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Obeid, Bashir A. Yousef, Yousif B.\u00a0Hamadalneel, Mawahib A. Mustafa, Amani Abdelaziz Mahmoud, and Elkhanssa Abdelhameed Ahmed Elhag have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval (FPEC-30-2022) was obtained from the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. The confidentiality and anonymity of the participants\u2019 data were strictly maintained throughout the research process.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The datasets used and\/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of Data and Material"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"OKO, BAY, and EAAE conceptualized and designed the study. OKO, MAM, and AAM contributed to patient recruitment and data acquisition, whereas OKO, BAY, YBH, and EAAE were involved in conducting the study, performing the data analysis, and interpreting the results. BAY and EAAE supervised the research. All the authors contributed to the writing of the first draft of the manuscript. BAY and YBH edited the final draft and provided critical revisions. All the authors reviewed, edited, and approved the final manuscript.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Authors\u2019 Contributions"}},{"value":"During the preparation of this work, the authors used OpenAI. (2025).\n                      ChatGPT (July 19 version)\n                      to assist in generating descriptive text summarizing the contents of the tables and to improve grammar, clarity, and academic tone. After using this OpenAI. (2025).\n                      ChatGPT (July 19 version)\n                      , the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration of Generative AI in the writing Process"}}]}}