr.2015.06.001","volume":"4","author":"T Alzahrani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alzahrani T, Kay D, Alqahtani SA, Makke Y, Lesky L, Koubeissi MZ. Levetiracetam-induced pancytopenia. Epilepsy Behav Case Rep. 2015;4:45\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebcr.2015.06.001.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav Case Rep."},{"key":"462_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bcr2016217407","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-217407","volume":"2016","author":"R Garcia Carretero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garcia Carretero R, Romero Brugera M, Olid-Velilla M, Salamanca-Ramirez I. Pancytopenia associated with levetiracetam in an epileptic woman. BMJ Case Rep. 2016;2016:bcr2016217407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2016-217407.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.03.002","volume":"80","author":"A Meschede","year":"2008","unstructured":"Meschede A, Runge U, Sabolek M. Thrombocytopenia during levetiracetam therapy. Epilepsy Res. 2008;80(1):91\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.03.002.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"462_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1247524","volume":"40","author":"B Peer Mohamed","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peer Mohamed B, Prabhakar P. Thrombocytopenia as an adverse effect of levetiracetam therapy in a child. Neuropediatrics. 2009;40(5):243\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0030-1247524.","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"462_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02788.x","volume":"51","author":"K Sahaya","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sahaya K, Goyal MK, Sarwal A, Singh NN. Levetiracetam-induced thrombocytopenia among inpatients: a retrospective study. Epilepsia. 2010;51(12):2492\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02788.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2010.0343","volume":"12","author":"R Oghlakian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oghlakian R, Nock C, Koubeissi M. A case of levetiracetam-induced thrombocytopenia. Epileptic Disord. 2010;12(4):335\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/epd.2010.0343.","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2009.04.003","volume":"86","author":"M Hacquard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hacquard M, Richard S, Lacour JC, Lecompte T, Vespignani H. Levetiracetam-induced platelet dysfunction. Epilepsy Res. 2009;86(1):94\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2009.04.003.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"462_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD007963","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007963.pub3","volume":"12","author":"M Zhou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou M, Chen N, He L, Yang M, Zhu C, Wu F. Oxcarbazepine for neuropathic pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;12(12):CD007963. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD007963.pub3.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e239126","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.9126","volume":"6","author":"A Fazlollahi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fazlollahi A, Zahmatyar M, ZareDini M, et al. Adverse events of cannabidiol use in patients with epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(4):e239126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.9126.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"462_CR98","volume-title":"Oxcarbazepine","author":"CV Preuss","year":"2023","unstructured":"Preuss CV, Randhawa G, Wy TJP, Saadabadi A. Oxcarbazepine. Treasure Island: StatPearls; 2023."},{"issue":"8","key":"462_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2019.00017","volume":"62","author":"GH Jung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jung GH, You SJ. Evaluation of hematologic profile may be needed for patients treated with oxcarbazepine. Korean J Pediatr. 2019;62(8):312\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3345\/kjp.2019.00017.","journal-title":"Korean J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3182051913","volume":"31","author":"X He","year":"2011","unstructured":"He X, Kang S, Wang F, et al. Oxcarbazepine-related thrombocytopenic purpura. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011;31(1):137\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3182051913.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.4088\/jcp.v69n0423b","volume":"69","author":"YW Yeh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yeh YW, Wang TY, Huang CC, Chen YC. Late-onset hypersensitivity reaction with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia induced by oxcarbazepine treatment in a patient with schizoaffective disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69(4):676\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4088\/jcp.v69n0423b.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"462_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1992.tb01772.x","volume":"33","author":"G Kramer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kramer G, Tettenborn B, Klosterskov Jensen P, Menge GP, Stoll KD. Oxcarbazepine does not affect the anticoagulant activity of warfarin. Epilepsia. 1992;33(6):1145\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1992.tb01772.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"12","key":"462_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1499-1654.2000.001597.x","volume":"41","author":"G Barcs","year":"2000","unstructured":"Barcs G, Walker EB, Elger CE, et al. Oxcarbazepine placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial in refractory partial epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2000;41(12):1597\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1499-1654.2000.001597.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389501000215","volume":"10","author":"DL Hurst","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hurst DL, Rolan TD. The use of felbamate to treat infantile spasms. J Child Neurol. 1995;10(2):134\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/088307389501000215.","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"462_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.45.3.456","volume":"45","author":"PB Pennell","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pennell PB, Ogaily MS, Macdonald RL. Aplastic anemia in a patient receiving felbamate for complex partial seizures. Neurology. 1995;45(3 Pt 1):456\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.45.3.456.