{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:26:31Z","timestamp":1781648791003,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010571","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01ZZ1910[A-S]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZZ1910[A-S]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010571","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010571","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01ZZ2308B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZZ2308B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010571","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drugs - Real World Outcomes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-025-00528-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T15:04:19Z","timestamp":1763564659000},"page":"15-27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Use of Potentially Inappropriate Medication and Association with Falls During Hospitalisation: An Analysis Based on Electronic Health Records (POLAR_MI project)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4150-9084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louisa","family":"Redeker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6462-2579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Kesselmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2673-3336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beate","family":"Mussawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2395-1522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steffen","family":"Grabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marietta","family":"Rottenkolber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5489-7405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torsten","family":"Thalheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2027-8213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5145-7798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Peschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5151-7665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Str\u00fcbing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4639-5189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9406-4704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Scherag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0424-9933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Loeffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4844-0112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Schmiedl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9724-1422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"Th\u00fcrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"POLAR_MI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"528_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2018.1546841","author":"JW Wastesson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wastesson JW, Morin L, Tan ECK, Johnell K. An update on the clinical consequences of polypharmacy in older adults: a narrative review. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14740338.2018.1546841.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"key":"528_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.10.022","author":"LE Davies","year":"2020","unstructured":"Davies LE, Spiers G, Kingston A, Todd A, Adamson J, Hanratty B. Adverse outcomes of polypharmacy in older people: systematic review of reviews. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.10.022.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"528_CR3","unstructured":"Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe. Classification for Drug-Related Problems. Version 9.1. 2020."},{"key":"528_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2118","author":"D Rottenkolber","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rottenkolber D, Schmiedl S, Rottenkolber M, Farker K, Salj\u00e9 K, Mueller S, et al. Adverse drug reactions in Germany: direct costs of internal medicine hospitalizations. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.2118.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"528_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920011796504527","author":"S Shi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shi S, Klotz U. Age-related changes in pharmacokinetics. Curr Drug Metab. 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/138920011796504527.","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"key":"528_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2003.02007.x","author":"AA Mangoni","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mangoni AA, Jackson SH. Age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: basic principles and practical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2003.02007.x.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"528_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219898","author":"ML Fahrni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fahrni ML, Azmy MT, Usir E, Aziz NA, Hassan Y. Inappropriate prescribing defined by STOPP and START criteria and its association with adverse drug events among hospitalized older patients: a multicentre, prospective study. PLoS ONE. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0219898.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"528_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-015-0035-4","author":"F Henschel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Henschel F, Redaelli M, Siegel M, Stock S. Correlation of incident potentially inappropriate medication prescriptions and hospitalization: an analysis based on the PRISCUS list. Drugs. 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40801-015-0035-4.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"528_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.12.013","author":"M de Vries","year":"2018","unstructured":"de Vries M, Seppala LJ, Daams JG, van de Glind EMM, Masud T, van der Velde N. Fall-risk-increasing drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis: I. Cardiovascular drugs. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.12.013.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"528_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.12.098","author":"LJ Seppala","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seppala LJ, Wermelink A, de Vries M, Ploegmakers KJ, van de Glind EMM, Daams JG, et al. Fall-risk-increasing drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis: II. Psychotropics. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.12.098.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"528_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.12.099","author":"LJ Seppala","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seppala LJ, van de Glind EMM, Daams JG, Ploegmakers KJ, de Vries M, Wermelink A, et al. Fall-risk-increasing drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis: III. Others. