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Molybdenum oxide (MoO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) has garnered considerable interest as a promising hole transport layer (HTLs). A key advantage of MoO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    is high work function, in addition to the low-cost processability. However, in silicon photovoltaics, MoO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    -based\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -type contacts face fundamental limitations at hydrogenated amorphous silicon (i-a-Si:H)\/MoO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    interface, where oxygen vacancy defects lower work function, as well as, weak van der Waals-dominated interactions impair charge carry transport. To address these challenges, we introduced an ultrathin phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) interlayer at the i-a-Si:H\/MoO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    interface. PMA passivated oxygen vacancy defects, resulting in a notable improvement in open-circuit voltage from 713 to 730\u00a0mV, and 0.11\u00a0eV work function elevation via dipole formation; meanwhile, PMA strengthened the interfacial bonding energy, reducing saturation current density and contact resistance by 63% and 24%, respectively, contributing to a fill factor enhancement from 83.7% to 84.9%. In the end, we demonstrated a record efficiency of 24.9% for MoO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    -based silicon solar cells, which provides valuable insights for developing high-performance MoO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    HTL devices for dopant-free\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -type contact technologies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-026-02250-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T03:42:31Z","timestamp":1785469351000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interface Contact Optimization via Phosphomolybdic Acid Enables 24.9% Efficiency in MoOX-Based Silicon Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Shaopeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiqi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanyu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linfeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tinghao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongzhe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2250_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-022-00423-2","volume":"7","author":"C Ballif","year":"2022","unstructured":"C. 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