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-022-01459-6","volume":"37","author":"KM Busl","year":"2022","unstructured":"Busl KM, Fong MWK, Newcomer Z, et al. Pregabalin for recurrent seizures in critical illness: a promising adjunctive therapy, especially for cyclic seizures. Neurocrit Care. 2022;37(1):140\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01459-6.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2013.749239","volume":"9","author":"A Schulze-Bonhage","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schulze-Bonhage A. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of pregabalin and its role in the treatment of epilepsy. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2013;9(1):105\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/17425255.2013.749239.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1177\/2042098613505614","volume":"5","author":"C Toth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Toth C. Pregabalin: latest safety evidence and clinical implications for the management of neuropathic pain. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014;5(1):38\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2042098613505614.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Drug Saf."},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR109","first-page":"39","volume":"42","author":"L Reyes-Molon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reyes-Molon L, Gallego-Deike L. Pregabalina como probable causa de trombocitopenia: Presentacion de dos casos clinicos y revision de la literatura [Pregabalin as a probable cause of thrombocytopenia: presentation of two clinical cases and review of literature]. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2014;42(1):39\u201340.","journal-title":"Actas Esp Psiquiatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"462_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-014-0026-7","volume":"36","author":"C Qu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Qu C, Xie Y, Qin F, Liu W. Neuropsychiatric symptoms accompanying thrombocytopenia following pregabalin treatment for neuralgia: a case report. Int J Clin Pharm. 2014;36(6):1138\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11096-014-0026-7.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"462_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x","volume":"45","author":"E Ben-Menachem","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ben-Menachem E. Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia. 2004;45(Suppl 6):13\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23205","volume":"22","author":"L Amitrano","year":"2002","unstructured":"Amitrano L, Guardascione MA, Brancaccio V, Balzano A. Coagulation disorders in liver disease. Semin Liver Dis. 2002;22(1):83\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2002-23205.","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000566","volume":"63","author":"MZ Tsien","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tsien MZ, Cordova J, Qadir A, Zhao L, Hart J, Azzam R. Topiramate-induced acute liver failure in a pediatric patient: a case report and review of literature. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016;63(3):e37\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000566.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200969040-00005","volume":"69","author":"SA Cross","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cross SA, Curran MP. Lacosamide: in partial-onset seizures. Drugs. 2009;69(4):449\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003495-200969040-00005.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8775-9","volume":"51","author":"SM Wilson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wilson SM, Khanna R. Specific binding of lacosamide to collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) and direct impairment of its canonical function: implications for the therapeutic potential of lacosamide. Mol Neurobiol. 2015;51(2):599\u2013609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-014-8775-9.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"462_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.03.015","volume":"115","author":"G Ruffolo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ruffolo G, Di Bonaventura C, Cifelli P, et al. A novel action of lacosamide on GABA(A) currents sets the ground for a synergic interaction with levetiracetam in treatment of epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis. 2018;115:59\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.03.015.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.02.005","volume":"20","author":"M Gavatha","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gavatha M, Ioannou I, Papavasiliou AS. Efficacy and tolerability of oral lacosamide as adjunctive therapy in pediatric patients with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2011;20(4):691\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.02.005.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.12.039","volume":"48","author":"GL Jones","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jones GL, Popli GS, Silvia MT. Lacosamide-induced valproic acid toxicity. Pediatr Neurol. 2013;48(4):308\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.12.039.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"462_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270011426875","volume":"52","author":"W Cawello","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cawello W, Bonn R. No pharmacokinetic interaction between lacosamide and valproic acid in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;52(11):1739\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0091270011426875.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"462_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13020326","volume":"13","author":"P Tabaee Damavandi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tabaee Damavandi P, Pasini F, Fanella G, et al. Perampanel in brain tumor-related epilepsy: a systematic review. Brain Sci. 2023;13(2):326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci13020326.","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"462_CR121","first-page":"683","volume":"41","author":"J Greenwood","year":"2016","unstructured":"Greenwood J, Valdes J. Perampanel (fycompa): a review of clinical efficacy and safety in epilepsy. P T. 2016;41(11):683\u201398.","journal-title":"P T"},{"issue":"12","key":"462_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-012-0021-2","volume":"26","author":"GL Plosker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Plosker GL. Perampanel: as adjunctive therapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. CNS Drugs. 