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.12.099.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"528_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2010.0543","author":"S Holt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Holt S, Schmiedl S, Thurmann PA. Potentially inappropriate medications in the elderly: the PRISCUS list. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2010.0543.","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"528_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-015-1860-9","author":"A Renom-Guiteras","year":"2015","unstructured":"Renom-Guiteras A, Meyer G, Th\u00fcrmann PA. The EU(7)-PIM list: a list of potentially inappropriate medications for older people consented by experts from seven European countries. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-015-1860-9.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"528_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afv200","author":"M Wehling","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wehling M, Burkhardt H, Kuhn-Thiel A, Pazan F, Throm C, Weiss C, et al. VALFORTA: a randomised trial to validate the FORTA (fit for the aged) classification. Age Ageing. 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afv200.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"528_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klauber J, Geraedts M, Friedrich J, Wasem J. Krankenhaus-Report 2019: Das digitale Krankenhaus: Springer Nature; 2019.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-58225-1"},{"key":"528_CR16","unstructured":"Bensch H. Digitalisierung im Krankenhaus\u2013Baustellen gibt es genug. Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt. 2022."},{"key":"528_CR17","unstructured":"Blum K, Filser M, Heber R, Levsen A, L\u00f6ffert S, Parloh K, et al. Krankenhaus Barometer Umfrage 2023. 2023."},{"key":"528_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3414\/me18-03-0003","author":"SC Semler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Semler SC, Wissing F, Heyder R. German Medical Informatics Initiative. Methods Inf Med. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3414\/me18-03-0003.","journal-title":"Methods Inf Med"},{"key":"528_CR19","unstructured":"The Medical Informatics Initiative. https:\/\/www.medizininformatik-initiative.de\/index.php\/en."},{"key":"528_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-024-03879-5","author":"F Albashiti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Albashiti F, Thasler R, Wendt T, Bathelt F, Reinecke I, Schreiweis B. Data integration centers-from a concept in the Medical Informatics Initiative to its local implementation in the Network of University Medicine. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00103-024-03879-5.","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz"},{"key":"528_CR21","unstructured":"Use Case POLAR_MI. https:\/\/www.medizininformatik-initiative.de\/en\/POLAR."},{"key":"528_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11553-022-00976-8","author":"A Scherag","year":"2022","unstructured":"Scherag A, Andrikyan W, Dreischulte T, D\u00fcrr P, Fromm MF, Gewehr J, et al. POLAR\u2014\u201ePOLypharmazie, Arzneimittelwechselwirkungen und Risiken\u201c\u2014wie k\u00f6nnen Daten aus der station\u00e4ren Krankenversorgung zur Beurteilung beitragen? Pr\u00e4vention und Gesundheitsf\u00f6rderung. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11553-022-00976-8.","journal-title":"Pr\u00e4vention und Gesundheitsf\u00f6rderung."},{"key":"528_CR23","unstructured":"ATC classifikation. https:\/\/www.bfarm.de\/DE\/Kodiersysteme\/Klassifikationen\/ATC\/_node.html."},{"key":"528_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0238","author":"M Rupp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rupp M, Walter N, Pfeifer C, Lang S, Kerschbaum M, Krutsch W, et al. The incidence of fractures among the adult population of Germany\u2013an analysis from 2009 through 2019. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0238.","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"528_CR25","unstructured":"WHO International Classification of Diseases V, German Modification. https:\/\/klassifikationen.bfarm.de\/icd-10-gm\/kode-suche\/htmlgm2024\/index.htm."},{"key":"528_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa249","author":"LJ Seppala","year":"2021","unstructured":"Seppala LJ, Petrovic M, Ryg J, Bahat G, Topinkova E, Szczerbi\u0144ska K, et al. STOPPFall (screening tool of older persons prescriptions in older adults with high fall risk): a Delphi study by the EuGMS task and finish group on fall-risk-increasing drugs. Age Ageing. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afaa249.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"528_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wermund AM, Thalheim T, Medek A, Schmidt F, Peschel T, Str\u00fcbing A, et al. Challenges in detecting and predicting adverse drug events via distributed analysis of electronic health record data from German university hospitals. PLOS Digit Health. 2025; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pdig.0000892","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pdig.0000892"},{"key":"528_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-024-03888-4","author":"D Ammon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ammon D, Kurscheidt M, Buckow K, Kirsten T, L\u00f6be M, Meineke F, et al. Interoperability Working Group: core dataset and information systems for data integration and data exchange in the Medical Informatics Initiative. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00103-024-03888-4.","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz"},{"key":"528_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/shti190508","author":"G Kamdje-Wabo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kamdje-Wabo G, Gradinger T, L\u00f6be M, Lodahl R, Seuchter SA, Sax U, et al. Towards structured data quality assessment in the german medical informatics initiative: initial approach in the MII Demonstrator Study. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/shti190508.","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform."},{"key":"528_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq433","author":"H Quan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Quan H, Li B, Couris CM, Fushimi K, Graham P, Hider P, et al. Updating and validating the Charlson comorbidity index and score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries. Am J Epidemiol. 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwq433.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"528_CR31","unstructured":"Tiefgegliederte Diagnosedaten der Krankenhauspatientinnen und -patienten. https:\/\/www.statistischebibliothek.de\/mir\/receive\/DESerie_mods_00000950."},{"key":"528_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-017-0441-2","author":"D Heider","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heider D, Matschinger H, Meid AD, Quinzler R, Adler JB, G\u00fcnster C, et al. Health service use, costs, and adverse events associated with potentially inappropriate medication in old age in Germany: retrospective matched cohort study. Drugs Aging. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40266-017-0441-2.","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"528_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpp.12541","author":"SK Nothelle","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nothelle SK, Sharma R, Oakes A, Jackson M, Segal JB. Factors associated with potentially inappropriate medication use in community-dwelling older adults in the United States: a systematic review. Int J Pharm Pract. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijpp.12541.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pract"},{"key":"528_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14870","author":"AB Mekonnen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mekonnen AB, Redley B, de Courten B, Manias E. Potentially inappropriate prescribing and its associations with health-related and system-related outcomes in hospitalised older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcp.14870.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"528_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01861-w","author":"T Nagai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nagai T, Nagaoka M, Tanimoto K, Tomizuka Y, Uei H, Nakanishi K. Relationship between potentially inappropriate medications and functional prognosis in elderly patients with distal radius fracture: a retrospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-020-01861-w.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"528_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-012-1425-0","author":"MF Fromm","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fromm MF, Maas R, T\u00fcmena T, Ga\u00dfmann KG. Potentially inappropriate medications in a large cohort of patients in geriatric units: association with clinical and functional characteristics. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-012-1425-0.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"528_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-050344","author":"C Kr\u00fcger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kr\u00fcger C, Sch\u00e4fer I, van den Bussche H, Bickel H, Dreischulte T, Fuchs A, et al. Comparison of FORTA, PRISCUS and EU(7)-PIM lists on identifying potentially inappropriate medication and its impact on cognitive function in multimorbid elderly German people in primary care: a multicentre observational study. BMJ Open. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-050344.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"528_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20032327","author":"T Dreischulte","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dreischulte T, Sanftenberg L, Hennigs P, Z\u00f6llinger I, Schwaiger R, Floto C, et al. Detecting medication risks among people in need of care: performance of six instruments. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph20032327.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"528_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-016-0085-2","author":"B Wickop","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wickop B, H\u00e4rterich S, Sommer C, Daubmann A, Baehr M, Langebrake C. Potentially inappropriate medication use in multimorbid elderly inpatients: differences between the FORTA, PRISCUS and STOPP ratings. Drugs. 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40801-016-0085-2.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"528_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19860-8","author":"J Brkic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brkic J, Fialova D, Okuyan B, Kummer I, Sesto S, Capiau A, et al. Prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescribing in older adults in Central and Eastern Europe: a systematic review and synthesis without meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-19860-8.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"528_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.17988","author":"S Schietzel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schietzel S, Zechmann S, Rachamin Y, Neuner-Jehle S, Senn O, Grischott T. Potentially inappropriate medication use in primary care in Switzerland. JAMA Netw Open. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.17988.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"528_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2031","author":"K Zint","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zint K, Haefeli WE, Glynn RJ, Mogun H, Avorn J, St\u00fcrmer T. Impact of drug interactions, dosage, and duration of therapy on the risk of hip fracture associated with benzodiazepine use in older adults. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.2031.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"528_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.10.013","author":"SC de Ruiter","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Ruiter SC, Biesheuvel SS, van Haelst IMM, van Marum RJ, Jansen R. To STOPP or to START? Potentially inappropriate prescribing in older patients with falls and syncope. Maturitas. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.10.013.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"528_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4212\/cjhp.v62i4.808","author":"S Ackroyd-Stolarz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ackroyd-Stolarz S, Mackinnon NJ, Sketris I, Sabo B. Potentially inappropriate prescribing of benzodiazepines for older adults and risk of falls during a hospital stay: a descriptive study. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4212\/cjhp.v62i4.808.","journal-title":"Can J Hosp Pharm"},{"key":"528_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.36.546","author":"D Yokoyama","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yokoyama D, Mitsuyama K, Inami K, Fujisaki K, Yokoyama M, Arai S, et al. Analysis of fall risk factors and environmental hazards for older adults in Japan: assessing fall situations and locations. J Phys Ther Sci. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1589\/jpts.36.546.","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"528_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2682-9","author":"C Reyes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reyes C, Estrada P, Nogu\u00e9s X, Orozco P, Cooper C, D\u00edez-P\u00e9rez A, et al. The impact of common co-morbidities (as measured using the Charlson index) on hip fracture risk in elderly men: a population-based cohort study. Osteoporos Int. 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-014-2682-9.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"528_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1874","author":"R G\u00fcerri-Fernandez","year":"2013","unstructured":"G\u00fcerri-Fernandez R, Vestergaard P, Carbonell C, Knobel H, Avil\u00e9s FF, Castro AS, et al. HIV infection is strongly associated with hip fracture risk, independently of age, gender, and comorbidities: a population-based cohort study. J Bone Miner Res. 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.1874.","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"528_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-021-06293-8","author":"A Clausen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Clausen A, M\u00f6ller S, Skj\u00f8dt MK, Bech BH, Rubin KH. Evaluating the performance of the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) in fracture risk prediction and developing a new Charlson Fracture Index (CFI): a register-based cohort study. Osteoporos Int. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-021-06293-8.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"528_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00391-021-01873-z","author":"P Benzinger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Benzinger P, Eidam A, Bauer JM. Clinical importance of the detection of frailty. Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00391-021-01873-z.","journal-title":"Z Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"528_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria\u00ae for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.18372.","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18372"},{"key":"528_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-022-03337-8","author":"N Parodi L\u00f3pez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Parodi L\u00f3pez N, Svensson SA, Wallerstedt SM. Clinical relevance of potentially inappropriate medications and potential prescribing omissions according to explicit criteria-a validation study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-022-03337-8.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"528_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.26910","author":"F Tian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tian F, Chen Z, Zeng Y, Feng Q, Chen X. Prevalence of use of potentially inappropriate medications among older adults worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.26910.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"528_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-024-03890-w","author":"M Loeffler","year":"2024","unstructured":"Loeffler M, Maas R, Neumann D, Scherag A. [INTERPOLAR-prospective, interventional studies as part of the Medical Informatics Initiative to improve medication therapy safety in healthcare]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforsch Gesundheitsschutz. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00103-024-03890-w.","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforsch Gesundheitsschutz"}],"container-title":["Drugs - Real World Outcomes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40801-025-00528-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40801-025-00528-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40801-025-00528-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T14:40:13Z","timestamp":1773931213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40801-025-00528-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["528"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40801-025-00528-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2199-1154","2198-9788"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2199-1154","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-9788","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 November 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The initial, local data snapshots containing the centres\u2019 pseudonymised patient data, i.e. the data from patients\u2019 electronic medical records of routine inpatient care, cannot be shared, as the General Data Protection Regulation prohibits transfer to third parties without patient consent. However, researchers can apply for the data and related analysis via the German Portal for Medical Research Data (\n                      Deutsches Forschungsdatenportal f\u00fcr Gesundheit\n                      , FDPG;\n                      \n                      ). All developed software components, including the R scripts, are available via the 'Health Atlas-Local Data Hub\/Leipzig' at\n                      \n                      . The authors confirm that the complete meta-analysis results of this study are provided in this article and its supplementary materials.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"The primary ethics approval was granted by the Ethics Committee at the Medical Faculty of the University Leipzig (lead ethics committee). As applicable per local state laws, additional local votes, waivers or statements that no additional local vote was necessary were obtained for all other participating sites. The names of all relevant ethics committees and the respective reference numbers are provided in Supplementary Table S12 in the electronic supplementary material. Research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed patient consent was not required due to the retrospective, distributed analysis approach in POLAR_MI, where only anonymised data (i.e. summary statistics) not falling under the General Data Protection Regulation left the centres; processing of the patients\u2019 electronic medical records data from routine inpatient care to obtain these summary statistics was done locally within the data integration centres and relied on research paragraphs of the respective hospital laws of the federal states, which do not require individual patient consent in this case. The ethics committees did not object to this approach and waived individual informed consent.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}},{"value":"Conceptualisation: LR, SS, PT. Methodology: LR, MK, BM, SG, MR, SS, PT. Formal analysis and investigation: LR, MK, BM, SG, MR, TT, FS, TP, AStr, SS, PT. Writing\u2014original draft preparation: LR. Writing\u2014review and editing: MK, BM, SG, MR, TT, FS, TP, AStr, DN, ASch, ML, SS, PT. Supervision: SS, PT. All authors read and approved the final version.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}}]}}