2012;26(12):1085\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40263-012-0021-2.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(93)90054-b","volume":"15","author":"S Yamaguchi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yamaguchi S, Donevan SD, Rogawski MA. Anticonvulsant activity of AMPA\/kainate antagonists: comparison of GYKI 52466 and NBOX in maximal electroshock and chemoconvulsant seizure models. Epilepsy Res. 1993;15(3):179\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0920-1211(93)90054-b.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"462_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182635735","volume":"79","author":"JA French","year":"2012","unstructured":"French JA, Krauss GL, Biton V, et al. Adjunctive perampanel for refractory partial-onset seizures: randomized phase III study 304. Neurology. 2012;79(6):589\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182635735.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.37781","volume":"15","author":"RA Almuhanna","year":"2023","unstructured":"Almuhanna RA, Muddassir R, Almaghrabi M, Bokhari G, Al-Ghamdi A. Perampanel-induced, new-onset thrombocytopenia in a patient with refractory seizures: a case report. Cureus. 2023;15(4): e37781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.37781.","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-017-0224-6","volume":"18","author":"M Buoli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buoli M, Serati M, Botturi A, Altamura AC. The risk of thrombocytopenia during valproic acid therapy: a critical summary of available clinical data. Drugs R D. 2018;18(1):1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40268-017-0224-6.","journal-title":"Drugs R D."},{"key":"462_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.12.024","volume":"75","author":"FM Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang FM, Fan PC, Weng WC, Chang CH, Lee WT. The efficacy of perampanel in young children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Seizure. 2020;75:82\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.12.024.","journal-title":"Seizure."},{"issue":"10125","key":"462_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30136-3","volume":"391","author":"EA Thiele","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thiele EA, Marsh ED, French JA, et al. Cannabidiol in patients with seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (GWPCARE4): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2018;391(10125):1085\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30136-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"21","key":"462_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611618","volume":"376","author":"O Devinsky","year":"2017","unstructured":"Devinsky O, Cross JH, Laux L, et al. Trial of cannabidiol for drug-resistant seizures in the Dravet syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(21):2011\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1611618.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"462_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-019-01171-4","volume":"79","author":"V Franco","year":"2019","unstructured":"Franco V, Perucca E. Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of cannabidiol for epilepsy. Drugs. 2019;79(13):1435\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40265-019-01171-4.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"6","key":"462_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2805","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28062805","volume":"28","author":"H Lu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lu H, Wang Q, Jiang X, Zhao Y, He M, Wei M. The potential mechanism of cannabidiol (CBD) treatment of epilepsy in pentetrazol (PTZ) kindling mice uncovered by multi-omics analysis. Molecules. 2023;28(6):2805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules28062805.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"8","key":"462_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e85","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16596","volume":"61","author":"NA McNamara","year":"2020","unstructured":"McNamara NA, Dang LT, Sturza J, et al. Thrombocytopenia in pediatric patients on concurrent cannabidiol and valproic acid. Epilepsia. 2020;61(8):e85\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/epi.16596.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"11","key":"462_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X19666210826125341","volume":"19","author":"E Akyuz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akyuz E, Koklu B, Ozenen C, Arulsamy A, Shaikh MF. Elucidating the potential side effects of current anti-seizure drugs for epilepsy. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021;19(11):1865\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570159X19666210826125341.","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199717040-00003","volume":"17","author":"S Natsch","year":"1997","unstructured":"Natsch S, Hekster YA, Keyser A, Deckers CL, Meinardi H, Renier WO. Newer anticonvulsant drugs: role of pharmacology, drug interactions and adverse reactions in drug choice. Drug Saf. 1997;17(4):228\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00002018-199717040-00003.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"11","key":"462_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-017-3298-6","volume":"159","author":"G Flores","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flores G, Vicenty JC, Pastrana EA. Post-operative seizures after burr hole evacuation of chronic subdural hematomas: Is prophylactic anti-epileptic medication needed? Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2017;159(11):2033\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-017-3298-6.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"5","key":"462_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.13125","volume":"45","author":"DW Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim DW, Kim W, Lee CH, Chun YI. Thrombocytopenia during intravenous valproic acid therapy in the neurological intensive care unit. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2020;45(5):1014\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpt.13125.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpo.0000152942.95239.b1","volume":"25","author":"BT Carney","year":"2005","unstructured":"Carney BT, Minter CL. Is operative blood loss associated with valproic acid? Analysis of bilateral femoral osteotomy in children with total involvement cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop. 2005;25(3):283\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.bpo.0000152942.95239.b1.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"8","key":"462_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-013-0067-4","volume":"52","author":"D Italiano","year":"2013","unstructured":"Italiano D, Perucca E. Clinical pharmacokinetics of new-generation antiepileptic drugs at the extremes of age: an update. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2013;52(8):627\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40262-013-0067-4.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2020.16.4.556","volume":"16","author":"JG Seo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Seo JG, Cho YW, Kim KT, et al. Pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in elderly patients. J Clin Neurol. 2020;16(4):556\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3988\/jcn.2020.16.4.556.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-012-0836-1","volume":"108","author":"M Sim\u00f3","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sim\u00f3 M, Velasco R, Graus F, et al. Impact of antiepileptic drugs on thrombocytopenia in glioblastoma patients treated with standard chemoradiotherapy. J Neurooncol. 2012;108(3):451\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11060-012-0836-1.","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"462_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2007.00061.x","volume":"100","author":"A Gunes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gunes A, Bilir E, Zengil H, Babaoglu MO, Bozkurt A, Yasar U. Inhibitory effect of valproic acid on cytochrome P450 2C9 activity in epilepsy patients. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007;100(6):383\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2007.00061.x.","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"8","key":"462_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2008.08.011","volume":"30","author":"KY Yap","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yap KY, Chui WK, Chan A. Drug interactions between chemotherapeutic regimens and antiepileptics. Clin Ther. 2008;30(8):1385\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinthera.2008.08.011.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2510140108","volume":"14","author":"M Pokrajac","year":"1993","unstructured":"Pokrajac M, Miljkovic B, Varagic VM, Levic Z. Pharmacokinetic interaction between valproic acid and phenobarbital. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1993;14(1):81\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdd.2510140108.","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"issue":"8","key":"462_CR144","first-page":"749","volume":"5","author":"DL Mayers","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mayers DL, McCutchan FE, Sanders-Buell EE, et al. Characterization of HIV isolates arising after prolonged zidovudine therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1992;5(8):749\u201359.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988)"},{"issue":"4","key":"462_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.55.4.588","volume":"55","author":"AM Kanner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kanner AM, Frey M. Adding valproate to lamotrigine: a study of their pharmacokinetic interaction. Neurology. 2000;55(4):588\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.55.4.588.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"462_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13203","volume":"125","author":"B Koristkova","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koristkova B, Grundmann M, Brozmanova H, Kacirova I. Lamotrigine drug interactions in combination therapy and the influence of therapeutic drug monitoring on clinical outcomes in paediatric patients. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2019;125(1):26\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcpt.13203.","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"462_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200038030-00001","volume":"38","author":"E Perucca","year":"2000","unstructured":"Perucca E. Is there a role for therapeutic drug monitoring of new anticonvulsants? Clin Pharmacokinet. 2000;38(3):191\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003088-200038030-00001.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"10","key":"462_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X19666210913120637","volume":"20","author":"LH Siang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Siang LH, Arulsamy A, Yoon YK, Shaikh MF. Fruits for seizures? A systematic review on the potential anti-convulsant effects of fruits and their phytochemicals. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2022;20(10):1925\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570159X19666210913120637.","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"}],"container-title":["Drugs - Real World Outcomes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40801-024-00462-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40801-024-00462-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40801-024-00462-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T18:28:22Z","timestamp":1739644102000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40801-024-00462-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"references-count":148,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40801-024-00462-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2199-1154","2198-9788"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2199-1154","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-9788","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 October 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers\u2019 bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements) or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge, or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"No funding was received for this research.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"Not applicable for this type of study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and materials"}},{"value":"For this type of study, formal consent is not required.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Formal consent"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"Conceptualization: Areesha Mansoor. Investigation: Areesha Mansoor. Writing\u2014original draft: Areesha Mansoor, Maryam Shahzad, Eeshal Zulfiqar, Muneeba Ahsan, and Rimsha Adnan. Writing\u2014review and editing: Sean Kaisser Shaeen, Umm E Salma Shabbar Banatwala, and Abdullah Malikzai. The final version of this manuscript has been read and approved by the authors of this manuscript.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}}]}}